A phrase is a group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a Sentence (linguistics). For example ''the house at the end of the street'' (example 1) is a phrase. It acts like a noun. It contains the phrase ''at the end of the street'' (example 2), which acts like an adjective. Example 2 could be replaced by ''white'', to make the phrase ''the white house''. Examples 1 and 2 contain the phrase ''the end of the street'' (example 3) which acts like a noun. It could be replaced by ''the cross-roads'' to give ''the house at the cross-roads''. Each phrase has a word called its head (linguistics) which links it to the rest of the sentence. In English the head is often the first word of the phrase. Phrases may be classified by the type of head they take *Prepositional phrase (PP) with a preposition as head (e.g. ''in love'', ''over the rainbow''). Languages that use postpositions instead have postpositional phrases. The two types are sometimes commonly referred to as adpositional phrases. *Noun phrase (NP) with a noun as head (e.g. ''the black cat'', ''a cat on the mat'') *Verb phrase (VP) with a verb as head (e.g. ''eat cheese'', ''jump up and down'') *Adjectival phrase with an adjective as head (e.g. ''full of toys'') *Adverbial phrase with adverb as head (e.g. ''very carefully'') == Formal definition == A phrase is a syntax structure which has syntactic properties derived from its head (linguistics). For example ''the house at the end of the street'' is a noun phrase. Its head is ''house'', and its syntactic properties come from that fact. It contains prepositional phrase ''at the end of the street'', which acts as an adjunct. ''At the end of the street'' could be replaced by another adjunct, such as ''white'', to make the phrase ''the white house''. ''Of the street'', another prepositional phrase, acts as a complement of ''end''. Each phrase has a word called its head which gives it its syntactic properties. == Complexity == A complex phrase consists of several words, whereas a simple phrase consists of only one word. This terminology is especially often used with verb phrases: * simple past and present are simple verb, which require just one verb * complex verb have one or two grammatical aspects added, hence require additional two or three words "Complex", which is phrase-level, is often confused with "compound", which is word-level. See phrase structure rules, syntax, grammar. See also: Proverb ---- As search item with regard to search features of search engines and other computer programs, a phrase is a sequence of words, as opposed to just a set of words. ---- In music see Phrase (music). Syntax
An interesting issue that has arisen is the distinction between a complement and adjunct. In the phrase ''white house'' or ''house at the end of the street'', the part of the phrase other than the head (''house'') acts as a adjunct to the head. In the phase ''end of the street'', the part of the phase other than the head (''end'') acts as an complement of head. What is the difference? May be it's that I can imagine a ''house'' without its adjunct, but not an ''end'' without its complement. -- User:Karl Palmen I appreciate the need to give informal, easy-to-understand definitions, however I think that some of the stuff on the page now is inaccurate. ''the house at the end of the street'', though it is a noun phrase, does not "act as a noun". "House" is a noun, you can say ''a house of children'', but you cannot say ''*a the house the end of the street of children''. ''House at the end of the street'', though it is a constituent of the sentence, is not a phrase, at least not as in the linguistic sense, it's not really grammatical by itself in English; it needs some specifier like ''the'' to be a complete syntactic phrase. ''at the end of the street'' does not act as an adjective. Both the adjective given in the text and ''at the end of the street'' have the same syntactic function (an adjunct), but I don't see how you can say that the prepositional phrase acts as an adjective. There are many syntactic tests that can be performed which clearly show the difference. ''end of the street'' is not a phrase for the same reason that ''house at the end of the street'' is not. As to the difference between complements and adjuncts, I intend to write articles on the two subjects sometime soon. The difference is syntactic, but briefly, a complement is generally very specific to its head, and a head generally imposes strict conditions on what kinds of complements it can take whereas adjuncts can generally modify almost any head. ''white'' and ''at the end of the street'' are adjuncts and ''of the street'' is a complement. The best test to distinguish them is to note that you can say something like ''Which house? The white one'' and ''Which house? The one at the end of the street'', but you can't say ''Which end? *The one of the street''. -- User:AdamRaizen Is syntactic properties the same as syntactic categories? -- User:Karl Palmen A syntactic property is a property of a syntactic structure, such what type of a construction in can appear in, etc. It might be different from a syntactic category in some cases, I think. -- User:AdamRaizen ---- The bulk of the article seems to assume that Head-Driven Phase Structure grammar is the only possible valid context for use of the term as it applies to grammars. This POV seems to be the underpinning of discussion above as well. I would like to consider qualifying those sections as such and reintroducing some more common senses of the term. --User:Tabor 21:43, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC) : Actually, there's nothing at all HPSG specific about the article. The assumption that sentences can be divided up into headed "phrases" is shared by an enormous number of grammatical theories; it's not exclusive to HPSG. User:Cadr 06:23, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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Words begining with Phrase:
Phrase
Phrase
Phraseology:Tian_Gao_Huang-di_Yuan
PhraseologyEnglish
PhraseologyForeign
Phrases
Phrases
Phrases_in_fictional_languages
Phrase_(music)
Phrase_rhythm
Phrase_structure_grammar
Phrase_structure_grammar
Phrase_structure_rule
Phrase_structure_rules
Phrase_structure_rules
Phrase
