
A palindrome is a word, phrase, palindromic number or any other sequence of units (like a strand of DNA) which has the property of reading the same in either direction (the adjustment of spaces between letters is generally permitted). The word "palindrome" comes from the Greek language words ''palin'' ("back") and ''dromos'' ("racecourse"). Writing literature in palindromes is an example of constrained writing. Were the word Palindrome a palindrome it could be either palinnilap or emorddrome. According to Bill Bryson's ''Mother Tongue: English & How It Got That Way'' (p. 227): "Palindromes … are at least 2,000 years old. The ancient Greeks often put "ΝΙΨΟΝΑΝΟΜΗΜΑΤΑΜΗΜΟΝΑΝΟΨΙΝ" (or, in mixed case with [modern] accents and divided into words, Νίψον ανομήματα μη μόναν όψιν: "Nipson anomēmata mē monan opsin") on fountains (''ps'', ψ, is one letter in Greek, called psi), meaning "Wash the sin as well as the face." The Romans admired them, too, as demonstrated by "In girum imus nocte et consumimur igni" ("We enter the circle at night and are consumed by fire"), which was said to describe the behavior of moths. The Latin palindrome "Sator Arepo Tenet Opera Rotas" (roughly "The farmer by his labour keeps the wheels to the plough") is remarkable for the fact that it reproduces itself also if one forms a word from the first letters, then the second letters and so forth. Hence it can also be arranged into a square which can be read either horizontally or vertically: S A T O R A R E P O T E N E T O P E R A R O T A S The comedy singer \"Weird Al\" Yankovic produced a song entirely of rhyming palindromes on his 2003 album ''Poodle Hat'', called "Bob", both because the name Bob is a palindrome, and also likely as a reference to Bob Dylan, whose singing style and harmonica he emulated. Palindromes occur in many western languages, but they are particularly prevalent in English language due to the wide variety and frequent reversal of letter pairs within words. Finnish, however, has been described as "''the'' language of palindromes." Japanese language palindromes, called kaibun, rely on the hiragana syllabary, like the word "shinbunshi" (newsprint). Their syllabary makes it possible to make very long palindromes. Chinese language palindromes are relatively easy to create due to the structure of written Chinese. For example: 我愛媽媽,媽媽愛我 ("I love Mom; Mom loves me")—this is usually the first palindrome learned by Chinese kids. Numerous palindromes can be created by replacing "媽媽"(Mom) with any person. As a result, only very special palindromes are worth mentioning. In genetics, a palindromic DNA sequence can form a Hairpin_(genetics). Examples of palindromic words and phrases: == Symmetry by sound == ===Japanese language=== *Ta-ke-ya-bu ya-ke-ta (竹薮焼けた) - A bamboo grove has been burned. *Wa-ta-shi ma-ke-ma-shi-ta-wa (私負けましたわ) - I have lost. *Na-ga-ki yo-no to-ho-no ne-bu-ri-no mi-na me-za-me na-mi-no-ri-bu-ne-no o-to-no-yo-ki-ka-na (長き世の 遠の眠りの 皆目覚め 波乗り船の 音の良きかな) - Tanka *Shi-n-bu-n-shi (新聞紙) - News paper *Mi-ga-ka-nu ka-ga-mi (磨かぬ鏡) - Un-wiped mirror *Ni-ku-no-oo-i-oo-no-ku-ni (肉の多い大乃国) ===Korean language=== *Da keun do-ra-ji-il-ji-ra-do keun-da. (다 큰 도라지일지라도 큰다.) - Even full-grown balloonflower will grow. *Ga-ryeon-ha-si-da sa-jang-jip a-deul-ddal-deul-a jip-jang-sa da-si ha-ryeon-ga. (가련하시다 사장집 아들딸들아 집장사 다시 하련가.) - Pitiful are the president's siblings - will they come back to estate agentry? *Da-si-hab-chang-hab-si-da.(다시 합창합시다.) - Let's sing together again. The Icelandic musical band Sigur Rós composed a song on their album ''Ágætis byrjun'', which partly sounds the same, playing forwards or backwards. Not only symmetric from the notes, but also symmetric in the sound by mixing the reverse music over the original. The song—named "Starálfur"—can be downloaded from their website at [http://www.sigur-ros.co.uk/media/index.html http://www.sigur-ros.co.uk/media/index.html]. The interlude from Alban Berg's opera, ''Lulu (opera)'' is a palindrome, as are sections and pieces, in arch form, by many other composers, including James Tenney (swell), and most famously Béla Bartók's (and influenced by him Steve Reich). See also crab canon, in classical music: a canon (music) in which one line of the melody is reversed in time and pitch from the other. == Symmetry by the characters == ''Remark: Characters include letters and CJK characters.'' ===English language=== * Able was I, ere I saw Elba. (the famous Napoleon's Lament, source unknown) * Campus motto: Bottoms up, Mac! * Elba anemone, H.P. stressed, a-sits; t’is a desserts phenomena able! (another reference to Napoleon's apocryphal quote, though anemone, being posionous, are not edible) * Live Evil (used as an album title by, amongst others, the metal band Black Sabbath and jazz trumpeter Miles Davis) * redivider (the longest 'natural' palindrome in English) * Malayalam (language spoken in Kerala, India) * Liril (cosmetic soap popular in India) * tattarrattat, the longest palindrome in the Oxford English Dictionary, coined by James Joyce in ''Ulysses'' for a knock on the door * Madam, I'm Adam. (Eve's answer in Spanish is below.) ** Madam in Eden, I'm Adam. * Dennis and Edna sinned. * I nam’d am devil Eros; a sore-livéd madman, I. * Koselure Mordni La Palindrome rules - OK * Mr. Owl ate my metal worm. * Name now one man's sensuousness. Name now one man. * Never odd or even. * Radar (acronym from RAdio Detection And Ranging, so it's self-defining too - i. e., the word "bounces back" like a radar signal) * Racecar * Rotary gyrator * Ten animals I slam in a net. * Was it Eliot's toilet I saw? (Bill Bryson) * Was it a cat I saw? * A Man, a plan, a canal - Panama! (Leigh Mercer) ** Zeus saw 'twas Suez! ** Zeus, god, a dog, a plan, a canal, pagoda dog, Suez (J.Ramsey Michaels ** A man, a plan, a canoe, pasta, heros, rajahs, a coloratura, maps, snipe, percale, macaroni, a gag, a banana bag, a tan, a tag, a banana bag again, or: a camel, a crepe, pins, spam, a rut, a Rolo, cash, a jar, sore hats, a peon, a canal -- Panama! (attributed to Guy Steele) ** A man, a plan, a caret, a ban, a myriad, a sum, a lac, a liar, a hoop, a pint, a catalpa, a gas, an oil, a bird, a yell, a vat, a caw, a pax, a wag, a tax, a nay, a ram, a cap, a yam, a gay, a tsar, a wall, a car, a luger, a ward, a bin, a woman, a vassal, a wolf, a tuna, a nit, a pall, a fret, a watt, a bay, a daub, a tan, a cab, a datum, a gall, a hat, a fag, a zap, a say, a jaw, a lay, a wet, a gallop, a tug, a trot, a trap, a tram, a torr, a caper, a top, a tonk, a toll, a ball, a fair, a sax, a minim, a tenor, a bass, a passer, a capital, a rut, an amen, a ted, a cabal, a tang, a sun, an ass, a maw, a sag, a jam, a dam, a sub, a salt, an axon, a sail, an ad, a wadi, a radian, a room, a rood, a rip, a tad, a pariah, a revel, a reel, a reed, a pool, a plug, a pin, a peek, a parabola, a dog, a pat, a cud, a nu, a fan, a pal, a rum, a nod, an eta, a lag, an eel, a batik, a mug, a mot, a nap, a maxim, a mood, a leek, a grub, a gob, a gel, a drab, a citadel, a total, a cedar, a tap, a gag, a rat, a manor, a bar, a gal, a cola, a pap, a yaw, a tab, a raj, a gab, a nag, a pagan, a bag, a jar, a bat, a way, a papa, a local, a gar, a baron, a mat, a rag, a gap, a tar, a decal, a tot, a led, a tic, a bard, a leg, a bog, a burg, a keel, a doom, a mix, a map, an atom, a gum, a kit, a baleen, a gala, a ten, a don, a mural, a pan, a faun, a ducat, a pagoda, a lob, a rap, a keep, a nip, a gulp, a loop, a deer, a leer, a lever, a hair, a pad, a tapir, a door, a moor, an aid, a raid, a wad, an alias, an ox, an atlas, a bus, a madam, a jag, a saw, a mass, an