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Zulu



:''This article is about the African ethnic group. For other meanings, see Zulu (disambiguation).'' The Zulu are an African ethnic group of about 11 million people who live mainly in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Their language derives originally from Bantu language; more recently from the Nguni subgroup. The Zulu Kingdom played a major role in History of South Africa during the 19th century. Under apartheid, Zulu people were classed as second-class citizens and discriminated against. Today, they are the most numerous ethnic group in the country, and have equal rights along with all other South Africans. ==History== ===Origins=== The Zulu were a minor clan in what is today Northern KwaZulu-Natal, founded ca. 1709 by Zulu kaNtombhela. At that time, the area was occupied by many small Nguni tribes and clans. ===Kingdom=== Shaka Zulu was the illegitimate son of Senzangakona, chief of the Zulus. He was born ca 1787. He and his mother, Nandi, were exiled by Senzangakona, and found refuge with the Mthethwa. Shaka fought as a warrior under Dingiswayo, chief of the Mthethwa. When Senzangakona died, Dingiswayo helped Shaka claim his place as chief of the Zulus. The two fought together against common foes. After Dingiswayo was murdered by king Zwide of the Ndwandwe, the Mthethwa placed themselves under Shaka's rule, and took on the name Zulu. Shaka built upon Dingiswayo's military reforms, and, using superior tactics, expanded the territory controlled by the Zulu to form the Zulu Kingdom. Some of the conflicts involved in this process fall under the Zulu Civil War. The Zulus at this point constituted a great nation between the Tugela River and the Pongola River. This process of expansion played a major role in the occurrence of the Mfecane - the catastrophic forced migration of many clans around Zululand. Shaka was succeeded by Dingane, his half brother, who conspired to murder him. ===Interaction with the Voortrekkers=== Dingane suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Blood River on 16 December 1838, when he attacked a group of 470 Voortrekker settlers. ===Anglo-Zulu War=== The Anglo-Zulu War was fought between the Zulus, under Cetshwayo and the United Kingdom in 1879. The British ruled the colony of KwaZulu-Natal Province, which bordered on the Zulu Kingdom at the time. Despite defeating the British at Isandlwana on January 22, the Zulus lost the war at the Battle of Ulundi on July 4. Cetshwayo was forced to flee, and the British forcibly restructured the Zulu aristocracy. ===Apartheid Years=== Under apartheid, Zululand was declared a Bantustan, and a large proportion of the Zulu people forced to live there. Zulu people were classed as "black" in South Africa, and as such were heavily discriminated against. ==Rural vs urban Zulu people== The modern Zulu population is fairly evenly divided into urban and rural groups. ===Rural Zulu people=== Rural Zulu people live in villages, often without electricity and running water, in houses constructed from a mixture of mud brick and more modern, but cheap, materials. The Zulu aristocracy still tends to play a major role in the leadership of rural Zulu people. Local amaKhosi (literally lords, though "chiefs" is a more common translation) tend to hold a certain amount of sway over the people in their area. Some rural Zulu people make a living selling basketry and beadwork to tourists and city dwellers. Some are also subsistence farming, although a more prominent trend is for one member of a family to get a job in a nearby city, from the income of which they support the rest of the family. ===Urban Zulu people=== Poorer urban Zulu people live in Township (South Africa)s, which came about as a result of apartheid. However, a large number of Zulu people are now members of the middle class, living in suburban houses, and having fairly common middle class first world jobs. A number of Zulu people are prominent business men and women, and a number are Politics_of_South_Africa. ==Zulu music== The singing styles of the Zulu people and their Nguni heritage are worthy of special mention. As in much of Africa, music is highly considered, enabling the communication of emotions and situations which could not be made by talking. Zulu music incorporates rhythm, melody and harmony — the latter is usually dominant and known as "isigubudu" (which can be translated as converging horns on a beast, with tips touching the animal, a spiralling inward that reflects inner feelings). Zulu music has also been carried worldwide, often by white musicians using Zulu backing singers, or performing songs by Zulu composers. Examples of the former are Paul Simon and South African Johnny Clegg. Examples of the latter are the song "Wimoweh" and several tunes on the first album by Bow Wow Wow. In the case of both Bow Wow Wow and to a lesser extent "Wimoweh", the original Zulu musicians went largely unidentified and uncompensated by the white musicians. ==Language== Their language is Zulu language. Many Zulu people today speak English language, Afrikaans, and other of South Africa's 11 official languages. In the Zulu language, Zulu means "heaven" or "sky". ==Related Topics== * Nguni * Inkatha Freedom Party * Shaka * Zulu Civil War * Anglo-Zulu War * List of Zulu kings * Zulu stick fighting * Ladysmith Black Mambazo ==External links== * [http://www.traditionsmagazine.com/features/sangoma.html African Traditional Healers] The initiatory journey, or Utwaza, from Twasa to Sangoma as held in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. ==References== * 1 [http://www.southafrica.info/ess_info/sa_glance/demographics/census-main.htm South Africa grows to 44.8 million], on the site [http://www.southafrica.info southafrica.info] published for the International Marketing Council of South Africa, dated 9 July 2003, retrieved 4 March 2005. Zulus Ethnic groups of Africa fa:زولو

