T-4 Euthanasia Program was the official name of Nazi Germany Eugenics euthanasia Compulsory_sterilization#Germany. It was established by Adolf Hitler and operated under authority of Chief of the State Chancellery Philip Bouhler and Dr. Karl Brandt. The name T-4 comes from the address of the office, Tiergartenstrae 4 in Berlin. The purpose of the program was to maintain genetic purity of the German population by systematically killing citizens who were physically deformity, disabled, handicapped, or suffering from mental illness. Disabled children were removed from their families and taken to special hospitals. The program was later expanded to include adults, though most disabled adults fell under Compulsory_sterilization#Germany which allowed for Compulsory_sterilization#Germany. Extermination was carried out at Grafeneck (since January 20, 1940), Hartheim (since May 6, 1940) , Hadamar (since January 1941), Bernburg (since November 21, 1940), Brandenburg (since February 8, 1940) and Sonnenstein (since Juni 1940) by way of gassing, suffocation, injection, poisoning, starvation, and overdose of medication. First experiments with mobile gas vans were performed in March 1940 in the hospital in Kochanowka near Lodz. Soon, the Nazis performed further experimentation that involved piping carbon monoxide from a truck's engine into a sealed chamber. Much of this extermination was supervised by the psychiatrists Carl Hans Heinze Sennhenn and Werner Villinger. Sennhenn supplied hundreds of brains of the exterminated to Nazi researchers. Werner Villinger conducted experiments with humans before ordering them to their deaths. Even before the the Holocaust, the first gas chamber were built at Hartheim where mostly adult victims were suffocated with carbon monoxide. On August 18, 1941, Adolf Hitler ordered a temporary halt to the program, due to resistance from churches and relatives of the victims. 70,000 people had already been exterminated. The German public resistance led to a slowdown but did not stop the program. In fact, it was conducted with greater secrecy. Trained crews continued in their trade. Some graduates of the Aktion T4 program were then transferred to military concentration camps. Most of the persons such as Josef Mengele responsible for carrying out the T-4 Euthanasia Program became active in the Holocaust as well, developing gas chamber technology and even helping to build death camps at Belzec, Treblinka or Sobibr in Operation Reinhard. Aside from the well-known Auschwitz concentration camp these were the main centers of extermination by gas for millions of people. By the end of 1941, every third inmate of a psychiatric institution in Germany had already died, either by being directly killed or by starvation, leading to about 93,000 "free beds." An estimated 200,000 people died under the T-4 program. Germany's practice of euthanasia did not end in 1941. Doctors and nurses continued the practice at hospitals around Germany and Austria. Killings and intentional neglect was conducted in such a way to minimize the suspicion of the German population. However, no such precautions were taken when exterminating people of the occupied territories. Acts of cruelty and violence were reported and recorded. Doctors and nursing personnel involved with the euthanasia were not always brought to justice. Long after the creation of the new German states in 1949 high-ranking officials involved with the euthanasia had escaped prosecution and were still involved with the German health system. == References == * "Nazi 'Euthanasia' Programs" in Dieter Kuntz, ed. ''Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race'' by Michael Burleigh. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum/University of North Carolina Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8078-2916-1 * ''Dokumente zur Euthanasie.'' by Ernst Klee. ISBN 3-5962-4327-0, in German * ''Euthanasie im NS-Staat. Die Vernichtung lebensunwerten Lebens'' by Ernst Klee. Frankfurt am Main 1983, ISBN 3-5962-4326-2, in German * ''The Origins of Nazi Genocide. From Euthanasia to the Final Solution'' by Henry Friedlander. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill & London, 1995, ISBN 0-8078-2208-6. * ''A Sign for Cain'' by Fredrick Wertheim. MacMillan Company, New York, 1967, ISBN 0-8488-1657-9 * ''Was sie taten. Was sie wurden'' by Ernst Klee. ISBN 3596243645, in German == External links == * [http://www.spkpfh.de/Iatrocracy_on_a_worldwide_scale.htm#iatropolitical_big_event Iatrocracy on a world wide scale - PF/SPK(H)] * [http://www.spkpfh.de/Euthanazia.htm EuthaNAZIa, nowdays? - PF/SPK(H)] * [http://www.deathcamps.org/euthanasia/ Information on the T4 program] * [http://www.bundesarchiv.de/findbuecher/stab/euth/einfueh.php Online inventory of archives dealing with euthanasia under the Nazi regime] (in German) * [http://www.historyplace.com/speeches/galen.htm Cardinal Galen's speech against Nazi euthanasia] == See also == * Eugenics * compulsory sterilization * Helmuth Ehrhardt * Werner Heyde * Ernst Kretschmer * Friedrich Mauz * Friedrich Panse * Ernst Rudin * Carl Hans Heinze Sennhenn * Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer * Werner Villinger * Racial policy of Nazi Germany * Holocaust * Heinrich Himmler * Josef Mengele Disability Eugenics German history German legal history Holocaust Nazi Germany