anus, a gnat, a lab, a cadet, an em, a natural, a tip, a caress, a pass, a baronet, a minimax, a sari, a fall, a ballot, a knot, a pot, a rep, a carrot, a mart, a part, a tort, a gut, a poll, a gateway, a law, a jay, a sap, a zag, a fat, a hall, a gamut, a dab, a can, a tabu, a day, a batt, a waterfall, a patina, a nut, a flow, a lass, a van, a mow, a nib, a draw, a regular, a call, a war, a stay, a gam, a yap, a cam, a ray, an ax, a tag, a wax, a paw, a cat, a valley, a drib, a lion, a saga, a plat, a catnip, a pooh, a rail, a calamus, a dairyman, a bater, a canal - Panama! (Developed in 1984 by Dan Hoey with computer assistance). * To old Dallas, we Jews, all add loot. (J. Ramsey Michaels) * Too far, Edna, we wander afoot. (Bill Bryson) * Yawn! Madonna (entertainer) fan? No damn way! * Tarzan raised a Desi Arnaz rat. (Baby Gramps) * Norma is as selfless as I am, Ron. (W. H. Auden) * Go hang a salami. I'm a lasagna hog. (Baby Gramps) * Golf? No, sir, prefer prison-flog. * Sums are not set as a test on Erasmus. (W. H. Auden) * Satan, oscillate my metallic sonatas. (Stephen Fry) * No, it is opposed, art sees trades opposition. (W. H. Auden,on a discussion of photography vs. painting) * Straw? No, too stupid a fad. I put soot on warts. (Leigh Mercer) * No, son, onanism's a gross orgasm sin: a no-no, son. * Are we not drawn onward, we few, drawn onward to new era? (Bill Bryson) * Rettebs, I flahd noces, eh? Ttu, but the second half is better. (Stephen Fry) * Doc, note, I dissent. A fast never prevents a fatness. I diet on cod. (Peter Hilton) * "Peel's foe (not a set animal) laminates a tone of sleep." (Lyrics from ''Kew Rhone'') * "Lewd did I live, & evil I did dwel." (John Taylor (poet), the Water Poet) * "Rats live on no evil star" (from the novel ''Swords of Lankhmar'' by Fritz Leiber) * Rats drown in WordStar. * L. A. cigar -- too tragical (from ''Expiration Date'' by Tim Powers) * "On a clover, if alive, erupts a vast, pure evil: a fire volcano" * "Pull up if I pull up". * "Sit on a potato pan, Otis!" (source unknown) * "Reviled did I live, said I, as evil I did deliver." * "Rise to vote sir" (The Simpsons) * "Named undenominationally rebel, I rile Beryl? La, no! I tan. I'm, O Ned, nude, man!" (Cited by Martin Gardner) * Won't lovers revolt now? * No "X" in Nixon * I, man, am regal: a German am I * "Do nine men interpret?" "Nine men", I nod * [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0871636/ Robert Trebor], the stage name of actor Robert Schenkman * Was it a car or a cat i saw? * I, madam, I made radio! So I dared! Am I mad? Am I? - Spider Robinson * T Eliot, top bard, notes putrid tang emanating, is sad. I'd assign it a name: gnat dirt upset on drab pot toilet! * Damn Mad! * A Toyota's a Toyota. * Race fast, safe car * Ma is as selfless as I am * Stanley Yelnats, the name of the mail character in Holes by Louis Sachar ===Chinese language=== *我愛媽媽,媽媽愛我: "I love Mom, Mom loves me" *客上天然居,居然天上客. *人過大佛寺,寺佛大過人: "A man walks past Big Buddha Temple; the temple's Buddha is bigger than a man" *人人為我,我為人人: "Everybody cares about me, I care about everybody" *船上女子叫子女上船: "The woman on the boat is calling her children to go onboard" --- copy from ''[http://www.tbes.tcc.edu.tw/class66/66/%BA%F4%AD%B6/%A6%5e%A4%E5%B9C%C0%B8.htm 回文遊戲 (Palindrome Games)]'' ===Croatian language=== * ''Idi, idi!'': "Go, go!" * ''Perica reže raci rep'': "Perica is slicing the duck's tail." * ''Oko'': "Eye." * ''Ana voli Milovana'': "Ana loves Milovan." ===Czech language=== * ''Kobyla má malý bok'': "A mare has a small hip" * ''Jelenovi pivo nelej'': "Don't give a beer to deer" ===Danish language=== * ''En af dem der red med fane'': "One of those who rode with a flag" ** Derivate: ''En af dem der nedrev Sannas verden, red med fane''; "One of those who demolished Sanna's world, rode with a flag" * ''Gid da den dame så de sørens asner øse dåsemad ned ad dig'': "If only that lady saw those bastards pour canned food over you" * ''Skal Eva have laks?'': "Does Eva want salmon?" * ''Da den netop retter poten nedad'': "Because it's pointing its paw downwards" * ''Amok-igle redder elg i koma'': "Amok-leech saves moose in coma" * ''Du låner en ål ud.'': "You loan an eel" * ''Du er Freud'': "You are Freud" * ''Vær dog god, ræv!'': "Be good now, fox!" * ''Se så, René, smid du nu den røde messing-nisse med ørnedun ud, dimsen er Åses.'': "Look René, throw that red brass elf with eagle down (small feathers) out. The thing is Åse's." ===Dutch language=== * ''meetsysteem'': "measuring system" * ''parterretrap'': "stairway to the ground floor" * ''nepparterreserretrappen'' (less serious extension of the previous): "fake stairways from the ground floor to the sun lounge" * ''Mooie zeden in Ede zei oom'' "Nice customs in Ede said uncle" * ''Baas, neem een racecar neem een Saab'' "Boss, use a racecar, use a Saab Automobile" * ''Nogawagon'' "Nougat wagon" * ''Legovogel'': "A bird made of lego" * ''Maandnaam'': "Name of a month" * ''Lel'' "Earlobe" * ''Raar'' "Weird" * ''Koortsmeetsysteemstrook'' (Quoted by the Guinness Book of Records as the longest one-word palindrome in Dutch) "A strip which measures fever according to a certain system" * ''Kaak'' "Jaw" * ''Pap'' "Porridge" * ''Daad'' "Deed, act" * ''Neen'' "No" * ''Pop'' "Doll" * ''Tot'' "Until" * ''Kok'' "Cook" * ''Lol'' "Fun" * ''Non'' "Nun" * ''Dood'' "Dead" * ''Soos'' "Club" * ''Tut'' "Nitwit" * ''Pup'' "Pup, puppy" * ''Lepel'' "Spoon" ===Estonian language=== * ''Aias sadas saia'': "It rains white bread in the garden." * ''Kuulilennuteetunneliluuk'': "Bullet flying trajectory tunnel's hatch" ===Finnish language=== There are two 25-letter palindromes: * ''Solutomaattimittaamotulos'': "the result from a measurement laboratory for tomatoes" * ''Saippuakuppinippukauppias'': "soap cup batch trader" * ''Saippuakauppias'': "a soap vendor" (perhaps the most known Finnish palindrome) *''Neito sotien'': "The lady of the wars" *''Seimi mies'': "A manger man" *''Takat'': "fireplaces" *''Tilit'': "bank accounts" *''Tikit'': "stitches" *''Tofu ufot'': "Tofu ufos" Longer forms: *''Ai! Miksi akku tukka iski, Mia?'': "Ouch! Why did battery hair strike me, Mia?" * ''Atte kumiorava, varo imuketta!'': "Rubber squirrel Atte, beware the cigarette holder!" *''Ana, kanna kana'': "Ana, carry a hen" *''No Allah, halla on'': "Well, Allah, it's frost." *''Isyys! Iloitkaamme? Emma, akti oli syysi!'': "Fatherhood! Delighted to hear that? Emma, the intercourse was all your fault!" *''Neekeriväki siivosi, ilo oli iso, viisi kävi rekeen.'': "The negro folk cleaned up, there was much joy, five went into the sleigh." (Note that this might not be politically correct any more.) The comedic ensemble Alivaltiosihteeri (literally: "State Undersecretary") has composed whole books of palindromic poems. ===French language=== * ''elle'': "she" * ''non'': "no" * ''Laval'' Longer forms: * ''élu par cette crapule'': "elected by that toad" * ''la mariée ira mal'': "the married woman will be ill" * ''Eh, ça va la vache?'': "Hey, how you doing, cow ?" * ''Esope reste ici et se repose'': "Aesop is remaining here and relaxing" *''Et la marine va, papa, venir à Malte'': "And the navy, father, is coming to Malta" * Georges Perec wrote the longest palindrome ever (1247 words) Trace l'inégal palindrome. Neige. Bagatelle, dira Hercule. Le brut repentir, cet écrit né Perec. L'arc lu pèse trop, lis à vice-versa. Perte. Cerise d'une vérité banale, le Malstrom, Alep, mort édulcoré, crêpe porté de ce désir brisé d'un iota. Livre si aboli, tes sacres ont éreinté, cor cruel, nos albatros. Etre las, autel bâti, miette vice-versa du jeu que fit, nacré, médical, le