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Tuvalu



{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0.5em 0 1em 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+Tuvalu |- | align=center colspan=2 | |- | align=center colspan=2 | {| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 |- | align=center width=148 | | align=center width=148 | |- | align=center width=148 | Flag of Tuvalu | align=center width=148 | Tuvalu Coat of Arms |} |- | valign=top | National anthem | ''Tuvalu mo te Atua''
''(Tuvaluan language: "Eight Standing Together for the Almighty")'' |- | Languages | Tuvaluan language, English language |- | Capitals | Funafuti (atoll),
Vaiaku (village; Gov.),
Fongafale (village) |- | Monarch | Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom |- | Governor-General of Tuvalu | Filoimea Telito |- | Prime Minister of Tuvalu | Maatia Toafa |- | Independence
| From the United Kingdom
October 1, 1978 |- | Area
 – Total
 – % water | List of countries by area
 1 E7 m²
 Negligible |- | Population
 – Total
 – Density | List of countries by population
 11,468 (July 2004 est.)
 441/km² |- | Currency | Tuvaluan Australian dollar |- | Time zone | UTC +12 |- | List of country calling codes | 688 |- | Top-level domain | .tv |} Tuvalu is an island nation located in the Pacific Ocean midway between Hawaii and Australia. Its name means "Eight Standing Together" in Tuvaluan_language. With the exception of tiny Vatican City, it is the independent nation with the fewest inhabitants. Due to their low elevation (5 meters, or 14 feet maximum), the islands that make up this nation are threatened by any future sea level rise. The population may evacuate during the next decades to New Zealand, or Niue, a small Pacific island (independent but associated with New Zealand) that isn't threatened by sea level rise, but does have decreasing population. == History == ''Main article: History of Tuvalu'' Tuvaluans are a Polynesian people who are estimated to have settled the islands around 2,000 years ago. During pre-contact times, there was frequent canoe voyaging between the nearer islands. Tuvalu was first sighted by Europeans in 1568 with the arrival of Alvaro de Mendaa y Neyra from Spain, who encountered the island of Nui but was unable to land. No other Europeans turned up again until the late 1700s, when further European explorers reached the area. By the early 1800s, whalers were in the Pacific, though visiting Tuvalu only infrequently due to the difficulties of landing ships on the atoll, and no settlements were established by them. Peruvian slave raiders ("blackbirders") combed the Pacific between 1862 and 1864 and Tuvalu was one of the hardest-hit Pacific island groups with over 400 people taken from Funafuti and Nukulaelae, none of whom returned. In 1865, the London Missionary Society, Protestant congregationalists, began their process of evangelization of Tuvalu, and conversion to Christianity was complete by the 1920s. Also in the late 1800s, European traders began to live on the islands hoping to profit from local resources. Europeans brought diseases new to the Pacific which caused many deaths in Tuvalu. In 1892, the islands became part of the United Kingdom protectorate of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, with Tuvalu being called the Ellice Islands. The protectorate became a colony in 1915. In 1943 during World War II, Tuvalu was selected as an operations base for Allied forces battling the Japanese in the Pacific. Thousands of marines were stationed there until December 1945. In 1974, ethnic differences within the colony caused the Polynesians of the Ellice Islands to vote for separation from the Micronesians of the Gilbert Islands (later Kiribati). The following year, the Ellice Islands became the separate British colony of Tuvalu. Independence was granted in 1978. Tuvalu Independence Day is celebrated on the 1st of October. == Politics == ''Main article: Politics of Tuvalu'' Tuvalu is a constitutional monarchy and Commonwealth Realm, with Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom recognised as Queen of Tuvalu. She is represented in Tuvalu by a Governor-General, who is appointed upon the advice of the prime minister. The local parliament, or ''Fale I Fono'', has 15 members and is chosen every four years. Its members elect a prime minister, who is the head of government. Some elders also exercise informal authority on a local level. == Atolls, islands or districts == ''Main article: Islands of Tuvalu'' Although Tuvalu technically has no administrative subdivisions - its population is too small (estimated at 11,000 in 2004) - the country can be divided into 9 atolls. ; Atolls consisting of more than one island: * Funafuti * Nanumea * Nui * Nukufetau * Nukulaelae * Vaitupu ; Atolls consisting of only one island: * Nanumaga * Niulakita * Niutao The smallest island, Niulakita, was uninhabited until it was resettled by people from Niutao in 1949. Thus, the name Tuvalu means "eight standing together" in the Tuvaluan language. == Geography == ''Main article: Geography of Tuvalu'' Being one of the smallest countries in the world, in fact, the fourth smallest, Tuvalu also has very poor lands. There is almost no potable water, and the soil is hardly usable for agriculture. In 2001, Tuvalu's government announced that the islands, whose highest point is 5 m above sea