
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin:0.5em;" !colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#336699" | University of Tartu |- |colspan="2" align=center | |- !colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#336699" | Data |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Estonian || bgcolor="#efefef" | Tartu Ülikool |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Latin || bgcolor="#efefef" | Universitas Tartuensis |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Established || bgcolor="#efefef" | 1632 |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Location || bgcolor="#efefef" | Tartu, Estonia (EU) |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Enrolment || bgcolor="#efefef" | circa 18,500 |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Rector || bgcolor="#efefef" | Prof. Jaak Aaviksoo |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Address || bgcolor="#efefef" | Ülikooli 18
50090 Tartu
Estonia |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Phone || bgcolor="#efefef" | +372-737-5100 |- |bgcolor="#888888" | E-mail || bgcolor="#efefef" | proffice@ut.ee |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Homepage || bgcolor="#efefef" | http://www.ut.ee |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Membership || bgcolor="#efefef" | EUA, Coimbra Group |- !colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#336699" | Map |- |colspan="2" align=center |
Tartu in Estonia |- |} The University of Tartu (Estonian: ''Tartu Ülikool'', German: ''Universität Dorpat'') is the national university of Estonia, and the one classical university in Estonia, located in the city of Tartu. The university is a member of the Coimbra Group and was established by King Gustav II Adolph of Sweden in 1632. At different times during its hitory the University of Tartu was known as ''Academia Gustaviana'', ''University of Dorpat'', ''(Kaiserliche) Universität (zu) Dorpat'', and ''University of Yuryev/Jurjev''. ==History== Founded by the Swedes as part of their colonial policy in just-conquered Livonia, the ''Academia Gustaviana'' was the second university founded in Swedish-ruled territory, following Uppsala University. A precursor to the academy had been a Jesuit grammar school, existing between 1583 and 1601, when Tartu (Dorpat) was under Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth rule. Struggling until 1710 and being removed to Pärnu in the end, the university was refounded in 1802 by order of the at that time reform-minded Emperor Alexander I of Russia, of Russia to which Livonia then belonged. The language of instruction at Dorpat was German between 1802 and 1893. During that time, Dorpat had a dual nature in that it belonged both to the set of German(-language) and Russian universities. Financially and administratively, the latter was more important; intellectually and regarding the professoriate, the former (over half the professors came from Germany, another third at least were Baltic German). In fact, among the 30 German-language universities, of which 23 were inside the German Empire, Dorpat was the 11th in size. In teaching, the university educated the local Baltic-German leadership and professional classes as well as staff especially for the administration and health system of the entire Russian Empire. In scholarship, it was an international university; the time between 1860 and 1880 was its "golden age". The freedom to be a half-German university ceased with the rise of nationalist tendencies in Russia, which held homogenization more important than retaining one university at the international level within the Empire. Between 1882 and 1898, Russification in language, appointments, etc., was imposed, with some exceptions (such as the Divinity School, which was feared to teach dangerous Protestant views by the Orthodox clergy and thus was allowed to continue in German until 1916). In 1898, the university was renamed Jurjev; by then, virtually all distinguished scholars from Germany had left. The University of Juryev existed until 1918, when during part of the Fall Term, it was reopened, under German occupation, as Dorpat. Russian academic staff and students took refuge in Voronezh in Russia, giving rise to the foundation of Voronezh State University, which traces its own history back to the foundation of the University of Tartu and still holds several physical properties of the latter. In 1919, the University of Tartu was established as an Estonian institution; it stayed open until 1940. In 1940, it became Soviet, and 1941-44, it was again under German occupation and again called Dorpat. Since 1944, it has been the University of Tartu (1940-1941 and 1944-1989 "Tartu State University"). During the second period of Russian (Soviet) occupation (1944-1991), Estonian was the principal language of instruction, although some courses were taught in Russian, and there were several Russian curricula. To a lesser degree, this is still true today, after regaining of Estonian national independence. The full recovery of academic autonomy of the University can be dated to 1992. The history of the last decade has been marked by organizational and structural changes, as well as adaptions to various university models (American, Scandinavian, German) against the background of the Soviet and Baltic German past. Most recently and still currently, the University is marked by the peculiar adaption of the Bologna declaration in Estonia generally and Tartu specifically, leading to major changes in curricula and studies, as well as by strong organizational centralization attempts. ==Buildings== The University’s four museums, its Botanical Gardens, and sports facilities are, by and large, open to the general public. The University possesses some 150 buildings, 30 of which are outside of Tartu. 