
:''This article is about the German resistance movement. For the symbol of the House of York, see White Rose of York. For garden stores once existed in Ontario, see White Rose (gardening stores), For the film, see Die Weiße Rose (film).'' [[Image:WhiteRose.jpg|thumb|300px|Hans and Sophie Scholl and Christoph Probst, executed for participation in a resistance movement against the Nazi regime through White Rose.]] The White Rose Society (German language, Die Weiße Rose) was a World War II-era resistance movement in Germany calling for nonviolent resistance against the Nazi Germany. The group of Munich students released six leaflets from June 1942 to February 1943. A seventh leaflet, which may have been prepared, was never released because the group was captured by the Gestapo. The White Rose consisted of five students, all in their early twenties, at Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich. Hans Scholl and his sister Sophie Scholl led the rest of the group, including Christoph Probst, Alexander Schmorell and Willi Graf. They were joined by a professor, Kurt Huber, who drafted the final two leaflets. The men of White Rose were World War II veterans, who had fought on the Battle of France and Eastern Front (WWII). They were influenced by the German Youth Movement, of which Hans Scholl and Christoph Probst were members. They had witnessed the German atrocities, both on the battlefield and during the Holocaust, and sensed that the reversal of fortunes that the Wehrmacht suffered at Battle of Stalingrad would eventually lead to Germany's defeat. They rejected the Prussia (state) militarism of Adolf Hitler's Germany and believed in a federated Europe that adhered to Christianity principles of tolerance and justice. Quoting extensively from the Bible, Lao Zi, Aristotle and Novalis, as well as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller, they appealed to what they considered the German intelligentsia, believing that they would be intrinsically opposed to Nazism. At first, the leaflets were sent out in mass mailings from different cities in Bavaria and Austria, since the members believed that southern Germany would be more receptive to their anti-militarist message. Following an extended lull in activities after mid-July 1942, the White Rose took a more vigorous stance against Hitler in February 1943, issuing the final two leaflets and painting anti-Nazi slogans throughout Munich, most notably on the gates of the university. The shift in their position is obvious from the heading of their new leaflets, which now read, "The Resistance Movement in Germany". The sixth leaflet was distributed in the university on February 18, 1943 to coincide with students leaving their lectures. With almost all of the leaflets distributed in prominent places, Sophie Scholl made the headstrong decision of climbing the stairs to the top of the atrium and dropping the final leaflets onto the students below. She was spotted by a caretaker, who was a member of the Nazi party, and arrested together with her brother. The other active members were soon rounded up and the group and everyone associated with them were brought in for questioning. The Scholls and Probst were the first to stand trial, on February 22, 1943. They were found guilty of treason. Roland Freisler (the Supreme Judge of the People's Court of Germany) sentenced them to be executed by guillotine that same day. The other key members of the group were also beheaded later that summer. Friends and colleagues of the White Rose, who helped in the preparation and distribution of leaflets and in collecting money for the widow and young children of Probst, were sentenced to prison terms ranging from six months to ten years. With the fall of Nazi Germany, the White Rose came to represent opposition to tyranny in the German psyche, seen to have been without interest in personal power or self-aggrandizement. Their story became so well-known that the composer Carl Orff claimed (by some accounts [http://www.h-net.org/~german/articles/dennis1.html] falsely) to his Allied interrogators that he was a founding member of the White Rose and was released. While he was personally acquainted with Huber, there is a lack of other evidence (other than Orff's word) that Orff was involved in the movement, and he may well have made his claim to escape imprisonment. The square where the central hall of Munich University is located has been named "Geschwister-Scholl-Platz" after Hans and Sophie Scholl, the square next to it "Professor-Huber-Platz." Many schools, streets and places all over Germany were named in memory of the members of the White Rose. The group's activities were the subject of two German films: ''Die Weiße Rose (film)'' from 1982, directed by Michael Verhoeven and released in the United States (subtitled) as "The White Rose"; and ''Sophie Scholl - Die letzten Tage (film)'' from 2005, directed by Marc Rothemund. ==See also== * Widerstand * List of nonviolence scholars and leaders * Swing Kids * Edelweiss Pirates * ''Die Gedanken sind frei'' - Sophie is said to have played it to her father when he was in prison. ==External links== * * * [http://www.jlrweb.com/whiterose/ The White Rose (Die Weiße Rose)] (more information) ** [http://www.jlrweb.com/whiterose/leaflets.html The leaflets of the White Rose] * [http://www.bruderhof.com/articles/white-rose.htm The legacy of the White Rose] * [http://www.historyplace.com/pointsofview/white-rose1.htm Memories of the White Rose] * [http://www.holocaust-history.org/short-essays/white-rose.shtml Essay on the White Rose] * [http://www.shoaheducation.com/whiterose.html The White Rose] White Rose 1917 births 1943 deaths World War II resistance movements National liberation movements
