Rail transport by country Transportation in the United States
== Historical overview == :''Main article History of rail transport in the United States'' === Before 1800 === The oldest railroads in North America had their beginnings in the late 18th century. One of the earliest was a gravity railroad in Lewiston, New York, in the 1760s. === 1800 - 1850 === Railroad building in the United States began in earnest in the first half of the 19th century. Gridley Bryant, a construction engineer in Boston, Massachusetts, was one of the first to work on railroad projects in the US. In 1826 he was awarded a contract to build the Second Bank of the United States in Boston, and the Bunker Hill Monument in Charlestown, Massachusetts. In studying how to get the granite needed for these projects, Bryant came to the conclusion that a railroad like that of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, in England, that was currently in the planning stages. Bryant developed basic railroad :Category:Rail technologies including the railroad car (4- and 8-wheel designs), rail tracks, wheels, turntable, and load transfer equipment. The only real difference between Bryant's Granite Railway and the Liverpool and Manchester was in the motive power; Bryant used horses to pull his trains, while the Liverpool and Manchester used steam locomotives. Building on the knowledge learned with the Granite Railway and the pioneering railroads of England, other purpose-built railroads were soon chartered in the US. Incorporated in 1823, the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, which later became the Delaware and Hudson Railroad, built its first tracks in 1826 as a gravity railroad in Carbondale, Pennsylvania, to haul coal from a mine to the canal at Honesdale, Pennsylvania. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) was incorporated on February 28, 1827, to build a railroad connecting Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, DC; among the B&O's founders was Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence (United States). Both of these railroad companies lasted well into the latter half of the 20th century. Soon, other roads that would themselves be purchased or merged into larger entities, formed. The Camden and Amboy Railroad, the first railroad built in New Jersey, completed its route between its namesake cities in 1834. The C&A eventually became part of the Pennsylvania Railroad. === 1851 - 1900 === === 1901 - 1950 === === 1950 - present === == Infrastructure == === Right of way, track and structures === As of 2003, there were 141,961 miles (228,464 kilometre) of standard gauge rail tracks in the united states. === Rolling stock === Every piece of railroad rolling stock operating in North American interchange service is required to carry a standardized set of reporting marks. The marks are made up of a two- to four-letter code identifying the owner of the equipment accompanied by an identification number and statistics on the equipment's capacity and tare (unloaded) weight. Marks whose codes end in X (such as TTGX) are used on equipment owned by entities that are not common carrier railroads themselves. Marks whose codes end in U are used on containers that are carried in intermodal transport, and marks whose codes end in Z are used on trailer (vehicle)s that are carried in intermodal transport. Typically, railroads operating in the United States reserve one- to four-digit identification numbers for powered equipment such as diesel locomotives and six-digit identification numbers for unpowered equipment. There is no hard and fast rule for how equipment is numbered, each railroad maintains its own numbering policy for its equipment. The types of equipment seen in trains on American railroads are not substantially different from the types seen around the world. ==== See also ==== * Diesel locomotive - the most frequent means of powering trains on American railroads * Railroad car - general overview of all car types in use * Passenger car - overview of car types used in passenger trains and their historical development === List of United States railroads === :''Main articles List of United States railroads and List of defunct United States railroads'' Railroad companies in the United States are generally separated into three categories based on their annual revenues: Class I railroad for freight railroads with annual operating revenues above United States dollar277.7 million (2004 dollars), Class II railroad for freight railroads with revenues between $10 million and $50 million in 1978 dollars, and Class III railroad for all other freight railroads. These classifications are set by the Association of American Railroads. In 1939 there were 132 Class I railroads. Today, as the result of mergers and bankruptcies, there are only seven railroads operating in the United States that meet the criteria for Class I: * BNSF Railway * Canadian National Railway * Canadian Pacific Railway * CSX Transportation * Kansas City Southern Railway * Norfolk Southern * Union Pacific Railroad Although Amtrak qualifies for Class I status under the revenue criteria, it is generally not considered a Class I railroad because it is not a freight railroad. == Regulation == == References == * United States Central Intelligence Agency (May 17, 2005), ''[http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/us.html The World Fact Book: United States]''. Retrieved May 26, 2005. Rail transport in the United States
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Rail_transport_in_the_United_States
Rail_transport_in_the_United_States
Rail transport in the United States