Zulu



Someone recently removed from the article the statement, "they moved into South Africa in the 1500s from the Congo region..." I have no idea of the facts, so I am not restoring it, but I strongly suggest that when removing a substantive statement, one should give references. -- User:Jmabel 21:07, 14 Apr 2004 (UTC) : One should give references when ''adding'' such a substantative statement. I'm not sure what references you are asking for that would support the removal of such a statement. — User:Timwi 21:25, 14 Apr 2004 (UTC) :: Agreed that one should give references when adding (and so few do, and I've actually had people complain when I do!), but doesn't it concern you when people delete substance without even a comment? In this case, I have no idea of the facts, but I've run across a ''lot'' of cases of someone deleting stuff just because they found a fact uncongenial, haven't you? -- User:Jmabel 05:38, 15 Apr 2004 (UTC) : Sorry folks - I removed it. The Bantu, as a language group, originated around Cameroon / Congo, and worked their way down Eastern Africa. The Bantu cover ''dozens'' of language groups. The Zulu were a small tribe of 1500 in South Africa at the end of the 1700s - to suggest they trekked down themselves from Congo is absurd. I will be working on the Bantu pages. I ripped a lot of stuff from the de wikipedia for Nguni, interesting, but quite German .. I was going to do the same for Bantu. But - thanks for pointing out the Wikiquette of noting it on the Talk page. User:Wikiwizzy == Colors == I think that colors of infobox should be changed and i said this when User:Jmabel asked me about it: ''Any particular reason you edited the infobox on Zulu into colors that do not match the standard Infobox for ethnic groups? Thought I'd check before reverting. -- User:Jmabel 17:19, 6 Apr 2004 (UTC)'' ''I wanted to make every part of table more noticeable. If it is in different color then it`s easier for human brain to read and understand whole article. Maybe the colors could be other than the one I chose but it is important that they are different. User:Avala18:20, 6 Apr 2004 (UTC)'' Also color shange was supported by User:Wikiwizzy: ''I think they look great. maybe Infobox for ethnic groups needs tarting up ? Wizzy'' ::I can't speak for your brain, but mine doesn't find your color scheme easy to process at all. It was far too jumpy and drew attention to itself, rather than to the information presented. User:Mkweise 19:57, 19 Apr 2004 (UTC) :The so-called "better" colors are ugly, distracting, and amateurish. Small blocks of color are not conducive to reading. -- User:Cyrius|User talk:Cyrius 21:22, Apr 19, 2004 (UTC) : Agree with User:Cyrius, User:Jmabel and User:Mkweise. Too many colors make it difficult to read. Just reverted the Wikipedia:Infobox#Ethnic_groups -- User:Chris 73 23:59, 19 Apr 2004 (UTC) :Yes, the numerous colors were quite disconcerting and distracting. User:TUF-KAT 03:55, Apr 20, 2004 (UTC) == Some more modern information == I did a bit of tweaking of the statement about Zulu people being basket weavers, bead makers and subsistence farmers. While this is true of a protion of the population, an awful lot of Zulus hold very urban jobs, and are very modernized. Also added a bit more on Zulu music, and mentioned that Zulu people are the most numerous ethnic group in the country. User:Kierano 14h36 , 1 Oct 2004 (UTC) ---- I've qualified the mention of some Zulu musicians going uncredited by white musicians who have used or covered their music. The background to the various cover versions of Mbube/Wimoweh/The Lion Sleeps Tonight is extremely complex. However, Pete Seeger, who did the original Western version (an instrumental, as part of The Weavers) was keen to have Solomon Linda credited and paid royalties, although he wasn't enitrely succesful. Some later groups and singers who covered it assumed it to be a traditional folk song in the public domain. There's a good article about the