31 of its buildings decorate the city as architectural monuments. At the same time, there are numerous recently constructed/renovated university buildings and student dormitories. ==Research== At the University of Tartu, more than 3,300 publications are produced every year. About half of all publications by Estonian scientists in journals (those covered by citation indexes like "SCI Expanded", "SSCI" or "A&HCI") are written by Tartu authors. According to the university itself, the most remarkable recent research achievements have been in the fields of molecular and cell biology, gene technology, immunology, pharmacology, laser medicine, materials science, laser spectroscopy, biochemistry, environment technology, computer linguistics, psychology, and semiotics. The university has begun to cooperate with private enterprises, and has started to be the nucleus of the development of spin-off firms. ==Faculty and Alumni== ===Notable Lecturers & Professors=== ====Nobel laureate==== *Wilhelm Ostwald, Nobel Prize in Chemistry ====Humanities and Social Sciences==== *Jüri Allik, psychologist *Walter Anderson, folklorist *Karl Bucher, economist and anthropologist *Vladimir Dahl, lexicographer *Wolfgang Drechsler, public administration scholar and political philosopher *Gustav von Ewers, legal historian *Lazar Gulkowitsch, Jewish Studies scholar, supported by Albert Einstein *Theodosius Harnack, Lutheran theologian *Siim Kallas, economist and politician (EU Commissioner; former Prime Minister) *Emil Kraepelin, psychologist *Jaan Kross, writer *Etienne Laspeyres, economist and statistician *Wilhelm Lexis, economist, insurance scholar *Yuri Lotman, semiotician *Alexander von Oettingen, Lutheran theologian, famous as statistics theoretician *Ludwig Preller, philologist and antiquarian *Rein Taagepera, political scientist *Grigol Tsereteli, classicist and papyrologist *Adolph Wagner, economist and social policy scholar ====Natural Science==== *Jaan Einasto, astrophysicist *Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, biologist and explorer *Germain Henri Hess, chemist *Matthias Jakob Schleiden, botanist *Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve, astronomer ===Notable Students=== *Karl Ernst von Baer, zoologist and "father" of embryology *Anton Hansen Tammsaare, eminent Estonian writer *Adolf von Harnack, Protestant theologian and science administrator *Nicolai Hartmann, philosopher *Paul Keres, chess player *Alberts Kviesis, Latvian statesman *Heinrich Lenz, physicist *Lennart Meri, Estonian politician *Leo Michelson, painter *Juhan Parts, one-time Prime Minister of Estonia (Res Publica) *Grigol Robakidze, Georgia (country) writer *Leopold von Schrenck (1826-1894), zoologist, geographer and ethnographer *Otto Strandman, former Estonian Prime Minister and Head of State *Valentin Tomberg, "mystic" and "magician" === Honorary Doctorates === * Umberto Eco, semiotician and novelist * Otto Kaiser, Protestant theologian * Arvo Pärt, classical composer * Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama ==Academic co-operation== The University has signed cooperation agreements with 30 universities and research institutions abroad, and 140 contracts for international student and teacher exchange projects within the framework of the EU's "Erasmus programme". At present, nearly 400 foreign exchange students from 27 countries study at the University. The vast majority comes from Finland, Sweden, Latvia, Russia, the United States of America, and Germany. The University of Tartu has co-operation agreements with the following universities at the time. These cooperation agreements can include student exchange programmes. European Union * University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands * University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany * University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden * University of Granada, Spain * Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany * Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany * University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany * University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland * University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia * University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium * Lund University, Lund, Sweden * University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands * University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany * University of Münster, Münster, Germany * University of Turku, Turku, Finland * Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden * Vaasa University, Vaasa, Finland * University of Vilnius, Vilnius, Lithuania Others * University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada * Waseda University, Japan * University of Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg, Russia * University of Georgia, USA * University of North Carolina, Greensboro, USA ==Bibliography== *''Alma Mater Tartuensis (1632-1982)'' (1982). Tullio Ilomets and Hillar Palamets, eds. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat. *Engelhardt, Roderich von (1933). ''Die deutsche Universität Dorpat in ihrer geistesgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. München: Ernst Reinhardt. *Mägi, Reet and Wolfgang Drechsler, eds. (2004). ''Kaiserliche Universität Dorpat 200 – Academia Gustaviana 370 – The Jubilee of the University of Tartu.'' Tartu: Tartu University Press. *Semel, Hugo, ed. (1918). ''Die Universität Dorpat (1802-1918)''. Dorpat: Laakmann. ==See also:== * Estonia * Tallinn University of Technology * City of Tartu ==External links== * [http://www.ut.ee/index.aw/set_lang_id=2 University of Tartu] * [http://www.pc.ut.ee/default.php?1 University of Tartu - Pärnu College] * [http://www.cut.ee/eng/ Tartu University Hospital] * [http://www.kyla.ee/eng/ Tartu Student Village] * [http://www.utlib.ee/ Tartu University Library] * [http://www.tartu.ee City of Tartu] * [http://www.coimbra-group.be Coimbra Group] (a network of European research universities) Universities and colleges in Estonia ISBN needed
Good job, Clossius! User:Andres 11:01, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) ==Name== : In 1893, the Russian (official) name of Tartu was changed from Derpt to Yuryev. The name of the university became Yuryevskii Imperatorskii Universitet. : To me, the names of the University in the article are not clear enough, as you cite just the names of the city. User:Andres 11:15, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) :: The University of Tartu is indeed called "national university" (''rahvusülikool''). But I suspect that formulated like that, the meaning is not clear enough. Probably this should be explained. User:Andres 11:27, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) ::: I forgot to say that there is a concept of "the" national university, which is separate from the self-styled (and highly problematic) designation of Tartu as 'rahvusülikool'', which also has some other implications and is perhaps something of an oxymoron, if not literally in Estonian. And I think TÜ is that, at least still for now. :::: I don't object but I think this needs explanation. For example, I don't know what this means. Does this imply that the University of Tartu is the only University in Estonia? ::::: No I don't, but it clearly is the only full and all-encompassing university, because the Tallinn rectors and presidents in 1993 were all too vain to give up their fiefdoms and create a ''real'' University of Tallinn, more's the pity. TTU is a very serious research university in many if not most of their fields, only these are limited. I agree "national university" is a vague term, but it has to stay vague to be serviceable; if you'd insist on more explanation, I would replace it with some phrase like "the only classical university in EE" or some such.User:Clossius 06:39, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) :::::: Maybe you could just add "the only classical university in EE" to "national university". The University of Tallinn is coming, but without TTU. I think more explanations could be in the body of the article. User:Andres 08:37, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) ::::::: You may add that if you want; I myself don't think it's necessary, so why should I do it, but you can. Tallinn U is not coming at all, except in name; TTU is i.m.h.o. the only serious university structure in Tallinn (excepting some specialized schools on the university level). User:Clossius 09:06, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) :::::::: OK, I added it though I don't know if this is the best solution. User:Andres 10:55, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) ==Students and Professors== *1. On students and faculty, it's common to list those who are both only as faculty, which is why I deleted Marjustin from the student list and moved Kallas up (formal professor- and dotsentships). As regards Keres (and other cases that may come up), I think the biography article should then be updated as well and Tartu included. : OK, you are right. I was not aware that Kallas taught here, and did not notice him. I'll expand the article about Keres. ==Gustaviana== *2. I would stay with "Academia Gustaviana"; this is really how it was called, and the Charles addition only obscures (cf. Piirimäe & Co.) : The names were different, because Academia Gustaviana closed in Tartu in 1656 (and then worked in Tallinn until 1665). In 1690 it reopened as Academia Gustavo-Carolina (or