
''For the rule of Oliver Cromwell, see The Protectorate.'' In international law, a protectorate is a state or territory controlled by a more powerful state. The controlled state generally retains some degree of autonomy over internal affairs and is not a possession of the controlling state. The protectorate is almost always allowed to keep an indigenous ruler as nominal head of state. The controlling state typically directs foreign relations and defense. The relationship is established by treaty. In this sense a protectorate is a type of dependent area. Similar concepts to protectorate include suzerainty and a tributary. == 19th Century == The British devised the term after 1815, in ordering and validating their ''de facto'' occupation of Corfu and the seven Ionian islands during the last years of the Napoleonic hegemony. The islands were constituted by the Treaty of Paris in 1815 as the independent 'United States of the Ionian Islands' under British protection. Other British protectorates followed. In 1894 Prime Minister William Gladstone's government officially announced that Uganda was to become a British Protectorate, where Muslim and Christian strife had attracted international attention. The British administration installed carefully selected local kings under a program of indirect rule through the local oligarchy, creating a network of British-controlled civil service. Most British protectorates were overseen by a Commissioner or a High Commissioner, rather than a governor. == The League of Nations == The League of Nations established League of Nations Mandates, similar to protectorates, for "responsible" European powers in various areas of the non-European world. == US use of term == Some agencies of the United States government, such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency, use the term protectorate to refer to insular areas of the United States such as Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, as were the Philippines. However, the agency responsible for the administration of those areas, the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA) within the United States Department of Interior exclusively uses the term ''insular area'' rather than protectorate. Although the term "protectorate" is not used consistently by governmental agencies, some consider the ''insular areas'' to be protectorates of the United States. ==See also== *British Central Africa *British Somaliland *Bechuanaland Protectorate *Chinese Protectorate *German New Guinea *Miskito#History *Niger Coast Protectorate *Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia *suzerainty *tributary *Trucial States *United Nations Trust Territories Colonialism Dependent territories
These don't fit the definition. :Examples of "protectorates" include the allied occupation of post-World War 2 Japan and Germany. I reverted. Puerto Rico, American Samoa, etc. etc. are not protectorates under American law. Cuba was something of a protectorate in the early 20th century. --------------------- Actually, the Code of federal regulations defines "protectorate" as the definition is listed! This is because during the late 20th century a "protectorate" was unethical. Thus all treaties of a protectorate status were altered to exclude protectorates. Today possible protectorates are called Insular Areas, and governed by the OIA. (http://www.doi.gov/oia/). LINK: http://frwebgate3.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=76999812516+5+0+0&WAISaction=retrieve Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Volume 8, Revised as of July 1, 2003 “Protectorate means American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Virgin Islands.” ------- Remove reference to protectorate. http://www.doi.gov/oia/FAQ/faq2.htm ----- Meld above with search of CFR. Apparantly the EPA uses the term protectorate in internal correspondence and federal regulations to refer to insular areas, but no one else does, and the OIA argues that this terminology is incorrect. ---User:Roadrunner By the way if you think that is confusing, look at the the status of a treaty under United States law. ---User:Roadrunner
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Protectorate:
Protectorate
Protectorate
Protectorates
Protectorate_Bohemia_and_Moravia
Protectorate_General_to_Pacify_the_East
Protectorate_General_to_Pacify_the_East
Protectorate_Jack
Protectorate_Jack
Protectorate_of_Bohemia-Moravia
Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia
Protectorate
''For the rule of Oliver Cromwell, see The Protectorate.'' In international law, a protectorate is a state or territory controlled by a more powerful state. The controlled state generally retains some degree of autonomy over internal affairs and is not a possession of the controlling state. The protectorate is almost always allowed to keep an indigenous ruler as nominal head of state. The controlling state typically directs foreign relations and defense. The relationship is established by treaty. In this sense a protectorate is a type of dependent area. Similar concepts to protectorate include suzerainty and a tributary. == 19th Century == The British devised the term after 1815, in ordering and validating their ''de facto'' occupation of Corfu and the seven Ionian islands during the last years of the Napoleonic hegemony. The islands were constituted by the Treaty of Paris in 1815 as the independent 'United States of the Ionian Islands' under British protection. Other British protectorates followed. In 1894 Prime Minister William Gladstone's government officially announced that Uganda was to become a British Protectorate, where Muslim and Christian strife had attracted international attention. The British administration installed carefully selected local kings under a program of indirect rule through the local oligarchy, creating a network of British-controlled civil service. Most British protectorates were overseen by a Commissioner or a High Commissioner, rather than a governor. == The League of Nations == The League of Nations established League of Nations Mandates, similar to protectorates, for "responsible" European powers in various areas of the non-European world. == US use of term == Some agencies of the United States government, such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency, use the term protectorate to refer to insular areas of the United States such as Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, as were the Philippines. However, the agency responsible for the administration of those areas, the Office of Insular Affairs (OIA) within the United States Department of Interior exclusively uses the term ''insular area'' rather than protectorate. Although the term "protectorate" is not used consistently by governmental agencies, some consider the ''insular areas'' to be protectorates of the United States. ==See also== *British Central Africa *British Somaliland *Bechuanaland Protectorate *Chinese Protectorate *German New Guinea *Miskito#History *Niger Coast Protectorate *Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia *suzerainty *tributary *Trucial States *United Nations Trust Territories Colonialism Dependent territories
Protectorate
These don't fit the definition. :Examples of "protectorates" include the allied occupation of post-World War 2 Japan and Germany. I reverted. Puerto Rico, American Samoa, etc. etc. are not protectorates under American law. Cuba was something of a protectorate in the early 20th century. --------------------- Actually, the Code of federal regulations defines "protectorate" as the definition is listed! This is because during the late 20th century a "protectorate" was unethical. Thus all treaties of a protectorate status were altered to exclude protectorates. Today possible protectorates are called Insular Areas, and governed by the OIA. (http://www.doi.gov/oia/). LINK: http://frwebgate3.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=76999812516+5+0+0&WAISaction=retrieve Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Volume 8, Revised as of July 1, 2003 “Protectorate means American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Virgin Islands.” ------- Remove reference to protectorate. http://www.doi.gov/oia/FAQ/faq2.htm ----- Meld above with search of CFR. Apparantly the EPA uses the term protectorate in internal correspondence and federal regulations to refer to insular areas, but no one else does, and the OIA argues that this terminology is incorrect. ---User:Roadrunner By the way if you think that is confusing, look at the the status of a treaty under United States law. ---User:Roadrunner
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
P
PA | PB | PC | PD | PE | PF | PG | PH | PI | PJ | PK | PL | PM | PN | PO | PR | PS | PT | PU | PW | PX | PY | PZ |Words begining with Protectorate:
Protectorate
Protectorate
Protectorates
Protectorate_Bohemia_and_Moravia
Protectorate_General_to_Pacify_the_East
Protectorate_General_to_Pacify_the_East
Protectorate_Jack
Protectorate_Jack
Protectorate_of_Bohemia-Moravia
Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia
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