sélénite relaps, ellipsoïdal. Ivre il bat, la turbine bat, l'isolé me ravale: le verre si obéi du Pernod -- eh, port su ! -- obsédante sonate teintée d'ivresse. Ce rêve se mit -- peste ! -- à blaguer. Beh ! L'art sec n'a si peu qu'algèbre s'élabore de l'or évalué. Idiome étiré, hésite, bâtard replié, l'os nu. Si, à la gêne sècrete-- verbe nul à l'instar de cinq occis--, rets amincis, drailles inégales, il, avatar espacé, caresse ce noir Belzebuth, ô il offensé, tire ! L'écho fit (à désert): Salut, sang, robe et été. Fièvres. Adam, rauque; il écrit: Abrupt ogre, eh, cercueil, l'avenir tu, effilé, genial à la rue (murmure sud eu ne tire vaseline séparée; l'épeire gelée rode: Hep, mortel ?) lia ta balafre native. Litige. Regagner (et ne m'...). Ressac. Il frémit, se sape, na ! Eh, cavale! Timide, il nia ce sursaut. Hasard repu, tel, le magicien à morte me lit. Un ignare le rapsode, lacs ému, mixa, mêla: Hep, Oceano Nox, ô, béchamel azur ! Éjaculer ! Topaze ! Le cèdre, malabar faible, Arsinoë le macule, mante ivre, glauque, pis, l'air atone (sic). Art sournois: si, médicinale, l'autre glace (Melba ?) l'un ? N'alertai ni pollen (retêter: gercé, repu, denté...) ni tobacco. Tu, désir, brio rimé, eh, prolixe nécrophore, tu ferres l'avenir velu, ocre, cromant-né ? Rage, l'ara. Veuglaire. Sedan, tes elzévirs t'obsèdent. Romain ? Exact. Et Nemrod selle ses Samson ! Et nier téocalli ? Cave canem (car ce nu trop minois -- rembuscade d'éruptives à babil -- admonesta, fil accru, Têtebleu ! qu'Ariane évitât net. Attention, ébénier factice, ressorti du réel. Ci-git. Alpaga, gnôme, le héros se lamente, trompé, chocolat: ce laid totem, ord, nil aplati, rituel biscornu; ce sacré bédeau (quel bât ce Jésus!). Palace piégé, Torpédo drue si à fellah tôt ne peut ni le Big à ruer bezef. L'eugéniste en rut consuma d'art son épi d'éolienne ici rot (eh... rut ?). Toi, d'idem gin, élèvera, élu, bifocal, l'ithos et notre pathos à la hauteur de sec salamalec ? Élucider. Ion éclaté: Elle ? Tenu. Etna but (item mal famé), degré vide, julep: macédoine d'axiomes, sac semé d'École, véniel, ah, le verbe enivré (ne sucer ni arreter, eh ça jamais !) lu n'abolira le hasard ? Nu, ottoman à écho, l'art su, oh, tara zéro, belle Deborah, ô, sacre ! Pute, vertubleu, qualité si vertu à la part tarifé (décalitres ?) et nul n'a lu trop s'il séria de ce basilic Iseut. Il à prié bonzes, Samaritain, Tora, vilains monstres (idolâtre DNA en sus) rêvés, évaporés: Arbalète (bètes) en noce du Tell ivre-mort, émeri tu: O, trapu à elfe, il lie l'os, il lia jérémiade lucide. Petard! Rate ta reinette, bigleur cruel, non à ce lot ! Si, farcis-toi dito le coeur ! Lied à monstre velu, ange ni bête, sec à pseudo délire: Tsarine (sellée, là), Cid, Arétin, abruti de Ninive, Déjanire. . . Le Phenix, eve de sables, écarté, ne peut égarer racines radiales en mana: l'Oubli, fétiche en argile. Foudre. Prix: Ile de la Gorgone en roc, et, ô, Licorne écartelée, Sirène, rumb à bannir à ma (Red n'osa) niére de mimosa: Paysage d'Ourcq ocre sous ive d'écale; Volcan. Roc: tarot célé du Père. Livres. Silène bavard, replié sur sa nullité (nu à je) belge: ipséité banale. L' (eh, ça !) hydromel à ri, psaltérion. Errée Lorelei... Fi ! Marmelade déviré d'Aladine. D'or, Noël: crèche (l'an ici taverne gelée dès bol...) à santon givré, fi !, culé de l'âne vairon. Lapalisse élu, gnoses sans orgueil (écru, sale, sec). Saluts: angiome. T'es si crâneur ! . . . Rue. Narcisse ! Témoignas-tu ! l'ascèse, là, sur ce lieu gros, nasses ongulées... S'il a pal, noria vénale de Lucifer, vignot nasal (obsédée, le genre vaticinal), eh, Cercle, on rode, nid à la dérive, Dèdale (M. . . !) ramifié ? Le rôle erre, noir, et la spirale mord, y hache l'élan abêti: Espiègle (béjaune) Till: un as rusé. Il perdra. Va bene. Lis, servile repu d'électorat, cornac, Lovelace. De visu, oser ? Coq cru, ô, Degas, y'a pas, ô mime, de rein à sonder: à marin nabab, murène risée. Le trace en roc, ilote cornéen. O, grog, ale d'elixir perdu, ô, feligrane! Eh, cité, fil bu ! ô ! l'anamnèse, lai d'arsenic, arrérage tué, pénétra ce sel-base de Vexin. Eh, pèlerin à (Je: devin inédit) urbanité radicale (elle s'en ira...), stérile, dodu. Espaces (été biné ? gnaule ?) verts. Nomade, il rue, ocelot. Idiot-sic rafistolé: canon ! Leur cruel gibet te niera, têtard raté, pédicule d'aimé rejailli. Soleil lie, fléau, partout ire (Métro, Mer, Ville...) tu déconnes. Été: bètel à brasero. Pavese versus Neandertal ! O, diserts noms ni à Livarot ni à Tir ! Amassez. N'obéir. Pali, tu es ici: lis abécédaires, lis portulan: l'un te sert-il ? à ce défi rattrapa l'autre ? Vise-t-il auquel but rêvé tu perças ? Oh, arobe d'ellébore, Zarathoustra! L'ohcéan à mot (Toundra ? Sahel ?) à ri: Lob à nul si à ma jachère, terrain récusé, nervi, née brève l'haleine véloce de mes casse-moix à (Déni, ô !) décampé. Lu, je diverge de ma flamme titubante: une telle (étal, ce noir édicule cela mal) ascèse drue tua, ha, l'As. Oh, taper ! Tontes ! Oh, tillac, ô, fibule à reve l'Énigme (d'idiot tu) rhétoricienne. Il, Oedipe, Nostradamus nocturne et, si né Guelfe, zébreur à Gibelin tué (pentothal ?), le faiseur d'ode protège. Ipéca...: lapsus. Eject à bleu qu'aède berça sec. Un roc si bleu ! Tir. ital.: palindrome tôt dialectal. Oc ? Oh, cep mort et né, mal essoré, hélé. Mon gag aplati gicle. Érudit rossérecit, ça freine, benoit, net. Ta tentative en air auquel bète, turc, califat se (nom d'Ali-Baba !) sévit, pure de -- d'ac ? -- submersion importune, crac, menace, vacilla, co-étreinte... Nos masses, elles dorment ? Etc... Axé ni à mort-né des bots. Rivez ! Les Etna de Serial-Guevara l'égarent. N'amorcer coulevrine. Valser. Refuter. Oh, porc en exil (Orphée), miroir brisé du toc cabotin et né du Perec: Regret éternel. L'opiniâtre. L'annu- lable. Mec, Alger tua l'élan ici démission. Ru ostracisé, notarial, si peu qu'Alger, Viet-Nam (élu caméléon !), Israël, Biafra, bal à merde: celez, apôtre Luc à Jéruzalem, ah ce boxon! On à écopé, ha, le maximum Escale d'os, pare le rang inutile. Métromane ici gamelle, tu perdras. Ah, tu as rusé! Cain! Lied imité la vache (à ne pas estimer) (flic assermenté, rengagé) régit. Il évita, nerf à la bataille trompé. Hé, dorée, l'Égérie pelée rape, sénile, sa vérité nue du sérum: rumeur à la laine, gel, if, feutrine, val, lieu-créche, ergot, pur, Bâtir ce lieu qu'Armada serve: if étété, éborgnas-tu l'astre sédatif ? Oh, célérités ! Nef ! Folie ! Oh, tubez ! Le brio ne cessera, ce cap sera ta valise; l'âge: ni sel-liard (sic) ni master-(sic)-coq, ni cédrats, ni la lune brève. Tercé, sénégalais, un soleil perdra ta bétise héritée (Moi-Dieu, la vérole!) Déroba le serbe glauque, pis, ancestral, hébreu (Galba et Septime-Sévère). Cesser, vidé et nié. Tetanos. Etna dès boustrophédon répudié. Boiser. Révèle l'avare mélo, s'il t'a béni, brutal tablier vil. Adios. Pilles, pale rétine, le sel, l'acide mercanti. Feu que Judas rêve, civette imitable, tu as alerté, sort à blason, leur croc. Et nier et n'oser. Casse-t-il, ô, baiser vil ? à toi, nu désir brisé, décédé, trope percé, roc lu. Détrompe la. Morts: l'Ame, l'Élan abêti, revenu. Désire ce trépas rêvé: Ci va ! S'il porte, sépulcral, ce repentir, cet écrit ne perturbe le lucre: Haridelle, ta gabegie ne mord ni la plage ni l'écart. ===German language=== * ''Eis feil. Ei, wo Eis feil, lief sie, o, wie lief sie!'' : "Ice for sale. Oh, were ice was for sale, she was running, oh how she was running!" * ''Ein Neger mit Gazelle zagt im Regen nie.'': "A negro with a gazelle never hesitates in the rain" * ''Die liebe Tote. Beileid.'' : "The dear deceased. Condolences." * ''Reliefpfeiler'' : "relief