Rail transport by country Transportation in the United States
Rail transport in the United States
== Historical overview == :''Main article History of rail transport in the United States'' === Before 1800 === The oldest railroads in North America had their beginnings in the late 18th century. One of the earliest was a gravity railroad in Lewiston, New York, in the 1760s. === 1800 - 1850 === Railroad building in the United States began in earnest in the first half of the 19th century. Gridley Bryant, a construction engineer in Boston, Massachusetts, was one of the first to work on railroad projects in the US. In 1826 he was awarded a contract to build the Second Bank of the United States in Boston, and the Bunker Hill Monument in Charlestown, Massachusetts. In studying how to get the granite needed for these projects, Bryant came to the conclusion that a railroad like that of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, in England, that was currently in the planning stages. Bryant developed basic railroad :Category:Rail technologies including the railroad car (4- and 8-wheel designs), rail tracks, wheels, turntable, and load transfer equipment. The only real difference between Bryant's Granite Railway and the Liverpool and Manchester was in the motive power; Bryant used horses to pull his trains, while the Liverpool and Manchester used steam locomotives. Building on the knowledge learned with the Granite Railway and the pioneering railroads of England, other purpose-built railroads were soon chartered in the US. Incorporated in 1823, the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, which later became the Delaware and Hudson Railroad, built its first tracks in 1826 as a gravity railroad in Carbondale, Pennsylvania, to haul coal from a mine to the canal at Honesdale, Pennsylvania. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) was incorporated on February 28, 1827, to build a railroad connecting Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, DC; among the B&O's founders was Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence (United States). Both of these railroad companies lasted well into the latter half of the 20th century. Soon, other roads that would themselves be purchased or merged into larger entities, formed. The Camden and Amboy Railroad, the first railroad built in New Jersey, completed its route between its namesake cities in 1834. The C&A eventually became part of the Pennsylvania Railroad. === 1851 - 1900 === === 1901 - 1950 === === 1950 - present === == Infrastructure == === Right of way, track and structures === As of 2003, there were 141,961 miles (228,464 kilometre) of standard gauge rail tracks in the united states. === Rolling stock === Every piece of railroad rolling stock operating in North American interchange service is required to carry a standardized set of reporting marks. The marks are made up of a two- to four-letter code identifying the owner of the equipment accompanied by an identification number and statistics on the equipment's capacity and tare (unloaded) weight. Marks whose codes end in X (such as TTGX) are used on equipment owned by entities that are not common carrier railroads themselves. Marks whose codes end in U are used on containers that are carried in intermodal transport, and marks whose codes end in Z are used on trailer (vehicle)s that are carried in intermodal transport. Typically, railroads operating in the United States reserve one- to four-digit identification numbers for powered equipment such as diesel locomotives and six-digit identification numbers for unpowered equipment. There is no hard and fast rule for how equipment is numbered, each railroad maintains its own numbering policy for its equipment. The types of equipment seen in trains on American railroads are not substantially different from the types seen around the world. ==== See also ==== * Diesel locomotive - the most frequent means of powering trains on American railroads * Railroad car - general overview of all car types in use * Passenger car - overview of car types used in passenger trains and their historical development === List of United States railroads === :''Main articles List of United States railroads and List of defunct United States railroads'' Railroad companies in the United States are generally separated into three categories based on their annual revenues: Class I railroad for freight railroads with annual operating revenues above United States dollar277.7 million (2004 dollars), Class II railroad for freight railroads with revenues between $10 million and $50 million in 1978 dollars, and Class III railroad for all other freight railroads. These classifications are set by the Association of American Railroads. In 1939 there were 132 Class I railroads. Today, as the result of mergers and bankruptcies, there are only seven railroads operating in the United States that meet the criteria for Class I: * BNSF Railway * Canadian National Railway * Canadian Pacific Railway * CSX Transportation * Kansas City Southern Railway * Norfolk Southern * Union Pacific Railroad Although Amtrak qualifies for Class I status under the revenue criteria, it is generally not considered a Class I railroad because it is not a freight railroad. == Regulation == == References == * United States Central Intelligence Agency (May 17, 2005), ''[http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/us.html The World Fact Book: United States]''. Retrieved May 26, 2005. Rail transport in the United States
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
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