level, may need to be evacuated in the event of rising sea levels. New Zealand has agreed to accept an annual quota of 75 evacuees, while Australia has refused the Tuvaluans' petitions, presumably based on that country's rejection of the underlying basis of the Kyoto Protocol. == Economy == ''Main article: Economy of Tuvalu'' Tuvalu has almost no natural resources, and its main form of income consists of foreign aid. Main industries are fishing and tourism, even though, due to the remote location of the islands, only a small number of tourists arrive annually. Government revenues largely come from the sale of stamps and coins and worker remittances. About 1,000 Tuvaluans work in Nauru in the phosphate mining industry. Nauru has begun repatriating Tuvaluans, however, as phosphate resources decline. Substantial income is received annually from an international trust (property) established in 1987 by Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom and supported also by Japan and South Korea. Thanks to wise investments and conservative withdrawals, this Fund grew from an initial $17 million to over $35 million in 1999. The US government is also a major revenue source for Tuvalu, with 1999 payments from a 1988 treaty on fisheries at about $9 million, a total which is expected to rise annually. In an effort to reduce its dependence on foreign aid, the government is pursuing public sector reforms, including privatization of some government functions and personnel cuts of up to 7%. In 1998, Tuvalu began deriving revenue from use of its area code for premium rate telephone number and from the sale of its ".tv" Internet domain name. In 2000, Tuvalu negotiated a contract leasing its Internet domain name ".tv" for $50 million in royalties over the next dozen years. Royalites from these new technology sources could raise GDP three or more times over the next decade. Low-lying Tuvalu is particularly vulnerable to any rise in the sea level from future climate change. In mid-February 2004, unusually high tides caused seepage that transformed much of the interior into a salty lake, harming root crops. The Tuvalu dollar, the local currency, is coupled to the Australian dollar. == Demographics == ''Main article: Demographics of Tuvalu'' The small population of Tuvalu is almost entirely of Polynesian ethnicity. About 97% of the Tuvaluans are members of the Church of Tuvalu, a protestantism christianity church. The religion has been mixed with some elements of the indigenous religions. The Tuvaluan language is spoken by virtually everyone, while Kiribati_language is spoken by some people on Nui. English is also an official language, but is not spoken in daily use. The island population has more than doubled since 1980 and is estimated to have reached 11,000 by 2004. The population boom may be a contributing factor to the environmental devastation on the islands. == Culture == ''Main article: Culture of Tuvalu'' The traditional community system still to a large extent survives on Tuvalu. Each family has its own task, or ''salanga'', to perform for the community, such as fishing, house building or defence. The skills of a family are passed on from father to son. *Music of Tuvalu == Controversy over Climate Change== As a low lying island lacking a surrounding shallow shelf, the island communities of Tuvalu are especially susceptible to changes in sea level and storm patterns that hit the island undissipated. Over the past decade, the islands have seen a disappearance of 10 feet of beachfront and an increase in the severity and frequency of storms. Tuvaluans are worried about the submerging of the islands and a growing number have left the island. In 2002, then-Prime Minister Koloa Talake announced plans to sue the United States and Australia at the International Court of Justice in the Hague over their disproportionate production of carbon dioxide emissions. The suit was never filed because Talake failed in his bid to be re-elected later that year, but the potential suit gained the controversy great media attention. While blaming the island's problems on climate change has gained the island much publicity, there are other factors that affect it. One of these is the population boom on a resource-scarce island which has wreaked environmental damage. Since 1980, the population of Funafuti has more than doubled from 2,000 to 4,500 or almost half of Tuvalu's citzenry. Another major factor contributing to gradual sinking of the island and salinization of its fresh water source is the consequences of airport construction, which has brought a sizable part of island's area within inches of sea level and caused significant damage to the island's coralline base. == Miscellaneous topics == * Communications in Tuvalu * Transportation in Tuvalu * Military of Tuvalu * Foreign relations of Tuvalu * ISO 3166-2:TV == External links == * [http://www.tuvaluislands.com/ Tuvalu Online] * [http://www.southpacific.org/text/tuvalu.html Finding Tuvalu] * [http://map.tuvalu.tv/ Online Maps of Tuvalu] * [http://www.mapsouthpacific.com/tuvalu/index.html Map of Tuvalu] * [http://tuvalu.consul.cc/ Consulate of Tuvalu in Switzerland] * [http://www.janeresture.com/tuvalu2/tuvalu_home_page.htm Jane's Tuvalu Home Page] Monarchies Oceanic countries Tuvalu ks:टुवालु lv:Tuvalu ms:Tuvalu zh-min-nan:Tuvalu na:Tuvalu nds:Tuvalu simple:Tuvalu th:ประเทศตูวาลู