Academia Gustaviana Carolina; I am at loss, I don't know which is right; after Carl XI). This is as much I know. I think it would be better to cite the old names of the University inside the text, bold. :: But in 1690 it was already in Pärnu, no? I thought thus that it might get too tricky. But ok. ::: No, it was in Tartu until 1699, then it went to Pärnu. I'll expand on this in the article. :::: If you get too detailed, you should write a separate entry on "pre-history" or "early history", which is why I kept this segment as succinct as possible. In the end, the Academy history is partially "constructed" (one might as well have taken the Jesuit grammar school); the serious history starts at 1802. That doesn't mean one shouldn't (eventually) be detailed about the Gustaviana, but not where people start to read about Tartu.User:Clossius 06:39, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) ::::: Yes, a separate entry about Academia Gustaviana could be created. On the other side, it would be more natural to start the article from the University of today, and give its history as a separate section. Then that prehistory would be a subsection. In the beginning it could only ne mentioned 1632 and 1802. User:Andres 08:37, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) :::::: I agree; after the first quick intro. (including the historical names to show those led here by reference that this is indeed Dorpat, etc.), there should come a brief characterization of today's TU, and then the history - and in such a case, of course, we could also leave and even expand the Academy times.User:Clossius 09:06, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) ::::::: Yes. ==Names again== *3. I would always transliterate Jurjev, both in German and in English; why did you change it to Yuryev? The point is, in almost all literature on the field, and especially on the imprints of books that are likely to be read (Mattiesen, Acta et Commentationes etc.), it is spelled Jurjev, and thus people would look for that. I would if anything put a referral page to Yuryev and Univ. of Yuryev. User:Clossius 11:35, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) : The problem is that the transliterations of Юрьевъ are different. In Estonian it would be ''Jurjev'', in German ''Jurjew'', in English ''Yuryev''. There are other transliteration systems, and an ''international'' one used in humanities renders ю as 'ju'. However, both in the English Wikipedia and Britannica they write "Yuri" (Yuri Gagarin, Yuri Lotman as you yourself write). :: I noticed that *smile*. In Britannica, Tartu is Yuryev. (By the way, Zhirinovski just said that Tartu will be Yuryev after he becomes the Presidents by the next elections.) In Britannica, the former name of Tartu is cited as "Yuryev". There appears to be a cleavage between the scientific use and the common use. It is possible to cite both forms but probably better in the article Tartu. :: Ok. : Anyway, we should have redirection pages for both "University of Yuryev" and "University of Jurjev", since the title of the article is "University of Tartu". Then there will be no difficulty of finding, even when someone knows only the form ''Jurjev''. User:Andres 13:23, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) :: Absolutely agree. ::: I made the redirection page for the form "University of Yuryev". User:Andres 20:01, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) ==Clarification and Deletion== I clarified "Baltic" to "Baltic German" (obviously it was not obvious, in spite of the context). There was a raving paragraph that I deleted in its entirety - in segments for the following reasons: ''The university is also fairly well known among local scholars for its contradictive style in many respects, namely for calling itself the University of Tartu versus Tartu University, which is the name structure given to older universities. No one has ever heard of the University of Oxford.'' Sheer nonsense - first, traditional universities named after places generally go by "University of X", and so the offical designation of Oxford is, as we can see here, University of Oxford and not "Oxford University". Second, and accordingly, Tartu Ülikool has always an exclusively called itself "University of Tartu"; "Tartu University" is occasionally used by outsiders or visitors who do not know the general nor the specific tradition. ''This web page is another example, as it uses both American and British English.'' Which website? This entry? This is very obviously not put up by TU. ''While cheating is rampant throughout courses and exam sessions, the students still sport a highly arrogant face and the fraternities all wear Village People-style gay hats. One local fratboy dressed up as a woman once and now no one can speak to him for ninety-nine years. Sheer malignance... somebody didn't get in, or what? Indeed, the Fraternity and Sorority system in Tartu can be criticized and questioned easily and fruitfully, but not this way in an encyclopedia entry. User:Clossius 21:05, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)
