Tyre (Arabic language الصور aṣ-Ṣūr native Phoenician languages Ṣur, Latin Tyrus, Akkadian Ṣurru, Tiberian Hebrew צר Ṣōr, Greek language Τύρος Tros, ) is an ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, about 23 miles, in a direct line, north of Acre, Palestine, and 20 south of Sidon. The modern city is still named Sur. The name of the city means 'Rock'. The commerce of the whole world was gathered into the warehouses of Tyre. "Tyrian merchants were the first who ventured to navigate the Mediterranean waters; and they founded their colonies on the coasts and neighbouring islands of the Aegean Sea, in Greece, on the northern coast of Africa, at Carthage and other places, in Sicily and Corsica, in Spain at Tartessus, and even beyond the pillars of Hercules at Gadeira (Cdiz)" (Driver's Isaiah). In the time of David a friendly alliance was entered into between the Hebrews and the Tyrians, who were long ruled over by their native kings. Tyre consisted of two distinct parts, a rocky fortress on the mainland, called "Old Tyre", and the city, built on a small, rocky island about half-a-mile distant from the shore. It was a place of great strength. It was besieged by Shalmaneser III, who was assisted by the Phoenicians of the mainland, for five years, and by Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon (586 BC–573 BC BC) for thirteen years, apparently without success. It afterwards fell under the power of Alexander the Great, after a Siege of Tyre of seven months in which he built a causeway from the mainland to the island, but continued to maintain much of its commercial importance until the Christian era. Here a church was founded soon after the death of Saint Stephen, and Paul of Tarsus, on his return from his third missionary journey, spent a week in conversation with the disciples there. It was captured after the First Crusade and was one of the most important cities of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was part of the royal domain, although there were also autonomous trading colonies there for the Italy merchant cities. The city was the site of an archbishop, a suffragan of the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem; its archbishops often acceded to the Patriarchate. The most notable of the Latin archbishops was the historian William of Tyre. After the fall of Jerusalem to Saladin in 1187, the seat of the kingdom moved to Akko, but coronations were held in Tyre. In the 13th century, Tyre was separated from the royal domain as a separate crusader Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem#Lordship of Tyre. In 1291 it was retaken by the Mameluks. "It is noticed on monuments as early as 1500 BC, and claiming, according to Herodotus, to have been founded about 2700 BC." Philo of Byblos (in Eusebius) quotes the antiquarian authority Sanchuniathon as stating that it was first occupied by one Hypsuranius. Sanchuniathon's work is said to be dedicated to "Abibalus king of Berytus", possibly the Abibaal who was king of Tyre. "It had two ports still existing, and was of commercial importance in all ages, with colonies at Carthage (about 850 BC) and all over the Mediterranean. It was often attacked by Egypt and Assyria, and taken by Alexander the Great after a terrible siege in 332 BC. It is now a town of 3,000 inhabitants, with ancient tombs and a ruined cathedral. A short Phoenician text of the 4th century BC is the only monument yet recovered." The city of Tyre was particularly known for the production of a rare sort of purple dye, known as Tyrian purple. This color was, in many cultures of ancient times, reserved for the use of royalty, or at least nobility. In nineteenth century Britain, Tyre was several times taken as an examplar of the mortality of great power and status - both by John Ruskin in the opening lines of The Stones of Venice, and by Rudyard Kipling's 'Recessional'. ===List of kings of Tyre:=== {| border="1" cellpadding="3" |- |Abibaal|| |- |Hiram I||969 BC–936 BC |- |Baal-Eser I||935 BC–919 BC |- |Abdastrato||918 BC–910 BC |- |Ithobaal I||887 BC–856 BC |- |Baal-Eser II||855 BC–830 BC |- |Mattan I||829 BC–821 BC |- |Pygmalion of Tyre (Pumayyaton)||820 BC–774 BC |- |Ithobaal II||750 BC–740 BC |- |Hiram II||739 BC–730 BC |- |Mattan II||730 BC–729 BC |- |Elulaios (Luli)||729 BC–694 BC |- |Baal I||680 BC–640 BC |- |Ithobaal III||591 BC–573 BC |- |Baal II||573 BC–564 BC |- |Yakinbaal||564 BC |- |Chelbes||564 BC–563 BC |- |Abbar||563 BC–562 BC |- |Mattan III and Ger Ashthari||562 BC–556 BC |- |Baal-Eser III||556 BC–555 BC |- |Mahar-Baal||555 BC–551 BC |- |Hiram III||551 BC–532 BC |} ----- ''Initial text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897 -- Please update as needed - now somewhat updated'' ---- In the fictional Dark Sun universe, Tyr features prominently as a city-state that, fantasy elements notwithstanding, shares much in common with its historical counterpart, including a monopoly over purple dye. Cities and Villages in Lebanon Coastal cities Crusades