pillar" * ''Rentner'': "retiree" * ''Lagerregal'': "storage rack" [http://www.gnudung.de/kram/sprache/palindrom.htm weblink] ===Hungarian language=== * ''Géza, kék az ég'': "Géza, the sky is blue." * ''Rám német nem lel, elmentem én már'': "The Germans won't find me, I'm already gone." (1943) * ''Indul a görög aludni'': "The Greek goes to sleep." * ''Rémes tóga bagót sem ér'': "Crap chiton worths nothing." * ''Erőszakos kannak sok a szőre'': "Aggressive males have lots of hair." * ''Keresik a tavat a kis erek'': "Small streams look for the lake." * ''Kis erek mentén, láp sík ölén odavan a bánya rabja: jaj, Baranyában a vadon élő Kis Pálnét nem keresik!'': "Along the small streams and in the flat lap of the moorland gone the prisoner of the mine: oh, nobody looks for Ms. Kis Pál who lived in the woods of Baranya." (Created by ''Demők Béla''.) ===Icelandic=== * "Vá! Má merk skatan nota tonnatakskrem á máv?": Wow! Can the distinguished skate (fish) use superglue cream on a seagull? (Posted on [http://www.baggalutur.is/samhverfur.php Baggalútur].) ===Indonesian language=== * ''Kasur Nababan rusak'': "Nababan's matress is ruined" * ''Katak'' (the word for frog) * ''Kodok'' (the word for toad) ===Inuit=== * ''qajaq'': "kayak" (and so also a palindrome in English and some other languages). ===Italian language=== * ''alla'': "to the" (feminine singular) * ''ebbe'': "(he) had" (past historic) * ''osso'': "bone" * ''otto'': "eight" * ''Ai lati d'Italia'': "at Italy's borders" * ''accavallavacca'': cow-crosser * ''È Dio, lo gnomo mongoloide?'': Is the mongoloid gnome God? * ''Avida di vita, desiai ogni amore vero, ma ingoiai sedativi, da Diva'': "eager of life, I desired every real love, but I ended swallowing sedatives, as a Diva" * ''Autore, ero tua'': "Author, I was yours". * ''Alle sei arida dirà "ies", ella''. * ''I topi non avevano nipoti'': "the mice had no grandsons". * ''Otto, l'ateo poeta, lottò'': "Otto, the atheist poet, fighted". * ''Ero là, cercai lì acre calore''. * ''Oracolo caro'': "dear oracle". * ''I nasi sani'': "the healthy noses". * ''Angela, la fata, fa la legna'': "Angela, the fairy, makes firewood". * A complete Palindrome poetry, written by Roberto Morassi:
::''Ode a Roma Dorata''
::''O citta' nuova, ti balen'Amore,''
::''l'arte t'annoda. Ci nuota, la sera,''
::''Morte ideale. Vidi matto, ratto,''
::''serrarti, Diva, i nitidi livelli''
::''ma i lati d'Eva, no ! Nave d'Italia''
::''mille vili ditini avidi trarre''
::''sott'a'rottami di vela, e dietro''
::''mare salato, unica donna: te!''
::''Tra le romane l'abitavo, un attico....''
:::''A. Taro (d'amor aedo)'' * A play by Giancarlo Russo, made entirely of palindrome phrases: [http://psycho.asphalto.org/drammapalindromo.html] ===Latin=== * Ave, Eva! * Roma tibi subito motibus ibit amor. (Quintilian) * Si bene te tua laus taxat, sua laute tenebis. (Plinius) * Subi dura a rudibus. "Endure hardships from the rude." * Signa te, signa, temere me tangis et angis. * Adoro te animo, domina et oro da. * Meritis servi sinum munis ivres sitirem. * Aspice'nam raro mittit timor arma nec ipsa. * Si se mente reget non tegeret Nemesis. * Et tiger non regit te. ("And the tiger does not rule thee.") * Sum summus mus. ("I am the mightiest mouse.") * In girum imus nocte et consumimur igni ("We go in circles at night and are consumed by fire.") ===Lithuanian language=== * ''sėdėk užu kėdės'': a phrase. Means "Sit over the seat!". ===Norwegian language=== * ''Regninger'': The longest palindrome Norwegian word. Means "bills". * Alle krokene ned i den ene kork, Ella. ((put)all the hooks down in that one capsul, Ella * Agnes i senga. (Agnes [Norwegian name] in the bed) *Leseesel. (Reading donkey) * Alle reisetrette skal ete laks etter te, sier Ella. (All those tired of travelling shall eat salmon after tea, says Ella) ===Iranian language=== *شو همدم بلبل بلب هر مهوش--- شکر بترازوی وزارت برکش *گرگ *دود ===Polish language=== *''oko'': eye. *"''Kobyła ma mały bok''": ("A mare has small side.") *"''Zakopane na pokaz''": ("Zakopane for public insight.") *"''Może jutro ta dama da tortu jeżom''": ("Maybe this lady will give some cake to hedgehogs tomorrow.") *''kajak'': kayak (canoe). *''ala'': (female name). ===Portuguese language=== * "''Socorram-me, subi no ônibus em Marrocos''": ("Help me! I've climbed the bus in Morocco") * "''Me vé se a panela da moça é de aço, Madalena Paes, e vem''": "Check whether the lady's is a steel pan, Madalena Paes, and come" * "''Lamina Animal''": ("Animal Blade") * "''Rir, o breve verbo rir''": ("Laugh, the short verb laugh") * "''Morram após a sopa marrom''": "Die after the brown soup" * "''Ovo Novo''": "New egg" * "''Roma me tem amor''"-"Rome has love for me" Assim a aluna anula a missa: (this way, the schoolgirl annuls the missa). A cara rajada da jararaca (the streaky face of the jararaca [a kind of snake]). Anotaram a data da maratona (They annotated the date of the marathon). O romano acata amores a damas amadas e Roma ataca o namoro (The roman complies love to beloved ladies and Rome attacks love-making). ===Russian language=== * ''А роза упала на лапу Азора'': "And the rose fell upon the Azor's paw" ===Slovene language=== * ''Ali se bo Ana obesila?'': "Will Anna hang herself?" * ''Osem opitih hiti po meso'': "Eight drunk people run to get meat." * ''Ema, zakaj ni vinjaka zame?'': "Emma, why isn't there any brandy for me?" * ''Perica reže raci rep'': "Laundress cuts the duck's tail." ===Spanish language=== * ''Ojo'' "eye" * ''Reconocer'' "to recognize" * ''Anita, la gorda lagartona, no traga la droga latina.'' "Anita, the fat sly woman, does not swallow the Latin drug." * ''Dábale arroz a la zorra el abad.'' "The abbot was giving the vixen rice." * ''Sé verlas al revés.'' "I can see them backwards" * ''La ruta natural.'' "The natural route" * ''Las Nemocón no comen sal.'' "The Nemocóns don't eat salt." * ''Anás usó tu auto, Susana.'' "Anás used your car, Susana." * ''Adán no cede con Eva, Yavé no cede con nada.'' "Adam doesn´t yield for Eve, Yavé doesn´t yield for anything." * ''Así Mario oirá misa.'' "That way Mario will attend mass." * ''¡Abusón, acá no suba!'' "¡Pay atention, you can´t go up in here!" * ''Se corta Sarita a tiras atroces.'' "Sarita slices herself through horrible cuts." * ''Amigo, no gima.'' "Friend, don't moan" * ''Anita lava la tina.'' "Anita washes the bathtub." * ''Es Adán, ya ve, yo soy Eva y nada sé.'' "It is Adam, now you see, I am Eve and I know nothing." * ''Átale, demoníaco Caín, o me delata.'' "Tie him, evil Caine, or he exposes me." * ''¿Bergamo?, ¡no, Maghreb!.'' * ''Mal si le das la fe falsa del Islam.'' "Bad if you give him/her the false faith of Islam." * ''¡Oro! ¡Ya hay oro!'' "Gold! There's gold now!" * ''O rey, o joyero.'' "Either king or jeweler." * ''Alá, yo soy de Mahoma el dios. Oídle a Mohamed: yo soy Alá.'' "Allah, I am the God of Mahoma. Hear Muhammad: I am Allah." * ''O sacáis ropa por si acaso.'' "Or you take out some clothes, just in case" * ''Sometamos o matemos.'' "Let's submit or kill." * ''Oír Aida en ópera: la lírica Cirila la repone a diario.'' "To hear Aida in Opera: the Cirilic lyric replaces her daily." * ''Allí por la tropa portado, traído a ese paraje de maniobras, una tipa como capitán usar boina me dejara, pese a odiar toda tropa por tal ropilla.'' "There behaved by the troop, brought to that maneuvered place, a gal like a captain let me use beret, in spite of hating every troop by that cloth." * ''¡A tu padre, cerda puta!'' "To your father, pig whore!" ===Swedish language=== * ''Du har bra hud'': Meaning "You've got good skin" * ''Ni rakar bra, Karin'': Meaning "You shave well, Karin" * ''Ni talar bra