The medication class of thiazolidinedione was introduced in the late 1990s as an adjunctive therapy for diabetes mellitus (type II) and related diseases. == Mode of action == ''Thiazolidinediones'' act by binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors), a group of receptor (biochemistry) molecules inside the cell nucleus, specifically ''PPARγ'' (gamma). The normal ligands for these receptors are free fatty acids (FFAs) and eicosanoids. When activated, the receptor migrates to the DNA, activating transcription of a number of specific genes. Genes upregulated by PPARγ can be found in the ''main article'' on ''peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors''. By activating PPARγ: * insulin resistance is decreased * adipocyte differentiation is modified * VEGF-induced angiogenesis is inhibited ([http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=151148&rendertype=abstract abstract]). * Leptin levels decrease (leading to an increased appetite) * Levels of certain interleukins (e.g. IL-6) fall == Members of the class == These include: * rosiglitazone * pioglitazone Troglitazone was withdrawn from the market due to an increased incidence of drug-induced hepatitis in patients who were using the drug. It is now common practice that liver enzymes are monitored during the first year of treatment with the "newer" thiazolidinediones. Experimental agents include MCC-555, a powerful anti-diabetic drug and the early non-marketed thiazolidinedione ''ciglitazone''. == Uses == The only registered use of the thiazolidinediones is in diabetes mellitus type 2. It is being investigated experimentally in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Several forms of lipodystrophy cause insulin resistance, which has responded favorably to thiazolidinediones. == Side-effects and contraindications== The withdrawal of troglitazone has led to concerns of other thiazolidinediones increasing the risk of hepatitis. Guidelines now mention that for the first year of thiazolidinedione therapy, a two- or three-monthly check of liver enzymes is conducted to ascertain that no liver damage is occurring. The main side-effect of all thiazolidinediones is fluid retention, leading to edema and potentially aggravating heart failure. Therefore, thiazolidinediones cannot be prescribed in patients with decreased ventricular function (New York Heart Association Functional Classification grade III and IV heart failure). Anti-diabetic drugs
[http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ANS00957.html approved for use in Type II diabetes] is use for PCOS approved? User:JWSchmidt 19:26, 21 Apr 2004 (UTC) :Not to my knowledge, but in several studies it proved very beneficial (like metformin, confirming again that insulin resistance is very central in PCOS; e.g. [http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/440584_print MedScape]. User:Jfdwolff User:Jfdwolff | User_talk:Jfdwolff 19:29, 21 Apr 2004 (UTC) Does Wikipedia have any kind of policy about trying to indicate which uses for drugs are approved uses? User:JWSchmidt 17:27, 22 Apr 2004 (UTC) :Uhh—I'm reluctant to admit that I don't know what the main source for "Wikipedia policy" is. IMHO, this shouldn't be an issue, as "approval" differs between one country and the next. In the UK, it is at the discretion of the prescribing doctor to prescibe off-licence drugs (many do it, few admit it). As stated, I have not seriously looked into registration of thiazolidinediones for NASH and PCOS. If you feel this is important, please User_talk:Jfdwolff. User:Jfdwolff User:Jfdwolff | User_talk:Jfdwolff 19:23, 22 Apr 2004 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Thiazolidinedione:
Thiazolidinedione
Thiazolidinedione
Thiazolidinediones
Thiazolidinedione
The medication class of thiazolidinedione was introduced in the late 1990s as an adjunctive therapy for diabetes mellitus (type II) and related diseases. == Mode of action == ''Thiazolidinediones'' act by binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors), a group of receptor (biochemistry) molecules inside the cell nucleus, specifically ''PPARγ'' (gamma). The normal ligands for these receptors are free fatty acids (FFAs) and eicosanoids. When activated, the receptor migrates to the DNA, activating transcription of a number of specific genes. Genes upregulated by PPARγ can be found in the ''main article'' on ''peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors''. By activating PPARγ: * insulin resistance is decreased * adipocyte differentiation is modified * VEGF-induced angiogenesis is inhibited ([http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=151148&rendertype=abstract abstract]). * Leptin levels decrease (leading to an increased appetite) * Levels of certain interleukins (e.g. IL-6) fall == Members of the class == These include: * rosiglitazone * pioglitazone Troglitazone was withdrawn from the market due to an increased incidence of drug-induced hepatitis in patients who were using the drug. It is now common practice that liver enzymes are monitored during the first year of treatment with the "newer" thiazolidinediones. Experimental agents include MCC-555, a powerful anti-diabetic drug and the early non-marketed thiazolidinedione ''ciglitazone''. == Uses == The only registered use of the thiazolidinediones is in diabetes mellitus type 2. It is being investigated experimentally in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Several forms of lipodystrophy cause insulin resistance, which has responded favorably to thiazolidinediones. == Side-effects and contraindications== The withdrawal of troglitazone has led to concerns of other thiazolidinediones increasing the risk of hepatitis. Guidelines now mention that for the first year of thiazolidinedione therapy, a two- or three-monthly check of liver enzymes is conducted to ascertain that no liver damage is occurring. The main side-effect of all thiazolidinediones is fluid retention, leading to edema and potentially aggravating heart failure. Therefore, thiazolidinediones cannot be prescribed in patients with decreased ventricular function (New York Heart Association Functional Classification grade III and IV heart failure). Anti-diabetic drugs
Thiazolidinedione
[http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ANS00957.html approved for use in Type II diabetes] is use for PCOS approved? User:JWSchmidt 19:26, 21 Apr 2004 (UTC) :Not to my knowledge, but in several studies it proved very beneficial (like metformin, confirming again that insulin resistance is very central in PCOS; e.g. [http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/440584_print MedScape]. User:Jfdwolff User:Jfdwolff | User_talk:Jfdwolff 19:29, 21 Apr 2004 (UTC) Does Wikipedia have any kind of policy about trying to indicate which uses for drugs are approved uses? User:JWSchmidt 17:27, 22 Apr 2004 (UTC) :Uhh—I'm reluctant to admit that I don't know what the main source for "Wikipedia policy" is. IMHO, this shouldn't be an issue, as "approval" differs between one country and the next. In the UK, it is at the discretion of the prescribing doctor to prescibe off-licence drugs (many do it, few admit it). As stated, I have not seriously looked into registration of thiazolidinediones for NASH and PCOS. If you feel this is important, please User_talk:Jfdwolff. User:Jfdwolff User:Jfdwolff | User_talk:Jfdwolff 19:23, 22 Apr 2004 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
T
TA | TB | TC | TD | TE | TF | TG | TH | TI | TJ | TK | TL | TŁ | TM | TN | TO | TP | TR | TS | TU | TW | TX | TY | TZ |Words begining with Thiazolidinedione:
Thiazolidinedione
Thiazolidinedione
Thiazolidinediones
These materials are based on Wikipedia and licensed under the GNU FDL
YouTube.com videos better site than Turbo Tax 2007