== Article needs work == It's my understanding that the T-4 program was halted by Hitler because it had become something of a scandal after being publicly denounced by Clemens von Galen. This is interesting for two reasons - firstly, because it's an insight into how even the Nazis were susceptible to the demands of public opinion; secondly, because it has been argued that this scandal is what led Hitler to avoid ever signing any documents specifically ordering the extermination of Jews. If someone could get some reliable sources for this info, it could be worth working into the article. Very poor article. Needs to be rewritten with better sources.--User:80.133.105.176 22:49, 19 Mar 2004 == Sources == === Ernst Klee === :I fully agree. Three and a half paragraphs are devoted more to (admirable) Ernst Klee than to T-4 Euthanasia program itself. Even the synopsis of Klee's standard work is poor indeed. He would never have written: "Most of the participants of the T-4 Euthanasia Program became part of the Holocaust as well, ... even helping to build death camps as Belzec, Treblinka or Sobibor in Operation Reinhard, as Klee notes", because Klee knows better than most that it was the T-4 personnell that was transfered to the "Reinhardt" camps and that they not only helped to build these camps but r a n them indeed. They were not any "helpers", they were the real k i l l e r s! I hope it has not been the intention of the author(s) to make killers appear as harmless looking helpers. User:P. Witte 17:54, 24 Mar 2004 (UTC) === Eugenics vs. Racial cleansing === :There's been some controversy about people pushing the nazi eugenics program to be ""racial"" without providing any kind of additional information or verifiable sources. Perhaps the eugenics program was racist by only being applied to germans? I don't think that's what people think when reading the reference though. :I asume the link to be either POV pushing, someone being too eager to promote an article they worked on, or a mistake. I'll remove the statement/link, and asume it's reasonable to leave it out untill solid information is provided in the article to support such a claim. If people find this unreasonable and revert the article without needing to back up their claims I'll dispute the neutrality of the article. The same dispute is going on on the eugenics article partially about this topic, but I asume different/more expertised people might be watching this article. :Since this question seems asked or hinted at a lot I'll answer it right away, no, I'm not a neo-nazi, white supremacist, white nationalist, or racist. Nor am I a member of a secret terrorist organization whose goal is the total destruction of wikipedia.org. G'day User:Scandum 16:38, 30 May 2005 (UTC) ::The entire "controversy" is the fact that you seem to have a problem with it, cannot cite any sources to back up your opinion, and then when you have sources cited for you claim that you can't read them, or that they are "random sources". I'm reverting all of your changes until you can cite at least one source for your own opinions, it is clear you haven't read any of the sources cited in the article. --User:Fastfission 15:46, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC) :::Don't turn things around. You have so far failed to provide a valid source for your claims. I would provide a source, but your claims lack any factual sources either FOR or AGAINST it. The holocaust wasn't an eugenic program, but a racial extermination program. It's goal was to take political advantage of hate, not improve the gene pool. The nazis had clearly seperated eugenic and racial programs. Stop poluting articles with far stretched claims. :::Fastfission, the version you insist upon contains errors, one of which is mine.--User:AI 01:24, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC) ::Eugenics and racial hygiene are not the same thing, although they are partly related in the case with the history of Nazi Germany.