latin'': Meaning "You speak good Latin" * ''Naturrutan'': Meaning "The Nature Square" * ''Gnupung'': Meaning "antelope-scrotum" * ''Varggrav'': Meaning "wolf-grave" * ''Retsyster'': Meaning "teasy sister" * ''Anne var i Ravenna'': Meaning "Anne was in Ravenna" * ''God arab åt tå, bara dog'': Meaning "Good Arab ate a toe, just died" * ''Moratös gav dem ett te med vag, söt arom'': Meaning "Girl from Mora (the town where Vasaloppet ends) gave them a tea with vague, sweet scent" * ''Tre bra brassar bar Bert'': Meaning "Three good Brazilians were carrying Bert" * ''Mus rev inuits öra, sa röst i universum'': Meaning "Mouse scratched Inuit´s ear, said voice in universe" * ''Nej, leta i ateljén!'': Meaning "No, search in the studio!" * ''I Reval sitta ni, inatt i slaveri'': Meaning "In Reval (Tallinn) you will sit, tonight in slavery" * ''Sirap i Paris'': Meaning "Syrup in Paris" * ''God apa gavs galna anlag, svag apa dog'': Meaning "Good monkey was given crazy genetic disposition, weak monkey died." -- note that all the spaces match, which is rare for longer palindromes * ''Dallasmygelmadamlegymsallad'': Meaning "A wangling lady in Dallas' green salad". * ''Märk stupid abrakadabra: ur fin ränsel lyfta rappa japaner samma mimosa som i mammas rena pajapparat fylles när ni fruar bada karbad i putskräm'': Meaning "Note stupid abracadabra: from fine knapsack do swift Japanese lift the same mimosa as is filled in mother's clean pie machine when you wives bath tub-bath in shoe polish" (archaic style) * ''anropa aporna!'': Meaning "Call the monkeys!". * ''Dromedaren Alpotto planerade mord'': Meaning "Alpotto the dromedary was planning murder". ===Tagalog language=== * ''Sila aalis.'': Meaning "They will leave." * ''Totorotot'': Meaning "Trumpets will blare" * ''Para sa mansanas na masarap'': Meaning "For a better-tasting apple" * ''O, tatayo yata to.'': Meaning "Look, I think this will stand up." * ''Nasa bayabasan'': Meaning "In the guava grove" ===Arabic language=== حصان ناصح Smart horse دام علا العماد May his highness ‘Emad’ last for ever. بكر معلق بقلع مركب ‘Bakr’ is suspended by a complex structure مودته تدوم لكل هول و هل كل مودته تدوم His love last through intimidate-time but will all of his love last? تُوْت raspberry خَوْخ peach لَيْل night ===Tamil language=== In dravidian script it is often tougher to produce palindromes, due to the structure of the language. however here is one example in a boxed semi-palindrome as it means the same when read across or down but not reverse. சி வா ஜி வா யி லே ஜி லே பி The line reads: Sivaji vayile Jalebi i.e. There is a Jalebi in Shivaji's mouth. It reads the same across and down. "காக்கா" meaning crow is one of the few true palindromes in Tamil. "மோரு தருமோ" meaning "Can I get some buttermilk(?)" is one of the longest sentences in the language. ===Hebrew language=== * סוס - Horse * ישי - Yishai, David's father (Male first name) * דוד - David, Yishai's son (also uncle) * נתן - Nathan or Natan, David's son * לאיתיאל - (The longest palindromic word in the Bible) * ולכשתשכלו - And when you will bereave (The longest palindromic word in Hebrew with meaning) * ילד כותב בתוך דלי - A boy writes inside a bucket * הדג בחר לחן לבלבל נחל רחב גדה - The fish picked a tune to confuse a wide stream * ? אבי אל חי שמך למה המלך משיח לא יבא - A question * דעו מאביכם כי לא בוש אבוש שוב אשוב אליכם כי בא מועד - An answer ===url=== * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ikiw/gro.aidepikiw.ne//:ptth (links back here) ===OCaml=== Up to the type definition, here's a palindrom written in Caml. It compiles. type 'a elbatum = 'a ;; type lol = bool ;; type pop = int ;; type b = { mutable lol : lol elbatum } ;; type i = { mutable pop : pop elbatum } ;; fun erongi lol pop n -> pop.lol <- let nuf = erongi ; fun erongi lol pop n -> pop.lol ; ignore n in erongi ; lol.pop <- n pop lol ignore nuf ; ignore = fun tel -> lol.pop <- n pop lol ignore nuf ;; ===C programming language=== Brian Westley made a C program for the 1987 International Obfuscated C Code Contest which is a line-by-line palindrome: http://www.ioccc.org/1987/westley.c === The world's longest palindromic sentence === To celebrate 20:02 02/20 2002, a palindromic day, Peter Norvig wrote on that day a [http://www.norvig.com/pal2.html computer program] that produced the [http://www.norvig.com/pal2txt.html world's longest palindromic sentence]: 17,259 words long. [http://www.norvig.com/palindrome.html] For a long palindrome in English that reads easier and attempts to flow is viewable [http://www.palindromelist.com/longest.htm here]. == Symmetry by the words == Some palindromes use words as units rather than letters. They Might Be Giants released a single called I Palindrome I (on the album Apollo 18 (album)), the lyrics of which include the word palindrome: ''"Son I am able," she said, "though you scare me." "Watch," said I, "beloved," I said, "watch me scare you though." Said she, "able am I, Son."'' Other examples: * You can cage a swallow, can't you, but you can't swallow a cage, can you? * Fall leaves as soon as leaves fall. == Symmetry by the lines == Still other palindromes take the line as the unit. The poem ''Doppelganger,'' composed by James A. Lindon, is such a palindrome. === Doppelganger === : Entering the lonely house with my wife : I saw him for the first time : Peering furtively from behind a bush -- : Blackness that moved, : A shape amid the shadows, : A momentary glimpse of gleaming eyes : Revealed in the ragged moon. : A closer look (he seemed to turn) might have : Put him to flight forever -- : I dared not : (For reasons that I failed to understand), : Though I knew I should act at once. : I puzzled over it, hiding alone, : Watching the woman as she neared the gate. : He came, and I saw him crouching : Night after night. : Night after night : He came, and I saw him crouching, : Watching the woman as she neared the gate. : I puzzled over it, hiding alone -- : Though I knew I should act at once, : For reasons that I failed to understand : I dared not : Put him to flight forever. : A closer look (he seemed to turn) might have : Revealed in the ragged moon. : A momentary glimpse of gleaming eyes : A shape amid the shadows, : Blackness that moved. : Peering furtively from behind a bush, : I saw him for the first time, : Entering the lonely house with my wife. The dialogue "[http://www.barryland.com/canon.html Crab Canon]" in Douglas Hofstadter's Gödel, Escher, Bach is nearly a palindrome-by-lines. The second half of the dialog is, with some very minor changes, the same lines as the beginning, in reverse order, spoken by the opposite characters (i.e., lines spoken by Achilles in the first half are spoken by the Tortoise in the second, and vice versa). In the middle is a non-symmetrical line spoken by the Crab, who enters and spouts some nonsense, apparently triggering the reversal. The structure is modeled after J. S. Bach's crab canon. ==Symmetry of dates and times== Palindromes can also be constructed using dates and times. The exact dates and times may differ according to the local style of writing dates and times. *''12/02/2021'' for the 12th February of 2021, using the (DD/MM/YYYY) format; or the 2nd December of 2021, using the (MM/DD/YYYY) format *''10/30/2002 03:01'' for the 30th October 2002, 3:01 AM, using the (MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM) format ==See also== * ambigram * anagram * ''Aoxomoxoa'' by the Grateful Dead * crab canon * pangram * transcription (linguistics) * word games * word play ==External links== *[http://www.fun-with-words.com/palindromes.html Palindromes] *[http://geocities.yahoo.com.br/site60aki/palindromos.html Palíndromos] - In Portuguese. *[http://www.kwiznet.com/p/takeQuiz.php?ChapterID=2043&CurriculumID=15 Palindromes Quiz] *[http://www.jasondoucette.com/worldrecords.html 196 Palindrome Quest / Most Delayed Palindromic Number] Linguistics Word games