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{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin:0.5em;" !colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#336699" | University of Tartu |- |colspan="2" align=center | |- !colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#336699" | Data |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Estonian || bgcolor="#efefef" | Tartu Ülikool |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Latin || bgcolor="#efefef" | Universitas Tartuensis |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Established || bgcolor="#efefef" | 1632 |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Location || bgcolor="#efefef" | Tartu, Estonia (EU) |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Enrolment || bgcolor="#efefef" | circa 18,500 |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Rector || bgcolor="#efefef" | Prof. Jaak Aaviksoo |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Address || bgcolor="#efefef" | Ülikooli 18
50090 Tartu
Estonia |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Phone || bgcolor="#efefef" | +372-737-5100 |- |bgcolor="#888888" | E-mail || bgcolor="#efefef" | proffice@ut.ee |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Homepage || bgcolor="#efefef" | http://www.ut.ee |- |bgcolor="#888888" | Membership || bgcolor="#efefef" | EUA, Coimbra Group |- !colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#336699" | Map |- |colspan="2" align=center |
Tartu in Estonia |- |} The University of Tartu (Estonian: ''Tartu Ülikool'', German: ''Universität Dorpat'') is the national university of Estonia, and the one classical university in Estonia, located in the city of Tartu. The university is a member of the Coimbra Group and was established by King Gustav II Adolph of Sweden in 1632. At different times during its hitory the University of Tartu was known as ''Academia Gustaviana'', ''University of Dorpat'', ''(Kaiserliche) Universität (zu) Dorpat'', and ''University of Yuryev/Jurjev''. ==History== Founded by the Swedes as part of their colonial policy in just-conquered Livonia, the ''Academia Gustaviana'' was the second university founded in Swedish-ruled territory, following Uppsala University. A precursor to the academy had been a Jesuit grammar school, existing between 1583 and 1601, when Tartu (Dorpat) was under Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth rule. Struggling until 1710 and being removed to Pärnu in the end, the university was refounded in 1802 by order of the at that time reform-minded Emperor Alexander I of Russia, of Russia to which Livonia then belonged. The language of instruction at Dorpat was German between 1802 and 1893. During that time, Dorpat had a dual nature in that it belonged both to the set of German(-language) and Russian universities. Financially and administratively, the latter was more important; intellectually and regarding the professoriate, the former (over half the professors came from Germany, another third at least were Baltic German). In fact, among the 30 German-language universities, of which 23 were inside the German Empire, Dorpat was the 11th in size. In teaching, the university educated the local Baltic-German leadership and professional classes as well as staff especially for the administration and health system of the entire Russian Empire. In scholarship, it was an international university; the time between 1860 and 1880 was its "golden age". The freedom to be a half-German university ceased with the rise of nationalist tendencies in Russia, which held homogenization more important than retaining one university at the international level within the Empire. Between 1882 and 1898, Russification in language, appointments, etc., was imposed, with some exceptions (such as the Divinity School, which was feared to teach dangerous Protestant views by the Orthodox clergy and thus was allowed to continue in German until 1916). In 1898, the university was renamed Jurjev; by then, virtually all distinguished scholars from Germany had left. The University of Juryev existed until 1918, when during part of the Fall Term, it was reopened, under German occupation, as Dorpat. Russian academic staff and students took refuge in Voronezh in Russia, giving rise to the foundation of Voronezh State University, which traces its own history back to the foundation of the University of Tartu and still holds several physical properties of the latter. In 1919, the University of Tartu was established as an Estonian institution; it stayed open until 1940. In 1940, it became Soviet, and 1941-44, it was again under German occupation and again called Dorpat. Since 1944, it has been the University of Tartu (1940-1941 and 1944-1989 "Tartu State University"). During the second period of Russian (Soviet) occupation (1944-1991), Estonian was the principal language of instruction, although some courses were taught in Russian, and there were several Russian curricula. To a lesser degree, this is still true today, after regaining of Estonian national independence. The full recovery of academic autonomy of the University can be dated to 1992. The history of the last decade has been marked by organizational and structural changes, as well as adaptions to various university models (American, Scandinavian, German) against the background of the Soviet and Baltic German past. Most recently and still currently, the University is marked by the peculiar adaption of the Bologna declaration in Estonia generally and Tartu specifically, leading to major changes in curricula and studies, as well as by strong organizational centralization attempts. ==Buildings== The University’s four museums, its Botanical Gardens, and sports facilities are, by and large, open to the general public. The University possesses some 150 buildings, 30 of which are outside of Tartu. 