The nazi's had numerous programs that apparently used the same resources. This article is about the T-4 Euthanasia Program, not the holocaust. They are related, but they are not the same thing.--User:AI 01:24, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC) == T-4 and the Shoah == I reverted the following edit, as it is a gross oversimplification: :T-4 Euthanasia Program was the official name of Nazi Germany Eugenics euthanasia Compulsory_sterilization#Germany which killed some 200,000 people as the first stage of what would come to be called the Holocaust (which killed some 11 million people). What follows the "which" is incautious. If the Holocaust had "stages", one needs to be careful in asserting that anything that happened before the invasion of the Soviet Union necessarily led to what happened thereafter. Elements of T-4 may have been essential to the Holocaust, particularly Operation Reinhardt, but there is no evidence indicating that there was a larger plan, of which T-4 was a first step. If one follows the accounts synthesised by Browning, it was only the difficulties created by the extreme violence used by the Einsatzgruppen on somewhat independent initiative and the consonance of its purpose with the senior leadership of the RSHA that caused the SS to cast about for more efficient means of mass murder and thus to redeploy technology used by T-4. It seems far more important to introduce these distinctions as closely as possible with any statements linking this to the Holocaust than to cite statistics. User:Buffyg 00:42, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC) ::The statement is not false, only oversimplified and I think it should be reworded then restored into the article because it brings the introduction/definition of T-4 into context with common knowledge of history.--User:AI 02:09, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC) :::I'm not sure if it's a good thing to stuff everything under the holocaust. What sets the holocaust apart is it's racial motives, Stalin made more victims. The racial laws and the propaganda would have been the first stage anyways. It's probably better leaving a clear intro, and deal with this elsewhere in the article. --User:Scandum 10:24, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with T-4_Euthanasia_Program:
T-4_Euthanasia_Program
T-4_Euthanasia_Program
T-4 Euthanasia Program
T-4 Euthanasia Program was the official name of Nazi Germany Eugenics euthanasia Compulsory_sterilization#Germany. It was established by Adolf Hitler and operated under authority of Chief of the State Chancellery Philip Bouhler and Dr. Karl Brandt. The name T-4 comes from the address of the office, Tiergartenstrae 4 in Berlin. The purpose of the program was to maintain genetic purity of the German population by systematically killing citizens who were physically deformity, disabled, handicapped, or suffering from mental illness. Disabled children were removed from their families and taken to special hospitals. The program was later expanded to include adults, though most disabled adults fell under Compulsory_sterilization#Germany which allowed for Compulsory_sterilization#Germany. Extermination was carried out at Grafeneck (since January 20, 1940), Hartheim (since May 6, 1940) , Hadamar (since January 1941), Bernburg (since November 21, 1940), Brandenburg (since February 8, 1940) and Sonnenstein (since Juni 1940) by way of gassing, suffocation, injection, poisoning, starvation, and overdose of medication. First experiments with mobile gas vans were performed in March 1940 in the hospital in Kochanowka near Lodz. Soon, the Nazis performed further experimentation that involved piping carbon monoxide from a truck's engine into a sealed chamber. Much of this extermination was supervised by the psychiatrists Carl Hans Heinze Sennhenn and Werner Villinger. Sennhenn supplied hundreds of brains of the exterminated to Nazi researchers. Werner Villinger conducted experiments with humans before ordering them to their deaths. Even before the the Holocaust, the first gas chamber were built at Hartheim where mostly adult victims were suffocated with carbon monoxide. On August 18, 1941, Adolf Hitler ordered a temporary halt to the program, due to resistance from churches and relatives of the victims. 