I think this is some kind of a nonsense page. In each language there are practically infinite palindromes, especially if you also include sentences. Why the list in each language? you could fill a book just for one language. The part of the palindromes in different languages should be deleted and there could be put more weight on the history of palindromes and the way they are used in different languages. --me Is this ever likely to be anything more than a dictionary entry? If not, it should be deleted. --:Robert Merkel The Stephen Fry palindromes are from his book ''Paperweight''. I seem to remember that they're not by him, but rather the results of a competition he held in a newspaper column -- could someone who has a copy check this please? -- user:Tarquin My favorite word palindrome: ''Come, shall I stroke your whatever, darling? Darling, whatever your stroke, I shall come.'' (Willard Espy) --User:Ed Poor ---- what does "Koselure Mordni La Palindrome rules - OK" mean? User:Kingturtle 06:27 Apr 16, 2003 (UTC) : I think it doesn't mean anything. It looks like an artifically constructed palindrome as a joke. 08:17, Feb 7 2005 (UTC) ---- Sorry that I have to delete the Chinse palindromes below. There are palindromes far much famous and better. ''Source: [http://www.tbes.tcc.edu.tw/class66/66/%BA%F4%AD%B6/%A6%5e%A4%E5%B9C%C0%B8.htm 回文遊戲 (Palindrome Games)]'' * ''Shanghai zilaishui lai zi hai shang'' (上海自來水來自海上 in pinyin: shang4 hai3 zi4 lai2 shui3 lai2 zi4 hai3 shang4): "Shanghai's running water comes from the sea" * ''Zhongguo Shan zhong you Zhongshan Guozhong'' (中國山中有中山國中 zhong1 guo2 shan1 zhong1 you3 zhong1 guo2 zhong1): "In the China Mountain, there is Central-Mountain middle school"; alternate translation: "In between the Chinese mountains, there is Dr. Sun Yat-sen Middle School" * ''Hualian Yinshuachang shuayin lianhua'' (花蓮印刷廠刷印蓮花 hua1 lian2 yin4 shua1 chang3 shua1 yin4 lian2 hua1): "Hualien Press prints lotuses" * ''chuan shang nüzi jiao zinü shang chuan'' (船上女子叫子女上船 chuan2 shang4 nü3 zi3 jiao3 zi3 nü3 shang4 chuan2): "The woman on the boat is calling her children to go onboard" * ''tian shang long juan feng juan long shang tian'' (天上龍捲風捲龍上天 tian1 shang4 long2 juan3 long2 shang4 tian1): "The Chinese dragon up on the sky whirls a wind to roll a dragon up to the sky" ---- As it stands, the english transliteration of the greek palindrome fails. It starts "nips" and ends "psin". Is it not a palindrome, or is the transliteration wrong or ...? -- SGBailey 2003-12-02 :ps is one letter in Greek --User:Calieber 20:29, Dec 2, 2003 (UTC) ::This is the letter psi, or ψ. Therefore, ''nips … psin'' --> νιψ … ψιν. ---- I would love to see some information about the mathematics of palindromes. Such as that two are concatenated, they produce another and if a palindromes is made of two of the same word, that word must also be a palindromes. I think that this is far more useful than listing a bunch of known palindromes. == No more English examples please. == Unless there is a famous or historical context, there is no need to add any more English examples to this article. I suggest people delete the mundane or uninteresting ones as this articles really should consist more of the history significance or mathematics of palindromes. Perhaps there should be a list of palindromes article? User:Asteron User_talk:Asteron 17:43, May 12, 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Palindrome:
Palindrome
Palindrome
Palindromes
Palindrome
A palindrome is a word, phrase, palindromic number or any other sequence of units (like a strand of DNA) which has the property of reading the same in either direction (the adjustment of spaces between letters is generally permitted). The word "palindrome" comes from the Greek language words ''palin'' ("back") and ''dromos'' ("racecourse"). Writing literature in palindromes is an example of constrained writing. Were the word Palindrome a palindrome it could be either palinnilap or emorddrome. According to Bill Bryson's ''Mother Tongue: English & How It Got That Way'' (p. 227): "Palindromes … are at least 2,000 years old. The ancient Greeks often put "ΝΙΨΟΝΑΝΟΜΗΜΑΤΑΜΗΜΟΝΑΝΟΨΙΝ" (or, in mixed case with [modern] accents and divided into words, Νίψον ανομήματα μη μόναν όψιν: "Nipson anomēmata mē monan opsin") on fountains (''ps'', ψ, is one letter in Greek, called psi), meaning "Wash the sin as well as the face." The Romans admired them, too, as demonstrated by "In girum imus nocte et consumimur igni" ("We enter the circle at night and are consumed by fire"), which was said to describe the behavior of moths. The Latin palindrome "Sator Arepo Tenet Opera Rotas" (roughly "The farmer by his labour keeps the wheels to the plough") is remarkable for the fact that it reproduces itself also if one forms a word from the first letters, then the second letters and so forth. Hence it can also be arranged into a square which can be read either horizontally or vertically: S A T O R A R E P O T E N E T O P E R A R O T A S The comedy singer \"Weird Al\" Yankovic produced a song entirely of rhyming palindromes on his 2003 album ''Poodle Hat'', called "Bob", both because the name Bob is a palindrome, and also likely as a reference to Bob Dylan, whose singing style and harmonica he emulated. Palindromes occur in many western languages, but they are particularly prevalent in English language due to the wide variety and frequent reversal of letter pairs within words. Finnish, however, has been described as "''the'' language of palindromes." Japanese language palindromes, called kaibun, rely on the hiragana syllabary, like the word "shinbunshi" (newsprint). Their syllabary makes it possible to make very long palindromes. Chinese language palindromes are relatively easy to create due to the structure of written Chinese. For example: 我愛媽媽,媽媽愛我 ("I love Mom; Mom loves me")—this is usually the first palindrome learned by Chinese kids. Numerous palindromes can be created by replacing "媽媽"(Mom) with any person. As a result, only very special palindromes are worth mentioning. In genetics, a palindromic DNA sequence can form a Hairpin_(genetics). Examples of palindromic words and phrases: == Symmetry by sound == ===Japanese language=== *Ta-ke-ya-bu ya-ke-ta (竹薮焼けた) - A bamboo grove has been burned. *Wa-ta-shi ma-ke-ma-shi-ta-wa (私負けましたわ) - I have lost. *Na-ga-ki yo-no to-ho-no ne-bu-ri-no mi-na me-za-me na-mi-no-ri-bu-ne-no o-to-no-yo-ki-ka-na (長き世の 遠の眠りの 皆目覚め 波乗り船の 音の良きかな) - Tanka *Shi-n-bu-n-shi (新聞紙) - News paper *Mi-ga-ka-nu ka-ga-mi (磨かぬ鏡) - Un-wiped mirror *Ni-ku-no-oo-i-oo-no-ku-ni (肉の多い大乃国) ===Korean language=== *Da keun do-ra-ji-il-ji-ra-do keun-da. (다 큰 도라지일지라도 큰다.) - Even full-grown balloonflower will grow. *Ga-ryeon-ha-si-da sa-jang-jip a-deul-ddal-deul-a jip-jang-sa da-si ha-ryeon-ga. (가련하시다 사장집 아들딸들아 집장사 다시 하련가.) - Pitiful are the president's siblings - will they come back to estate agentry? *Da-si-hab-chang-hab-si-da.