== moved from article == ' With the fall of Nazi Germany, the White Rose came to represent the purest form of opposition to tyranny, with no interest in personal power (sociology) or self-aggrandizement. Their story became so well-known that the composer Carl Orff, attempting to justify his remaining in Germany during the war, claimed to his Allied interrogators that he was a founding member of the White Rose and released. While he was personally acquainted with Huber, there is no evidence that Orff was in any way involved in the movement, and he most likely made his claim to escape imprisonment. ' :I would like to see some documentation of this, and even if it is provided the POV, assumptions and general maligning of Mr. Orff will need to be removed. User:Sam Spade http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=User_talk:Sam_Spade&action=edit§ion=new Spade 18:34, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC) ::http://www.h-net.org/~german/articles/dennis1.html ; A more detailed account of Orff's connections to the Nazis belongs into his encyclopedia entry. Appart from the wishy-washy first sentence, the rest can probably be re-added to the article. - User:Snoyes 18:45, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC) ::Please also list the "POV, assumptions, and general maligning". - User:Snoyes 18:48, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC) :::I don't see this passage as POV. As for the specifics, if it's not generally accepted then it should be sourced to the Kater article. When it's restored to the article, the word "was" should be inserted before "released". User:JamesMLane 23:40, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC) == Excessive linking == I just deleted a bunch of internal links on ordinary, well recognised, English words ... before reverting these please read Wikipedia:Make only links relevant to the context. Note that for links to be helpful they should be relevant to the context of the current article. Links to broad and general concept definitions do not fall in that category. :Having read the page you cite, and also the comments disagreeing with it, I'm restoring the link to treason. There are other links that have some value, but this is the one I feel strongly about. One can make a colorable argument for either side of the charge that these students were guilty of treason, and the reader might want an elaboration of the concept. In fact, the article on treason could usefully be expanded by consideration of cases such as this one, in which someone acts in the interests of the nation but against the commands of the regime now in power. User:JamesMLane 17:44, 22 Jun 2004 (UTC) == Why a link to goat.cx? == Above the display of the article is a `you have new messages' link which takes me to www.goat.cx. It isn't above other articles. And it doesn't appear in the articles source. :That was vandalism and has been removed. If you see it appear again, remove it again. User:JamesMLane 17:44, 22 Jun 2004 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with White_Rose:
White_Rose
White_Rose
White_Rose_of_Stalingrad
White_Rose_of_York
White_Rose_Society
White_Rose_Varsity_Tournament
White Rose
:''This article is about the German resistance movement. For the symbol of the House of York, see White Rose of York. For garden stores once existed in Ontario, see White Rose (gardening stores), For the film, see Die Weiße Rose (film).'' [[Image:WhiteRose.jpg|thumb|300px|Hans and Sophie Scholl and Christoph Probst, executed for participation in a resistance movement against the Nazi regime through White Rose.]] The White Rose Society (German language, Die Weiße Rose) was a World War II-era resistance movement in Germany calling for nonviolent resistance against the Nazi Germany. The group of Munich students released six leaflets from June 1942 to February 1943. A seventh leaflet, which may have been prepared, was never released because the group was captured by the Gestapo. The White Rose consisted of five students, all in their early twenties, at Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich. Hans Scholl and his sister Sophie Scholl led the rest of the group, including Christoph Probst, Alexander Schmorell and Willi Graf. They were joined by a professor, Kurt Huber, who drafted the final two leaflets. The men of White Rose were World War II veterans, who had fought on the Battle of France and Eastern Front (WWII). They were influenced by the German Youth Movement, of which Hans Scholl and Christoph Probst were members. They had witnessed the German atrocities, both on the battlefield and during the Holocaust, and sensed that the reversal of fortunes that the Wehrmacht suffered at Battle of Stalingrad would eventually lead to Germany's defeat. They rejected the Prussia (state) militarism of Adolf Hitler's Germany and believed in a federated Europe that adhered to Christianity principles of tolerance and justice. Quoting extensively from the Bible, Lao Zi, Aristotle and Novalis, as well as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller, they appealed to what they considered the German intelligentsia, believing that they would be intrinsically opposed to Nazism. At first, the leaflets were sent out in mass mailings from different cities in Bavaria and Austria, since the members believed that southern Germany would be more receptive to their anti-militarist message. Following an extended lull in activities after mid-July 1942, the White Rose took a more vigorous stance against Hitler in February 1943, issuing the final two leaflets and painting anti-Nazi slogans throughout Munich, most notably on the gates of the university. The shift in their position is obvious from the heading of their new leaflets, which now read, "The Resistance Movement in Germany". The sixth leaflet was distributed in the university on February 18, 1943 to coincide with students leaving their lectures. With almost all of the leaflets distributed in prominent places, Sophie Scholl made the headstrong decision of climbing the stairs to the top of the atrium and dropping the final leaflets onto the students below. She was spotted by a caretaker, who was a member of the Nazi party, and arrested together with her brother. The other active members were soon rounded up and the