A phrase is a group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a Sentence (linguistics). For example ''the house at the end of the street'' (example 1) is a phrase. It acts like a noun. It contains the phrase ''at the end of the street'' (example 2), which acts like an adjective. Example 2 could be replaced by ''white'', to make the phrase ''the white house''. Examples 1 and 2 contain the phrase ''the end of the street'' (example 3) which acts like a noun. It could be replaced by ''the cross-roads'' to give ''the house at the cross-roads''. Each phrase has a word called its head (linguistics) which links it to the rest of the sentence. In English the head is often the first word of the phrase. Phrases may be classified by the type of head they take *Prepositional phrase (PP) with a preposition as head (e.g. ''in love'', ''over the rainbow''). Languages that use postpositions instead have postpositional phrases. The two types are sometimes commonly referred to as adpositional phrases. *Noun phrase (NP) with a noun as head (e.g. ''the black cat'', ''a cat on the mat'') *Verb phrase (VP) with a verb as head (e.g. ''eat cheese'', ''jump up and down'') *Adjectival phrase with an adjective as head (e.g. ''full of toys'') *Adverbial phrase with adverb as head (e.g. ''very carefully'') == Formal definition == A phrase is a syntax structure which has syntactic properties derived from its head (linguistics). For example ''the house at the end of the street'' is a noun phrase. Its head is ''house'', and its syntactic properties come from that fact. It contains prepositional phrase ''at the end of the street'', which acts as an adjunct. ''At the end of the street'' could be replaced by another adjunct, such as ''white'', to make the phrase ''the white house''. ''Of the street'', another prepositional phrase, acts as a complement of ''end''. Each phrase has a word called its head which gives it its syntactic properties. == Complexity == A complex phrase consists of several words, whereas a simple phrase consists of only one word. This terminology is especially often used with verb phrases: * simple past and present are simple verb, which require just one verb * complex verb have one or two grammatical aspects added, hence require additional two or three words "Complex", which is phrase-level, is often confused with "compound", which is word-level. See phrase structure rules, syntax, grammar. See also: Proverb ---- As search item with regard to search features of search engines and other computer programs, a phrase is a sequence of words, as opposed to just a set of words. ---- In music see Phrase (music). Syntax
Phrase
An interesting issue that has arisen is the distinction between a complement and adjunct. In the phrase ''white house'' or ''house at the end of the street'', the part of the phrase other than the head (''house'') acts as a adjunct to the head. In the phase ''end of the street'', the part of the phase other than the head (''end'') acts as an complement of head. What is the difference? May be it's that I can imagine a ''house'' without its adjunct, but not an ''end'' without its complement. -- User:Karl Palmen I appreciate the need to give informal, easy-to-understand definitions, however I think that some of the stuff on the page now is inaccurate. ''the house at the end of the street'', though it is a noun phrase, does not "act as a noun". "House" is a noun, you can say ''a house of children'', but you cannot say ''*a the house the end of the street of children''. ''House at the end of the street'', though it is a constituent of the sentence, is not a phrase, at least not as in the linguistic sense, it's not really grammatical by itself in English; it needs some specifier like ''the'' to be a complete syntactic phrase. ''at the end of the street'' does not act as an adjective. Both the adjective given in the text and ''at the end of the street'' have the same syntactic function (an adjunct), but I don't see how you can say that the prepositional phrase acts as an adjective. There are many syntactic tests that can be performed which clearly show the difference. ''end of the street'' is not a phrase for the same reason that ''house at the end of the street'' is not. As to the difference between complements and adjuncts, I intend to write articles on the two subjects sometime soon. The difference is syntactic, but briefly, a complement is generally very specific to its head, and a head generally imposes strict conditions on what kinds of complements it can take whereas adjuncts can generally modify almost any head. ''white'' and ''at the end of the street'' are adjuncts and ''of the street'' is a complement. The best test to distinguish them is to note that you can say something like ''Which house? The white one'' and ''Which house? The one at the end of the street'', but you can't say ''Which end? *The one of the street''. -- User:AdamRaizen Is syntactic properties the same as syntactic categories? -- User:Karl Palmen A syntactic property is a property of a syntactic structure, such what type of a construction in can appear in, etc. It might be different from a syntactic category in some cases, I think. -- User:AdamRaizen ---- The bulk of the article seems to assume that Head-Driven Phase Structure grammar is the only possible valid context for use of the term as it applies to grammars. This POV seems to be the underpinning of discussion above as well. I would like to consider qualifying those sections as such and reintroducing some more common senses of the term. --User:Tabor 21:43, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC) : Actually, there's nothing at all HPSG specific about the article. The assumption that sentences can be divided up into headed "phrases" is shared by an enormous number of grammatical theories; it's not exclusive to HPSG. User:Cadr 06:23, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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PA | PB | PC | PD | PE | PF | PG | PH | PI | PJ | PK | PL | PM | PN | PO | PR | PS | PT | PU | PW | PX | PY | PZ |Words begining with Phrase:
Phrase
Phrase
Phraseology:Tian_Gao_Huang-di_Yuan
PhraseologyEnglish
PhraseologyForeign
Phrases
Phrases
Phrases_in_fictional_languages
Phrase_(music)
Phrase_rhythm
Phrase_structure_grammar
Phrase_structure_grammar
Phrase_structure_rule
Phrase_structure_rules
Phrase_structure_rules
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