70,000 people had already been exterminated. The German public resistance led to a slowdown but did not stop the program. In fact, it was conducted with greater secrecy. Trained crews continued in their trade. Some graduates of the Aktion T4 program were then transferred to military concentration camps. Most of the persons such as Josef Mengele responsible for carrying out the T-4 Euthanasia Program became active in the Holocaust as well, developing gas chamber technology and even helping to build death camps at Belzec, Treblinka or Sobibr in Operation Reinhard. Aside from the well-known Auschwitz concentration camp these were the main centers of extermination by gas for millions of people. By the end of 1941, every third inmate of a psychiatric institution in Germany had already died, either by being directly killed or by starvation, leading to about 93,000 "free beds." An estimated 200,000 people died under the T-4 program. Germany's practice of euthanasia did not end in 1941. Doctors and nurses continued the practice at hospitals around Germany and Austria. Killings and intentional neglect was conducted in such a way to minimize the suspicion of the German population. However, no such precautions were taken when exterminating people of the occupied territories. Acts of cruelty and violence were reported and recorded. Doctors and nursing personnel involved with the euthanasia were not always brought to justice. Long after the creation of the new German states in 1949 high-ranking officials involved with the euthanasia had escaped prosecution and were still involved with the German health system. == References == * "Nazi 'Euthanasia' Programs" in Dieter Kuntz, ed. ''Deadly Medicine: Creating the Master Race'' by Michael Burleigh. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum/University of North Carolina Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8078-2916-1 * ''Dokumente zur Euthanasie.'' by Ernst Klee. ISBN 3-5962-4327-0, in German * ''Euthanasie im NS-Staat. Die Vernichtung lebensunwerten Lebens'' by Ernst Klee. Frankfurt am Main 1983, ISBN 3-5962-4326-2, in German * ''The Origins of Nazi Genocide. From Euthanasia to the Final Solution'' by Henry Friedlander. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill & London, 1995, ISBN 0-8078-2208-6. * ''A Sign for Cain'' by Fredrick Wertheim. MacMillan Company, New York, 1967, ISBN 0-8488-1657-9 * ''Was sie taten. Was sie wurden'' by Ernst Klee. ISBN 3596243645, in German == External links == * [http://www.spkpfh.de/Iatrocracy_on_a_worldwide_scale.htm#iatropolitical_big_event Iatrocracy on a world wide scale - PF/SPK(H)] * [http://www.spkpfh.de/Euthanazia.htm EuthaNAZIa, nowdays? - PF/SPK(H)] * [http://www.deathcamps.org/euthanasia/ Information on the T4 program] * [http://www.bundesarchiv.de/findbuecher/stab/euth/einfueh.php Online inventory of archives dealing with euthanasia under the Nazi regime] (in German) * [http://www.historyplace.com/speeches/galen.htm Cardinal Galen's speech against Nazi euthanasia] == See also == * Eugenics * compulsory sterilization * Helmuth Ehrhardt * Werner Heyde * Ernst Kretschmer * Friedrich Mauz * Friedrich Panse * Ernst Rudin * Carl Hans Heinze Sennhenn * Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer * Werner Villinger * Racial policy of Nazi Germany * Holocaust * Heinrich Himmler * Josef Mengele Disability Eugenics German history German legal history Holocaust Nazi Germany
T-4 Euthanasia Program
== Article needs work == It's my understanding that the T-4 program was halted by Hitler because it had become something of a scandal after being publicly denounced by Clemens von Galen. This is interesting for two reasons - firstly, because it's an insight into how even the Nazis were susceptible to the demands of public opinion; secondly, because it has been argued that this scandal is what led Hitler to avoid ever signing any documents specifically ordering the extermination of Jews. If someone could get some reliable sources for this info, it could be worth working into the article. Very poor article. Needs to be rewritten with better sources.--User:80.133.105.176 22:49, 19 Mar 2004 == Sources == === Ernst Klee === :I fully agree. Three and a half paragraphs are devoted more to (admirable) Ernst Klee than to T-4 Euthanasia program itself. Even the synopsis of Klee's standard work is poor indeed. He would never have written: "Most of the participants of the T-4 Euthanasia Program became part of the Holocaust as well, ... even helping to build death camps as Belzec, Treblinka or Sobibor in Operation Reinhard, as Klee notes", because Klee knows better than most that it was the T-4 personnell that was transfered to the "Reinhardt" camps and that they not only helped to build these camps but r a n them indeed. They were not any "helpers", they were the real k i l l e r s! I hope it has not been the intention of the author(s) to make killers appear as harmless looking helpers. User:P. Witte 17:54, 24 Mar 2004 (UTC) === Eugenics vs. Racial cleansing === :There's been some controversy about people pushing the nazi eugenics program to be ""racial"" without providing any kind of additional information or verifiable sources. Perhaps the eugenics program