==Welcome== Hello, Wikipedia:Welcome, newcomers to Wikipedia. You might find these links helpful in creating new pages or helping with the above tasks: Wikipedia:How to edit a page, Wikipedia:How to write a great article, Wikipedia:Naming conventions, Wikipedia:Manual of Style. You should read our Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines at some point too. If you have any questions, see the Wikipedia:Help, add a question to the Wikipedia:village pump, or ask me on User_talk:Chris Roy. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedia:Wikipedians! *You can introduce yourself on the Wikipedia:new user log. *If you made any edits before you got an account, you might be interested in Wikipedia:Changing attribution for an edit. *You can sign your name using three tildes, like this:~~~ . If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
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Again, welcome! User:Chris Roy 17:42, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)
:Sidon was the oldest Phoenician city, but Tyre had a longer and more illustrious history. The modern city is named Sur. If Sidon is older, how does Tyre have a longer history? :::[comment on the anon. note above] Indeed. Furthermore it is nonesense. Sidon and Tyre go back to the Neolithic, along with Byblos, Beirut, and other cities. No one of them can claim to be older than the others. Politically Sidon was, during the Iron Age, more powerful than Tyre at first, but this power later shifted to Tyre (and this was all after Byblos had lost any claim to power). User:Nefertum17 07:10, 21 May 2005 (UTC) == Move Page == Shouldn't this page be moved, so as to avoid confusion when Australians, Britons, the Irish, etc are searching for information on a wheel tyre. I suggest a new page title of "''Tyre (Phoenician city)''" or something similar. -- User:AxSkov 12:57, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC) :I don't think so. Nearly all the incoming links were for the city, and I just fixed those that weren't. The disambiguation header should be sufficient. User:MirvUser talk:Mirv Special:Emailuser/Mirv 12:59, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC) == Dates of kings == Why aren't the dates of some kings listed? If they aren't known, question marks or guesses should be added. --User:Simetrical 02:37, 9 Jan 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Tyre:
Tyre
Tyre
Tyre
Tyre,_New_York
Tyree_Washington
Tyrel
Tyrel
Tyrell_Biggs
Tyrell_County,_NC
Tyrell_County,_North_Carolina
Tyrell_turing
Tyrenga
Tyrenga
Tyres
Tyrese
Tyrese_Darnell_Gibson
Tyrese_Gibson
Tyreso
Tyres
Tyres_Municipality
Tyre_(disambiguation)
Tyre_York
Tyre
Tyre (Arabic language الصور aṣ-Ṣūr native Phoenician languages Ṣur, Latin Tyrus, Akkadian Ṣurru, Tiberian Hebrew צר Ṣōr, Greek language Τύρος Tros, ) is an ancient Phoenician city in Lebanon on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, about 23 miles, in a direct line, north of Acre, Palestine, and 20 south of Sidon. The modern city is still named Sur. The name of the city means 'Rock'. The commerce of the whole world was gathered into the warehouses of Tyre. "Tyrian merchants were the first who ventured to navigate the Mediterranean waters; and they founded their colonies on the coasts and neighbouring islands of the Aegean Sea, in Greece, on the northern coast of Africa, at Carthage and other places, in Sicily and Corsica, in Spain at Tartessus, and even beyond the pillars of Hercules at Gadeira (Cdiz)" (Driver's Isaiah). In the time of David a friendly alliance was entered into between the Hebrews and the Tyrians, who were long ruled over by their native kings. Tyre consisted of two distinct parts, a rocky fortress on the mainland, called "Old Tyre", and the city, built on a small, rocky island about half-a-mile distant from the shore. It was a place of great strength. It was besieged by Shalmaneser III, who was assisted by the Phoenicians of the mainland, for five years, and by Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon (586 BC–573 BC BC) for thirteen years, apparently without success. It afterwards fell under the power of Alexander the Great, after a Siege of Tyre of seven months in which he built a causeway from the mainland to the island, but continued to maintain much of its commercial importance until the Christian era. Here a church was founded soon after the death of Saint Stephen, and Paul of Tarsus, on his return from his third missionary journey, spent a week in conversation with the disciples there. It was captured after the First Crusade and was one of the most important cities of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was part of the royal domain, although there were also autonomous trading colonies there for the Italy merchant cities. The city was the site of an archbishop, a suffragan of the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem; its archbishops often acceded to the Patriarchate. The most notable of the Latin archbishops was the historian William of Tyre. After the fall of Jerusalem to Saladin in 1187, the seat of the kingdom moved to Akko, but coronations were held in Tyre. In the 13th century, Tyre was separated from the royal domain as a separate