(다시 합창합시다.) - Let's sing together again. The Icelandic musical band Sigur Rós composed a song on their album ''Ágætis byrjun'', which partly sounds the same, playing forwards or backwards. Not only symmetric from the notes, but also symmetric in the sound by mixing the reverse music over the original. The song—named "Starálfur"—can be downloaded from their website at [http://www.sigur-ros.co.uk/media/index.html http://www.sigur-ros.co.uk/media/index.html]. The interlude from Alban Berg's opera, ''Lulu (opera)'' is a palindrome, as are sections and pieces, in arch form, by many other composers, including James Tenney (swell), and most famously Béla Bartók's (and influenced by him Steve Reich). See also crab canon, in classical music: a canon (music) in which one line of the melody is reversed in time and pitch from the other. == Symmetry by the characters == ''Remark: Characters include letters and CJK characters.'' ===English language=== * Able was I, ere I saw Elba. (the famous Napoleon's Lament, source unknown) * Campus motto: Bottoms up, Mac! * Elba anemone, H.P. stressed, a-sits; t’is a desserts phenomena able! (another reference to Napoleon's apocryphal quote, though anemone, being posionous, are not edible) * Live Evil (used as an album title by, amongst others, the metal band Black Sabbath and jazz trumpeter Miles Davis) * redivider (the longest 'natural' palindrome in English) * Malayalam (language spoken in Kerala, India) * Liril (cosmetic soap popular in India) * tattarrattat, the longest palindrome in the Oxford English Dictionary, coined by James Joyce in ''Ulysses'' for a knock on the door * Madam, I'm Adam. (Eve's answer in Spanish is below.) ** Madam in Eden, I'm Adam. * Dennis and Edna sinned. * I nam’d am devil Eros; a sore-livéd madman, I. * Koselure Mordni La Palindrome rules - OK * Mr. Owl ate my metal worm. * Name now one man's sensuousness. Name now one man. * Never odd or even. * Radar (acronym from RAdio Detection And Ranging, so it's self-defining too - i. e., the word "bounces back" like a radar signal) * Racecar * Rotary gyrator * Ten animals I slam in a net. * Was it Eliot's toilet I saw? (Bill Bryson) * Was it a cat I saw? * A Man, a plan, a canal - Panama! (Leigh Mercer) ** Zeus saw 'twas Suez! ** Zeus, god, a dog, a plan, a canal, pagoda dog, Suez (J.Ramsey Michaels ** A man, a plan, a canoe, pasta, heros, rajahs, a coloratura, maps, snipe, percale, macaroni, a gag, a banana bag, a tan, a tag, a banana bag again, or: a camel, a crepe, pins, spam, a rut, a Rolo, cash, a jar, sore hats, a peon, a canal -- Panama! (attributed to Guy Steele) ** A man, a plan, a caret, a ban, a myriad, a sum, a lac, a liar, a hoop, a pint, a catalpa, a gas, an oil, a bird, a yell, a vat, a caw, a pax, a wag, a tax, a nay, a ram, a cap, a yam, a gay, a tsar, a wall, a car, a luger, a ward, a bin, a woman, a vassal, a wolf, a tuna, a nit, a pall, a fret, a watt, a bay, a daub, a tan, a cab, a datum, a gall, a hat, a fag, a zap, a say, a jaw, a lay, a wet, a gallop, a tug, a trot, a trap, a tram, a torr, a caper, a top, a tonk, a toll, a ball, a fair, a sax, a minim, a tenor, a bass, a passer, a capital, a rut, an amen, a ted, a cabal, a tang, a sun, an ass, a maw, a sag, a jam, a dam, a sub, a salt, an axon, a sail, an ad, a wadi, a radian, a room, a rood, a rip, a tad, a pariah, a revel, a reel, a reed, a pool, a plug, a pin, a peek, a parabola, a dog, a pat, a cud, a nu, a fan, a pal, a rum, a nod, an eta, a lag, an eel, a batik, a mug, a mot, a nap, a maxim, a mood, a leek, a grub, a gob, a gel, a drab, a citadel, a total, a cedar, a tap, a gag, a rat, a manor, a bar, a gal, a cola, a pap, a yaw, a tab, a raj, a gab, a nag, a pagan, a bag, a jar, a bat, a way, a papa, a local, a gar, a baron, a mat, a rag, a gap, a tar, a decal, a tot, a led, a tic, a bard, a leg, a bog, a burg, a keel, a doom, a mix, a map, an atom, a gum, a kit, a baleen, a gala, a ten, a don, a mural, a pan, a faun, a ducat, a pagoda, a lob, a rap, a keep, a nip, a gulp, a loop, a deer, a leer, a lever, a hair, a pad, a tapir, a door, a moor, an aid, a raid, a wad, an alias, an ox, an atlas, a bus, a madam, a jag, a saw, a mass, an anus, a gnat, a lab, a cadet, an em, a natural, a tip, a caress, a pass, a baronet, a minimax, a sari, a fall, a ballot, a knot, a pot, a rep, a carrot, a mart, a part, a tort, a gut, a poll, a gateway, a law, a jay, a sap, a zag, a fat, a hall, a gamut, a dab, a can, a tabu, a day, a batt, a waterfall, a patina, a nut, a flow, a lass, a van, a mow, a nib, a draw, a regular, a call, a war, a stay, a gam, a yap, a cam, a ray, an ax, a tag, a wax, a paw, a cat, a valley, a drib, a lion, a saga, a plat, a catnip, a pooh, a rail, a calamus, a dairyman, a bater, a canal - Panama! (Developed in 1984 by Dan Hoey with computer assistance). * To old Dallas, we Jews, all add loot. (J. Ramsey Michaels) * Too far, Edna, we wander afoot. (Bill Bryson) * Yawn! Madonna (entertainer) fan? No damn way! * Tarzan raised a Desi Arnaz rat. (Baby Gramps) * Norma is as selfless as I am, Ron. (W. H. Auden) * Go hang a salami. I'm a lasagna hog. (Baby Gramps) * Golf? No, sir, prefer prison-flog. * Sums are not set as a test on Erasmus. (W. H. Auden) * Satan, oscillate my metallic sonatas. (Stephen Fry) * No, it is opposed, art sees trades opposition. (W. H. Auden,on a discussion of photography vs. painting) * Straw? No, too stupid a fad. I put soot on warts. (Leigh Mercer) * No, son, onanism's a gross orgasm sin: a no-no, son. * Are we not drawn onward, we few, drawn onward to new era? (Bill Bryson) * Rettebs, I flahd noces, eh? Ttu, but the second half is better. (Stephen Fry) * Doc, note, I dissent. A fast never prevents a fatness. I diet on cod. (Peter Hilton) * "Peel's foe (not a set animal) laminates a tone of sleep." (Lyrics from ''Kew Rhone'') * "Lewd did I live, & evil I did dwel." (John Taylor (poet), the Water Poet) * "Rats live on no evil star" (from the novel ''Swords of Lankhmar'' by Fritz Leiber) * Rats drown in WordStar. * L. A. cigar -- too tragical (from ''Expiration Date'' by Tim Powers) * "On a clover, if alive, erupts a vast, pure evil: a fire volcano" * "Pull up if I pull up". * "Sit on a potato pan, Otis!" (source unknown) * "Reviled did I live, said I, as evil I did deliver." * "Rise to vote sir" (The Simpsons) * "Named undenominationally rebel, I rile Beryl? La, no! I tan. I'm, O Ned, nude, man!" (Cited by Martin Gardner) * Won't lovers revolt now? * No "X" in Nixon * I, man, am regal: a German am I * "Do nine men interpret?" "Nine men", I nod * [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0871636/ Robert Trebor], the stage name of actor Robert Schenkman * Was it a car or a cat i saw? * I, madam, I made radio! So I dared! Am I mad? Am I? - Spider Robinson * T Eliot, top bard, notes putrid tang emanating, is sad. I'd assign it a name: gnat dirt upset on drab pot toilet! * Damn Mad! * A Toyota's a Toyota. * Race fast, safe car * Ma is as selfless as I am * Stanley Yelnats, the name of the mail character in Holes by Louis Sachar ===Chinese language=== *我愛媽媽,媽媽愛我: "I love Mom, Mom loves me" *客上天然居,居然天上客. *人過大佛寺,寺佛大過人: "A man walks past Big Buddha Temple; the temple's Buddha is bigger than a man" *人人為我,我為人人: "Everybody cares about me, I care about everybody" *船上女子叫子女上船: "The woman on the boat is calling her children to go onboard" --- copy from ''[http://www.tbes.tcc.edu.tw/class66/66/%BA%F4%AD%B6/%A6%5e%A4%E5%B9C%C0%B8.htm 回文遊戲 (Palindrome Games)]'' ===Croatian language=== * ''Idi, idi!'': "Go, go!" * ''Perica reže raci rep'': "Perica is slicing the duck's tail." * ''Oko'': "Eye." * ''Ana voli Milovana'': "Ana loves Milovan." ===Czech language=== * ''Kobyla má malý bok'': "A mare has a small hip" * ''Jelenovi pivo nelej'': "Don't give a beer to deer" ===Danish language=== * ''En af dem der red med fane'': "One of those who rode with a flag" ** Derivate: ''En af dem der nedrev Sannas verden, red med fane''; "One of those who demolished Sanna's world, rode with a flag" * ''Gid da den dame så de sørens asner øse dåsemad