was racist by only being applied to germans? I don't think that's what people think when reading the reference though. :I asume the link to be either POV pushing, someone being too eager to promote an article they worked on, or a mistake. I'll remove the statement/link, and asume it's reasonable to leave it out untill solid information is provided in the article to support such a claim. If people find this unreasonable and revert the article without needing to back up their claims I'll dispute the neutrality of the article. The same dispute is going on on the eugenics article partially about this topic, but I asume different/more expertised people might be watching this article. :Since this question seems asked or hinted at a lot I'll answer it right away, no, I'm not a neo-nazi, white supremacist, white nationalist, or racist. Nor am I a member of a secret terrorist organization whose goal is the total destruction of wikipedia.org. G'day User:Scandum 16:38, 30 May 2005 (UTC) ::The entire "controversy" is the fact that you seem to have a problem with it, cannot cite any sources to back up your opinion, and then when you have sources cited for you claim that you can't read them, or that they are "random sources". I'm reverting all of your changes until you can cite at least one source for your own opinions, it is clear you haven't read any of the sources cited in the article. --User:Fastfission 15:46, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC) :::Don't turn things around. You have so far failed to provide a valid source for your claims. I would provide a source, but your claims lack any factual sources either FOR or AGAINST it. The holocaust wasn't an eugenic program, but a racial extermination program. It's goal was to take political advantage of hate, not improve the gene pool. The nazis had clearly seperated eugenic and racial programs. Stop poluting articles with far stretched claims. :::Fastfission, the version you insist upon contains errors, one of which is mine.--User:AI 01:24, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC) ::Eugenics and racial hygiene are not the same thing, although they are partly related in the case with the history of Nazi Germany.
The nazi's had numerous programs that apparently used the same resources. This article is about the T-4 Euthanasia Program, not the holocaust. They are related, but they are not the same thing.--User:AI 01:24, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC) == T-4 and the Shoah == I reverted the following edit, as it is a gross oversimplification: :T-4 Euthanasia Program was the official name of Nazi Germany Eugenics euthanasia Compulsory_sterilization#Germany which killed some 200,000 people as the first stage of what would come to be called the Holocaust (which killed some 11 million people). What follows the "which" is incautious. If the Holocaust had "stages", one needs to be careful in asserting that anything that happened before the invasion of the Soviet Union necessarily led to what happened thereafter. Elements of T-4 may have been essential to the Holocaust, particularly Operation Reinhardt, but there is no evidence indicating that there was a larger plan, of which T-4 was a first step. If one follows the accounts synthesised by Browning, it was only the difficulties created by the extreme violence used by the Einsatzgruppen on somewhat independent initiative and the consonance of its purpose with the senior leadership of the RSHA that caused the SS to cast about for more efficient means of mass murder and thus to redeploy technology used by T-4. It seems far more important to introduce these distinctions as closely as possible with any statements linking this to the Holocaust than to cite statistics. User:Buffyg 00:42, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC) ::The statement is not false, only oversimplified and I think it should be reworded then restored into the article because it brings the introduction/definition of T-4 into context with common knowledge of history.--User:AI 02:09, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC) :::I'm not sure if it's a good thing to stuff everything under the holocaust. What sets the holocaust apart is it's racial motives, Stalin made more victims. The racial laws and the propaganda would have been the first stage anyways. It's probably better leaving a clear intro, and deal with this elsewhere in the article. --User:Scandum 10:24, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
T
TA | TB | TC | TD | TE | TF | TG | TH | TI | TJ | TK | TL | TŁ | TM | TN | TO | TP | TR | TS | TU | TW | TX | TY | TZ |Words begining with T-4_Euthanasia_Program:
T-4_Euthanasia_Program
T-4_Euthanasia_Program
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