group and everyone associated with them were brought in for questioning. The Scholls and Probst were the first to stand trial, on February 22, 1943. They were found guilty of treason. Roland Freisler (the Supreme Judge of the People's Court of Germany) sentenced them to be executed by guillotine that same day. The other key members of the group were also beheaded later that summer. Friends and colleagues of the White Rose, who helped in the preparation and distribution of leaflets and in collecting money for the widow and young children of Probst, were sentenced to prison terms ranging from six months to ten years. With the fall of Nazi Germany, the White Rose came to represent opposition to tyranny in the German psyche, seen to have been without interest in personal power or self-aggrandizement. Their story became so well-known that the composer Carl Orff claimed (by some accounts [http://www.h-net.org/~german/articles/dennis1.html] falsely) to his Allied interrogators that he was a founding member of the White Rose and was released. While he was personally acquainted with Huber, there is a lack of other evidence (other than Orff's word) that Orff was involved in the movement, and he may well have made his claim to escape imprisonment. The square where the central hall of Munich University is located has been named "Geschwister-Scholl-Platz" after Hans and Sophie Scholl, the square next to it "Professor-Huber-Platz." Many schools, streets and places all over Germany were named in memory of the members of the White Rose. The group's activities were the subject of two German films: ''Die Weiße Rose (film)'' from 1982, directed by Michael Verhoeven and released in the United States (subtitled) as "The White Rose"; and ''Sophie Scholl - Die letzten Tage (film)'' from 2005, directed by Marc Rothemund. ==See also== * Widerstand * List of nonviolence scholars and leaders * Swing Kids * Edelweiss Pirates * ''Die Gedanken sind frei'' - Sophie is said to have played it to her father when he was in prison. ==External links== * * * [http://www.jlrweb.com/whiterose/ The White Rose (Die Weiße Rose)] (more information) ** [http://www.jlrweb.com/whiterose/leaflets.html The leaflets of the White Rose] * [http://www.bruderhof.com/articles/white-rose.htm The legacy of the White Rose] * [http://www.historyplace.com/pointsofview/white-rose1.htm Memories of the White Rose] * [http://www.holocaust-history.org/short-essays/white-rose.shtml Essay on the White Rose] * [http://www.shoaheducation.com/whiterose.html The White Rose] White Rose 1917 births 1943 deaths World War II resistance movements National liberation movements
White Rose
== moved from article == ' With the fall of Nazi Germany, the White Rose came to represent the purest form of opposition to tyranny, with no interest in personal power (sociology) or self-aggrandizement. Their story became so well-known that the composer Carl Orff, attempting to justify his remaining in Germany during the war, claimed to his Allied interrogators that he was a founding member of the White Rose and released. While he was personally acquainted with Huber, there is no evidence that Orff was in any way involved in the movement, and he most likely made his claim to escape imprisonment. ' :I would like to see some documentation of this, and even if it is provided the POV, assumptions and general maligning of Mr. Orff will need to be removed. User:Sam Spade http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=User_talk:Sam_Spade&action=edit§ion=new Spade 18:34, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC) ::http://www.h-net.org/~german/articles/dennis1.html ; A more detailed account of Orff's connections to the Nazis belongs into his encyclopedia entry. Appart from the wishy-washy first sentence, the rest can probably be re-added to the article. - User:Snoyes 18:45, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC) ::Please also list the "POV, assumptions, and general maligning". - User:Snoyes 18:48, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC) :::I don't see this passage as POV. As for the specifics, if it's not generally accepted then it should be sourced to the Kater article. When it's restored to the article, the word "was" should be inserted before "released". User:JamesMLane 23:40, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC) == Excessive linking == I just deleted a bunch of internal links on ordinary, well recognised, English words ... before reverting these please read Wikipedia:Make only links relevant to the context. Note that for links to be helpful they should be relevant to the context of the current article. Links to broad and general concept definitions do not fall in that category. :Having read the page you cite, and also the comments disagreeing with it, I'm restoring the link to treason. There are other links that have some value, but this is the one I feel strongly about. One can make a colorable argument for either side of the charge that these students were guilty of treason, and the reader might want an elaboration of the concept. In fact, the article on treason could usefully be expanded by consideration of cases such as this one, in which someone acts in the interests of the nation but against the commands of the regime now in power. User:JamesMLane 17:44, 22 Jun 2004 (UTC) == Why a link to goat.cx? == Above the display of the article is a `you have new messages' link which takes me to www.goat.cx. It isn't above other articles. And it doesn't appear in the articles source. :That was vandalism and has been removed. If you see it appear again, remove it again. User:JamesMLane 17:44, 22 Jun 2004 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
W
WA | WB | WC | WD | WE | WF | WG | WH | WI | WJ | WK | WL | WM | WN | WO | WP | WR | WS | WT | WU | WX | WY | WZ |Words begining with White_Rose:
White_Rose
White_Rose
White_Rose_of_Stalingrad
White_Rose_of_York
White_Rose_Society
White_Rose_Varsity_Tournament
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