Photograph

A photograph (often just called a photo) is an image (or a representation of that on e.g. paper) created by collecting and focusing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The most common photographs are those created of reflected visible wavelengths, producing permanent records of what the human eye can see. Most photographs are made with a camera, which focuses the light onto either photographic film or a Charge-coupled device or CMOS image sensor. Photographs can also be made by placing objects on photosensitive paper and exposing it to light (the result is often called a ''photogram'') or by placing objects on the platen of a Image scanner (see ''scanner art''). == History and special effects == Most traditional photographs are produced with a two-step chemical process. In the two-step process, the film holds a ''negative'' image (colours and lights/darks are inverted), which is then transferred onto photographic paper as a ''positive'' image. Another widely used film is the ''positive'' film used for producing Transparency (photography), usually mounted in cardboard or plastic frames called slides. Slides are widely used by professionals mostly due to their sharpness and accuracy of colour rendition. Most photographs published in magazines are still originally taken on colour transparency film. Originally almost all photographs were black and white. Although methods for developing color photos were available as early as the late 19th century, they did not become widely available until the 1940s or 1950s, and even in until the 1960s most photographs were taken in black and white. Since then, colour photography has dominated popular photography, although the black and white format remains popular for amateur photographers and artists. Black and white film is considerably easier to develop than colour. Sepia_tone-tinted_photograph_of_an_English_couple,_taken_in_1895">image:photograph.sept1895.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|250px| A Sepia_tone-tinted photograph of an English couple, taken in 1895

Panoramic format Images can be taken by using special cameras like the Hasselblad Xpan on standard film. Since the 1990s, panoramic photos have been relatively easy for the general population to take on Advanced Photo System film. APS was developed by several of the major film manufacturers to provide a "smart" film with different formats and computerized options available, though APS panoramas were created using a mask in panorama-capable cameras, far less desirable than a true panoramic camera which achieves its effect through wider film format. As with many past ideas in consumer film formats, APS has become less popular and will be discontinued in the near future. Digital photos can be stored in various file formats, of which JPEG is the most popular. Many other Graphics_file_format are used, including TIFF, PNG, GIF, and Camera raw. ==See also== *Largest photographs in the world *Photo archive *Photography *Photo op *Digital photography *Photographer *Pseudo-photograph *Voyager Golden Record *Wikipedia:Featured pictures *Wikipedia:Wikipedians/Photographers Photography

Photograph

Calling analogue photograph an obsolete technology is false, considering no substitute has yet been found for large format photograph, in aerial recognition, for example. The amount of information gathered by a large photographic plate in one single shot can't yet be rivaled by digital media. There are many applications where analog photograph (and related technology) still has a long way to go before being declared obsolete. One of those applications is (surprise!) in chip fabrication plants. -- Rnbc :I agree, and replaced that paragraph with one that I think works a little better. I also removed the reference to "analog" which isn't really appropriate; it is a chemical process. (Analog photography would use an electronic sensor like those used in analog video cameras, something I've never heard of for still photographs.) --User:Rick Sidwell 04:47, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC) ---- APS doesn't produce true panoramic pictures, does it? Don't they just cut the top and bottom of off the pictures so that they have a higher ratio of length to width, suggesting panoramic view? :I guess it depends on what you mean by "true panoramic pictures". Many people define panoramic to be a photo that has one dimension at least twice as long as the other, and APS panoramic photos have a 1:3 ratio, so I think they can be called panoramic pictures. But you are correct; this is achieved by cropping the top and bottom, using only 9.5mm of the 16.7mm high film. The quality won't be as good as with a true panoramic camera, but the advantage of APS is convenience: you can mix and match different formats on the same roll of film. The Advanced Photo System page mentions this, so I don't think this page needs to be modified (although I did make a minor correction). --User:Rick Sidwell 23:36, 1 Jan 2005 (UTC) I adjusted the APS/Pano segment. I (and most any serious about film formats) do not consider APS to be true panoramic format and would not offer it as same. It is a cropping of the 35mm film, nothing more. If there were to be a miniature film format in the dimension of the cropped segment that APS utilizes for "panoramic" shots, a format designed specifiacally for panoramas in miniature, then yes, I could accept that.

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