31 of its buildings decorate the city as architectural monuments. At the same time, there are numerous recently constructed/renovated university buildings and student dormitories. ==Research== At the University of Tartu, more than 3,300 publications are produced every year. About half of all publications by Estonian scientists in journals (those covered by citation indexes like "SCI Expanded", "SSCI" or "A&HCI") are written by Tartu authors. According to the university itself, the most remarkable recent research achievements have been in the fields of molecular and cell biology, gene technology, immunology, pharmacology, laser medicine, materials science, laser spectroscopy, biochemistry, environment technology, computer linguistics, psychology, and semiotics. The university has begun to cooperate with private enterprises, and has started to be the nucleus of the development of spin-off firms. ==Faculty and Alumni== ===Notable Lecturers & Professors=== ====Nobel laureate==== *Wilhelm Ostwald, Nobel Prize in Chemistry ====Humanities and Social Sciences==== *Jüri Allik, psychologist *Walter Anderson, folklorist *Karl Bucher, economist and anthropologist *Vladimir Dahl, lexicographer *Wolfgang Drechsler, public administration scholar and political philosopher *Gustav von Ewers, legal historian *Lazar Gulkowitsch, Jewish Studies scholar, supported by Albert Einstein *Theodosius Harnack, Lutheran theologian *Siim Kallas, economist and politician (EU Commissioner; former Prime Minister) *Emil Kraepelin, psychologist *Jaan Kross, writer *Etienne Laspeyres, economist and statistician *Wilhelm Lexis, economist, insurance scholar *Yuri Lotman, semiotician *Alexander von Oettingen, Lutheran theologian, famous as statistics theoretician *Ludwig Preller, philologist and antiquarian *Rein Taagepera, political scientist *Grigol Tsereteli, classicist and papyrologist *Adolph Wagner, economist and social policy scholar ====Natural Science==== *Jaan Einasto, astrophysicist *Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, biologist and explorer *Germain Henri Hess, chemist *Matthias Jakob Schleiden, botanist *Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve, astronomer ===Notable Students=== *Karl Ernst von Baer, zoologist and "father" of embryology *Anton Hansen Tammsaare, eminent Estonian writer *Adolf von Harnack, Protestant theologian and science administrator *Nicolai Hartmann, philosopher *Paul Keres, chess player *Alberts Kviesis, Latvian statesman *Heinrich Lenz, physicist *Lennart Meri, Estonian politician *Leo Michelson, painter *Juhan Parts, one-time Prime Minister of Estonia (Res Publica) *Grigol Robakidze, Georgia (country) writer *Leopold von Schrenck (1826-1894), zoologist, geographer and ethnographer *Otto Strandman, former Estonian Prime Minister and Head of State *Valentin Tomberg, "mystic" and "magician" === Honorary Doctorates === * Umberto Eco, semiotician and novelist * Otto Kaiser, Protestant theologian * Arvo Pärt, classical composer * Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama ==Academic co-operation== The University has signed cooperation agreements with 30 universities and research institutions abroad, and 140 contracts for international student and teacher exchange projects within the framework of the EU's "Erasmus programme". At present, nearly 400 foreign exchange students from 27 countries study at the University. The vast majority comes from Finland, Sweden, Latvia, Russia, the United States of America, and Germany. The University of Tartu has co-operation agreements with the following universities at the time. These cooperation agreements can include student exchange programmes. European Union * University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands * University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany * University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden * University of Granada, Spain * Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany * Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany * University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany * University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland * University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia * University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium * Lund University, Lund, Sweden * University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands * University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany * University of Münster, Münster, Germany * University of Turku, Turku, Finland * Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden * Vaasa University, Vaasa, Finland * University of Vilnius, Vilnius, Lithuania Others * University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada * Waseda University, Japan * University of Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg, Russia * University of Georgia, USA * University of North Carolina, Greensboro, USA ==Bibliography== *''Alma Mater Tartuensis (1632-1982)'' (1982). Tullio Ilomets and Hillar Palamets, eds. Tallinn: Eesti Raamat. *Engelhardt, Roderich von (1933). ''Die deutsche Universität Dorpat in ihrer geistesgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. München: Ernst Reinhardt. *Mägi, Reet and Wolfgang Drechsler, eds. (2004). ''Kaiserliche Universität Dorpat 200 – Academia Gustaviana 370 – The Jubilee of the University of Tartu.'' Tartu: Tartu University Press. *Semel, Hugo, ed. (1918). ''Die Universität Dorpat (1802-1918)''. Dorpat: Laakmann. ==See also:== * Estonia * Tallinn University of Technology * City of Tartu ==External links== * [http://www.ut.ee/index.aw/set_lang_id=2 University of Tartu] * [http://www.pc.ut.ee/default.php?1 University of Tartu - Pärnu College] * [http://www.cut.ee/eng/ Tartu University Hospital] * [http://www.kyla.ee/eng/ Tartu Student Village] * [http://www.utlib.ee/ Tartu University Library] * [http://www.tartu.ee City of Tartu] * [http://www.coimbra-group.be Coimbra Group] (a network of European research universities) Universities and colleges in Estonia ISBN needed
University of Tartu
Good job, Clossius! User:Andres 11:01, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) ==Name== : In 1893, the Russian (official) name of Tartu was changed from Derpt to Yuryev. The name of the university became Yuryevskii Imperatorskii Universitet. : To me, the names of the University in the article are not clear enough, as you cite just the names of the city. User:Andres 11:15, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) :: The University of Tartu is indeed called "national university" (''rahvusülikool''). But I suspect that formulated like that, the meaning is not clear enough. Probably this should be explained. User:Andres 11:27, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) ::: I forgot to say that there is a concept of "the" national university, which is separate from the self-styled (and highly problematic) designation of Tartu as 'rahvusülikool'', which also has some other implications and is perhaps something of an oxymoron, if not literally in Estonian. And I think TÜ is that, at least still for now. :::: I don't object but I think this needs explanation. For example, I don't know what this means. Does this imply that the University of Tartu is the only University in Estonia? ::::: No I don't, but it clearly is the only full and all-encompassing university, because the Tallinn rectors and presidents in 1993 were all too vain to give up their fiefdoms and create a ''real'' University of Tallinn, more's the pity. TTU is a very serious research university in many if not most of their fields, only these are limited. I agree "national university" is a vague term, but it has to stay vague to be serviceable; if you'd insist on more explanation, I would replace it with some phrase like "the only classical university in EE" or some such.User:Clossius 06:39, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) :::::: Maybe you could just add "the only classical university in EE" to "national university". The University of Tallinn is coming, but without TTU. I think more explanations could be in the body of the article. User:Andres 08:37, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) ::::::: You may add that if you want; I myself don't think it's necessary, so why should I do it, but you can. Tallinn U is not coming at all, except in name; TTU is i.m.h.o. the only serious university structure in Tallinn (excepting some specialized schools on the university level). User:Clossius 09:06, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) :::::::: OK, I added it though I don't know if this is the best solution. User:Andres 10:55, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) ==Students and Professors== *1. On students and faculty, it's common to list those who are both only as faculty, which is why I deleted Marjustin from the student list and moved Kallas up (formal professor- and dotsentships). As regards Keres (and other cases that may come up), I think the biography article should then be updated as well and Tartu included. : OK, you are right. I was not aware that Kallas taught here, and did not notice him. I'll expand the article about Keres. ==Gustaviana== *2. I would stay with "Academia Gustaviana"; this is really how it was called, and the Charles addition only obscures (cf. Piirimäe & Co.) : The names were different, because Academia Gustaviana closed in Tartu in 1656 (and then worked in Tallinn until 1665). In 1690 it reopened as Academia Gustavo-Carolina (or Academia Gustaviana