Tuvalu



''An event mentioned in this article is an Template:October 1 selected anniversaries.'' --- I'm wondering why the "km2" stuff showed up on this edit. I didn't touch it. Perhaps this is a bug. :A couple of questions; first, what web browser are you using? What version of it, and what operating system are you running? Second, are these: 222222222222222222222 superscript numeral twos interspersed with regular numeral twos, or just a bunch of regular numeral twos? If the former, check again after you save your edit. :My first-order hypothesis is that your web browser sneakily changed the superscript twos into regular twos without your knowledge or consent. --User:Brion VIBBER ::That's quite possible. Mac OS 9.1, IE 5.0. It's never been known for it's reliability. To address the other question, your superscript 2s were showing up just fine until I did a preview of this talk post, and now they're all the same. Is this just on my end?User:Hephaestos ::Omniweb 4.1 on Mac OS 10.2 seems to have done the trick. User:Hephaestos ---- == The Evacuation == How many of the Tuvaluans will leave the islands? Surely not all? --User:Menchi 18:04, 16 Nov 2003 (UTC) ~ == Kyoto?? == "while Australia has refused the Tuvaluans' petitions, presumably based on that country's rejection of the underlying basis of the Kyoto Protocol." Maybe I'm missing something, but what does the Kyoto Protocol have to do with anything? I can't figure out why that bit is there. ---- The proposed possible evacuation of Tuvalu is due to anticipated effects of global warming: that the sea level will rise enough to cover much or all of the islands. The Kyoto Protocol is a treaty to reduce greenhouse gass emissions in order to help reduce or reverse global warming due to the greenhouse effect. So it sounds like this excerpt from the article is just saying that since, officially, Australia doesn't "believe in" global warming, it refuses to accept the claim that Tuvalu might need to be evacuated due to global warming. I agree that saying "the underlying basis of the Kyoto Protocol" is a very obtuse way of referring to global warming. I think the article should be changed to say something like "... presumably based on the Australian government's rejection of the reality of global warming." However, I don't know what Australia's ''exact'' position is, so I won't change the article. == Kiribati language == Check if "I-Kiribati" is an appropriate name for the Kiribati_language. User:Apokrif 09:12, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Tuvalu



Articles about or related to Tuvalu. Oceanic countries Members of the Commonwealth of Nations na:Category:Tuwalu


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Tuvalu
Tuvalu
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Tuvalu/Transportation
Tuvaluan
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Tuvaluan_language
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Tuvaluan_music
Tuvalu_for_the_Almighty
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