crusader Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem#Lordship of Tyre. In 1291 it was retaken by the Mameluks. "It is noticed on monuments as early as 1500 BC, and claiming, according to Herodotus, to have been founded about 2700 BC." Philo of Byblos (in Eusebius) quotes the antiquarian authority Sanchuniathon as stating that it was first occupied by one Hypsuranius. Sanchuniathon's work is said to be dedicated to "Abibalus king of Berytus", possibly the Abibaal who was king of Tyre. "It had two ports still existing, and was of commercial importance in all ages, with colonies at Carthage (about 850 BC) and all over the Mediterranean. It was often attacked by Egypt and Assyria, and taken by Alexander the Great after a terrible siege in 332 BC. It is now a town of 3,000 inhabitants, with ancient tombs and a ruined cathedral. A short Phoenician text of the 4th century BC is the only monument yet recovered." The city of Tyre was particularly known for the production of a rare sort of purple dye, known as Tyrian purple. This color was, in many cultures of ancient times, reserved for the use of royalty, or at least nobility. In nineteenth century Britain, Tyre was several times taken as an examplar of the mortality of great power and status - both by John Ruskin in the opening lines of The Stones of Venice, and by Rudyard Kipling's 'Recessional'. ===List of kings of Tyre:=== {| border="1" cellpadding="3" |- |Abibaal|| |- |Hiram I||969 BC–936 BC |- |Baal-Eser I||935 BC–919 BC |- |Abdastrato||918 BC–910 BC |- |Ithobaal I||887 BC–856 BC |- |Baal-Eser II||855 BC–830 BC |- |Mattan I||829 BC–821 BC |- |Pygmalion of Tyre (Pumayyaton)||820 BC–774 BC |- |Ithobaal II||750 BC–740 BC |- |Hiram II||739 BC–730 BC |- |Mattan II||730 BC–729 BC |- |Elulaios (Luli)||729 BC–694 BC |- |Baal I||680 BC–640 BC |- |Ithobaal III||591 BC–573 BC |- |Baal II||573 BC–564 BC |- |Yakinbaal||564 BC |- |Chelbes||564 BC–563 BC |- |Abbar||563 BC–562 BC |- |Mattan III and Ger Ashthari||562 BC–556 BC |- |Baal-Eser III||556 BC–555 BC |- |Mahar-Baal||555 BC–551 BC |- |Hiram III||551 BC–532 BC |} ----- ''Initial text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897 -- Please update as needed - now somewhat updated'' ---- In the fictional Dark Sun universe, Tyr features prominently as a city-state that, fantasy elements notwithstanding, shares much in common with its historical counterpart, including a monopoly over purple dye. Cities and Villages in Lebanon Coastal cities Crusades
Tyre
==Welcome== Hello, Wikipedia:Welcome, newcomers to Wikipedia. You might find these links helpful in creating new pages or helping with the above tasks: Wikipedia:How to edit a page, Wikipedia:How to write a great article, Wikipedia:Naming conventions, Wikipedia:Manual of Style. You should read our Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines at some point too. If you have any questions, see the Wikipedia:Help, add a question to the Wikipedia:village pump, or ask me on User_talk:Chris Roy. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedia:Wikipedians! *You can introduce yourself on the Wikipedia:new user log. *If you made any edits before you got an account, you might be interested in Wikipedia:Changing attribution for an edit. *You can sign your name using three tildes, like this:
Tyre
:Sidon was the oldest Phoenician city, but Tyre had a longer and more illustrious history. The modern city is named Sur. If Sidon is older, how does Tyre have a longer history? :::[comment on the anon. note above] Indeed. Furthermore it is nonesense. Sidon and Tyre go back to the Neolithic, along with Byblos, Beirut, and other cities. No one of them can claim to be older than the others. Politically Sidon was, during the Iron Age, more powerful than Tyre at first, but this power later shifted to Tyre (and this was all after Byblos had lost any claim to power). User:Nefertum17 07:10, 21 May 2005 (UTC) == Move Page == Shouldn't this page be moved, so as to avoid confusion when Australians, Britons, the Irish, etc are searching for information on a wheel tyre. I suggest a new page title of "''Tyre (Phoenician city)''" or something similar. -- User:AxSkov 12:57, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC) :I don't think so. Nearly all the incoming links were for the city, and I just fixed those that weren't. The disambiguation header should be sufficient. User:MirvUser talk:Mirv Special:Emailuser/Mirv 12:59, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC) == Dates of kings == Why aren't the dates of some kings listed? If they aren't known, question marks or guesses should be added. --User:Simetrical 02:37, 9 Jan 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
T
TA | TB | TC | TD | TE | TF | TG | TH | TI | TJ | TK | TL | TŁ | TM | TN | TO | TP | TR | TS | TU | TW | TX | TY | TZ |Words begining with Tyre:
Tyre
Tyre
Tyre
Tyre,_New_York
Tyree_Washington
Tyrel
Tyrel
Tyrell_Biggs
Tyrell_County,_NC
Tyrell_County,_North_Carolina
Tyrell_turing
Tyrenga
Tyrenga
Tyres
Tyrese
Tyrese_Darnell_Gibson
Tyrese_Gibson
Tyreso
Tyres
Tyres_Municipality
Tyre_(disambiguation)
Tyre_York
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