Carolina; I am at loss, I don't know which is right; after Carl XI). This is as much I know. I think it would be better to cite the old names of the University inside the text, bold. :: But in 1690 it was already in Pärnu, no? I thought thus that it might get too tricky. But ok. ::: No, it was in Tartu until 1699, then it went to Pärnu. I'll expand on this in the article. :::: If you get too detailed, you should write a separate entry on "pre-history" or "early history", which is why I kept this segment as succinct as possible. In the end, the Academy history is partially "constructed" (one might as well have taken the Jesuit grammar school); the serious history starts at 1802. That doesn't mean one shouldn't (eventually) be detailed about the Gustaviana, but not where people start to read about Tartu.User:Clossius 06:39, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) ::::: Yes, a separate entry about Academia Gustaviana could be created. On the other side, it would be more natural to start the article from the University of today, and give its history as a separate section. Then that prehistory would be a subsection. In the beginning it could only ne mentioned 1632 and 1802. User:Andres 08:37, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) :::::: I agree; after the first quick intro. (including the historical names to show those led here by reference that this is indeed Dorpat, etc.), there should come a brief characterization of today's TU, and then the history - and in such a case, of course, we could also leave and even expand the Academy times.User:Clossius 09:06, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC) ::::::: Yes. ==Names again== *3. I would always transliterate Jurjev, both in German and in English; why did you change it to Yuryev? The point is, in almost all literature on the field, and especially on the imprints of books that are likely to be read (Mattiesen, Acta et Commentationes etc.), it is spelled Jurjev, and thus people would look for that. I would if anything put a referral page to Yuryev and Univ. of Yuryev. User:Clossius 11:35, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) : The problem is that the transliterations of Юрьевъ are different. In Estonian it would be ''Jurjev'', in German ''Jurjew'', in English ''Yuryev''. There are other transliteration systems, and an ''international'' one used in humanities renders ю as 'ju'. However, both in the English Wikipedia and Britannica they write "Yuri" (Yuri Gagarin, Yuri Lotman as you yourself write). :: I noticed that *smile*. In Britannica, Tartu is Yuryev. (By the way, Zhirinovski just said that Tartu will be Yuryev after he becomes the Presidents by the next elections.) In Britannica, the former name of Tartu is cited as "Yuryev". There appears to be a cleavage between the scientific use and the common use. It is possible to cite both forms but probably better in the article Tartu. :: Ok. : Anyway, we should have redirection pages for both "University of Yuryev" and "University of Jurjev", since the title of the article is "University of Tartu". Then there will be no difficulty of finding, even when someone knows only the form ''Jurjev''. User:Andres 13:23, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) :: Absolutely agree. ::: I made the redirection page for the form "University of Yuryev". User:Andres 20:01, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) ==Clarification and Deletion== I clarified "Baltic" to "Baltic German" (obviously it was not obvious, in spite of the context). There was a raving paragraph that I deleted in its entirety - in segments for the following reasons: ''The university is also fairly well known among local scholars for its contradictive style in many respects, namely for calling itself the University of Tartu versus Tartu University, which is the name structure given to older universities. No one has ever heard of the University of Oxford.'' Sheer nonsense - first, traditional universities named after places generally go by "University of X", and so the offical designation of Oxford is, as we can see here, University of Oxford and not "Oxford University". Second, and accordingly, Tartu Ülikool has always an exclusively called itself "University of Tartu"; "Tartu University" is occasionally used by outsiders or visitors who do not know the general nor the specific tradition. ''This web page is another example, as it uses both American and British English.'' Which website? This entry? This is very obviously not put up by TU. ''While cheating is rampant throughout courses and exam sessions, the students still sport a highly arrogant face and the fraternities all wear Village People-style gay hats. One local fratboy dressed up as a woman once and now no one can speak to him for ninety-nine years. Sheer malignance... somebody didn't get in, or what? Indeed, the Fraternity and Sorority system in Tartu can be criticized and questioned easily and fruitfully, but not this way in an encyclopedia entry. User:Clossius 21:05, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)
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