endless difficulties assosciated with the song linked on the Wimoweh page. --User:MockTurtle 17:49, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC) == Possible Vandalism ? == I don't mean to trouble the author however it seems someone has vandalized this page. Would anyone know how to report this or would leaving a message on the Discussion Page be sufficient ? User:64.12.116.136, 18:46, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC) *It's fixed. The person who did it was apparently at a middle school in Michigan. They have been warned that if this happens again we will have to cut off their editing privileges. -- User:Jmabel | User talk:Jmabel 19:20, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC) == Population == Do we have any citations on population numbers? -- User:Jmabel | User talk:Jmabel 19:57, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC) : From [http://www.southafrica.info/ess_info/sa_glance/demographics/census-main.htm] (which is based on the 2001 census): "Nearly a quarter of the population have isiZulu as their home language. Of the ''10 677 305'' isiZulu speakers, 7 624 284 live in KwaZulu-Natal, 1 902 025 in Gauteng, 822 934 in Mpumalanga, 138 091 in the Free State, and 92 288 in North West." Probably safe to assume that the number of Zulus more or less equals the number of Zulu speakers? [unsigned; User:Elf-friend Mar 4, 2005] ::I would think that it is fair to presume that the number of Zulus should equal or exceed the number of Zulu-language speakers, unless someone can present evidence that any significan number of non-Zulus speak Zulu. -- User:Jmabel | User talk:Jmabel 23:51, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC) ::: Well, probably quite a number of non-Zulus can speak isiZulu, but would in all likelihood not speak it as their home language. User:Elf-friend 00:00, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) (Remembering to sign this time ... :-) ) :::: Most of my friends who are not Zulu, but Pedi, Venda, Xhosa and Ndebele can speak isiZulu as a second language. Even friends from Zimbabwe who have never been to South Africa can speak isiZulu. --User:Jcw69 17:37, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) ::::: Interesting. But on a census, would they describe themselves as Zulu speakers? I speak Spanish pretty well, but I'd certainly never describe myself to a census-taker as a Spanish-speaker. -- User:Jmabel | User talk:Jmabel 20:40, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC) :::::: Please note that the census tallied people who speak it as their home language, not those who speak it as their second (or third or fourth or ...) language. I think it is ''very'' safe to assume that people who speak it as their home language are (with very few exceptions, such as multi-cultural marriages (to coin a phrase)) Zulus. User:Elf-friend 21:56, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC) ==History== I've added a history section (long overdue, I think!) Most of the information comes from other pages on specific topics (I've added lots of cross-links). There are still a few gaps, however: I'm not too sure of the situation between the end of the Anglo-Zulu war, and the creation of Zululand. I'm also not too sure of the facts around Dingane's murder of Piet Retief and co (but someone should probably mention that, too). (User:Kierano 12 April 2005)


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Words begining with Zulu:

Zulu
Zulu
Zulu,_King_Of_The_Dwarf_People
Zulugrid
Zulugrid
Zululand
Zulus
Zulus
Zulu_(disambiguation)
Zulu_(film)
Zulu_(film)
Zulu_(movie)
Zulu_Civil_War
Zulu_Civil_War
Zulu_Dawn
Zulu_Dawn
Zulu_kaNtombhela
Zulu_kings
Zulu_language
Zulu_language
Zulu_Massacre
Zulu_music
Zulu_music
Zulu_mythology
Zulu_Nation
Zulu_parade
Zulu_Social_Aid_&_Pleasure_Club
Zulu_Social_Aid_and_Pleasure_Club
Zulu_stick_fighting
Zulu_time
Zulu_War
Zulu_War
Zulu_war


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