ned ad dig'': "If only that lady saw those bastards pour canned food over you" * ''Skal Eva have laks?'': "Does Eva want salmon?" * ''Da den netop retter poten nedad'': "Because it's pointing its paw downwards" * ''Amok-igle redder elg i koma'': "Amok-leech saves moose in coma" * ''Du låner en ål ud.'': "You loan an eel" * ''Du er Freud'': "You are Freud" * ''Vær dog god, ræv!'': "Be good now, fox!" * ''Se så, René, smid du nu den røde messing-nisse med ørnedun ud, dimsen er Åses.'': "Look René, throw that red brass elf with eagle down (small feathers) out. The thing is Åse's." ===Dutch language=== * ''meetsysteem'': "measuring system" * ''parterretrap'': "stairway to the ground floor" * ''nepparterreserretrappen'' (less serious extension of the previous): "fake stairways from the ground floor to the sun lounge" * ''Mooie zeden in Ede zei oom'' "Nice customs in Ede said uncle" * ''Baas, neem een racecar neem een Saab'' "Boss, use a racecar, use a Saab Automobile" * ''Nogawagon'' "Nougat wagon" * ''Legovogel'': "A bird made of lego" * ''Maandnaam'': "Name of a month" * ''Lel'' "Earlobe" * ''Raar'' "Weird" * ''Koortsmeetsysteemstrook'' (Quoted by the Guinness Book of Records as the longest one-word palindrome in Dutch) "A strip which measures fever according to a certain system" * ''Kaak'' "Jaw" * ''Pap'' "Porridge" * ''Daad'' "Deed, act" * ''Neen'' "No" * ''Pop'' "Doll" * ''Tot'' "Until" * ''Kok'' "Cook" * ''Lol'' "Fun" * ''Non'' "Nun" * ''Dood'' "Dead" * ''Soos'' "Club" * ''Tut'' "Nitwit" * ''Pup'' "Pup, puppy" * ''Lepel'' "Spoon" ===Estonian language=== * ''Aias sadas saia'': "It rains white bread in the garden." * ''Kuulilennuteetunneliluuk'': "Bullet flying trajectory tunnel's hatch" ===Finnish language=== There are two 25-letter palindromes: * ''Solutomaattimittaamotulos'': "the result from a measurement laboratory for tomatoes" * ''Saippuakuppinippukauppias'': "soap cup batch trader" * ''Saippuakauppias'': "a soap vendor" (perhaps the most known Finnish palindrome) *''Neito sotien'': "The lady of the wars" *''Seimi mies'': "A manger man" *''Takat'': "fireplaces" *''Tilit'': "bank accounts" *''Tikit'': "stitches" *''Tofu ufot'': "Tofu ufos" Longer forms: *''Ai! Miksi akku tukka iski, Mia?'': "Ouch! Why did battery hair strike me, Mia?" * ''Atte kumiorava, varo imuketta!'': "Rubber squirrel Atte, beware the cigarette holder!" *''Ana, kanna kana'': "Ana, carry a hen" *''No Allah, halla on'': "Well, Allah, it's frost." *''Isyys! Iloitkaamme? Emma, akti oli syysi!'': "Fatherhood! Delighted to hear that? Emma, the intercourse was all your fault!" *''Neekeriväki siivosi, ilo oli iso, viisi kävi rekeen.'': "The negro folk cleaned up, there was much joy, five went into the sleigh." (Note that this might not be politically correct any more.) The comedic ensemble Alivaltiosihteeri (literally: "State Undersecretary") has composed whole books of palindromic poems. ===French language=== * ''elle'': "she" * ''non'': "no" * ''Laval'' Longer forms: * ''élu par cette crapule'': "elected by that toad" * ''la mariée ira mal'': "the married woman will be ill" * ''Eh, ça va la vache?'': "Hey, how you doing, cow ?" * ''Esope reste ici et se repose'': "Aesop is remaining here and relaxing" *''Et la marine va, papa, venir à Malte'': "And the navy, father, is coming to Malta" * Georges Perec wrote the longest palindrome ever (1247 words) Trace l'inégal palindrome. Neige. Bagatelle, dira Hercule. Le brut repentir, cet écrit né Perec. L'arc lu pèse trop, lis à vice-versa. Perte. Cerise d'une vérité banale, le Malstrom, Alep, mort édulcoré, crêpe porté de ce désir brisé d'un iota. Livre si aboli, tes sacres ont éreinté, cor cruel, nos albatros. Etre las, autel bâti, miette vice-versa du jeu que fit, nacré, médical, le sélénite relaps, ellipsoïdal. Ivre il bat, la turbine bat, l'isolé me ravale: le verre si obéi du Pernod -- eh, port su ! -- obsédante sonate teintée d'ivresse. Ce rêve se mit -- peste ! -- à blaguer. Beh ! L'art sec n'a si peu qu'algèbre s'élabore de l'or évalué. Idiome étiré, hésite, bâtard replié, l'os nu. Si, à la gêne sècrete-- verbe nul à l'instar de cinq occis--, rets amincis, drailles inégales, il, avatar espacé, caresse ce noir Belzebuth, ô il offensé, tire ! L'écho fit (à désert): Salut, sang, robe et été. Fièvres. Adam, rauque; il écrit: Abrupt ogre, eh, cercueil, l'avenir tu, effilé, genial à la rue (murmure sud eu ne tire vaseline séparée; l'épeire gelée rode: Hep, mortel ?) lia ta balafre native. Litige. Regagner (et ne m'...). Ressac. Il frémit, se sape, na ! Eh, cavale! Timide, il nia ce sursaut. Hasard repu, tel, le magicien à morte me lit. Un ignare le rapsode, lacs ému, mixa, mêla: Hep, Oceano Nox, ô, béchamel azur ! Éjaculer ! Topaze ! Le cèdre, malabar faible, Arsinoë le macule, mante ivre, glauque, pis, l'air atone (sic). Art sournois: si, médicinale, l'autre glace (Melba ?) l'un ? N'alertai ni pollen (retêter: gercé, repu, denté...) ni tobacco. Tu, désir, brio rimé, eh, prolixe nécrophore, tu ferres l'avenir velu, ocre, cromant-né ? Rage, l'ara. Veuglaire. Sedan, tes elzévirs t'obsèdent. Romain ? Exact. Et Nemrod selle ses Samson ! Et nier téocalli ? Cave canem (car ce nu trop minois -- rembuscade d'éruptives à babil -- admonesta, fil accru, Têtebleu ! qu'Ariane évitât net. Attention, ébénier factice, ressorti du réel. Ci-git. Alpaga, gnôme, le héros se lamente, trompé, chocolat: ce laid totem, ord, nil aplati, rituel biscornu; ce sacré bédeau (quel bât ce Jésus!). Palace piégé, Torpédo drue si à fellah tôt ne peut ni le Big à ruer bezef. L'eugéniste en rut consuma d'art son épi d'éolienne ici rot (eh... rut ?). Toi, d'idem gin, élèvera, élu, bifocal, l'ithos et notre pathos à la hauteur de sec salamalec ? Élucider. Ion éclaté: Elle ? Tenu. Etna but (item mal famé), degré vide, julep: macédoine d'axiomes, sac semé d'École, véniel, ah, le verbe enivré (ne sucer ni arreter, eh ça jamais !) lu n'abolira le hasard ? Nu, ottoman à écho, l'art su, oh, tara zéro, belle Deborah, ô, sacre ! Pute, vertubleu, qualité si vertu à la part tarifé (décalitres ?) et nul n'a lu trop s'il séria de ce basilic Iseut. Il à prié bonzes, Samaritain, Tora, vilains monstres (idolâtre DNA en sus) rêvés, évaporés: Arbalète (bètes) en noce du Tell ivre-mort, émeri tu: O, trapu à elfe, il lie l'os, il lia jérémiade lucide. Petard! Rate ta reinette, bigleur cruel, non à ce lot ! Si, farcis-toi dito le coeur ! Lied à monstre velu, ange ni bête, sec à pseudo délire: Tsarine (sellée, là), Cid, Arétin, abruti de Ninive, Déjanire. . . Le Phenix, eve de sables, écarté, ne peut égarer racines radiales en mana: l'Oubli, fétiche en argile. Foudre. Prix: Ile de la Gorgone en roc, et, ô, Licorne écartelée, Sirène, rumb à bannir à ma (Red n'osa) niére de mimosa: Paysage d'Ourcq ocre sous ive d'écale; Volcan. Roc: tarot célé du Père. Livres. Silène bavard, replié sur sa nullité (nu à je) belge: ipséité banale. L' (eh, ça !) hydromel à ri, psaltérion. Errée Lorelei... Fi ! Marmelade déviré d'Aladine. D'or, Noël: crèche (l'an ici taverne gelée dès bol...) à santon givré, fi !, culé de l'âne vairon. Lapalisse élu, gnoses sans orgueil (écru, sale, sec). Saluts: angiome. T'es si crâneur ! . . . Rue. Narcisse ! Témoignas-tu ! l'ascèse, là, sur ce lieu gros, nasses ongulées... S'il a pal, noria vénale de Lucifer, vignot nasal (obsédée, le genre vaticinal), eh, Cercle, on rode, nid à la dérive, Dèdale (M. . . !) ramifié ? Le rôle erre, noir, et la spirale mord, y hache l'élan abêti: Espiègle (béjaune) Till: un as rusé. Il perdra. Va bene. Lis, servile repu d'électorat, cornac, Lovelace. De visu, oser ? Coq cru, ô, Degas, y'a pas, ô mime, de rein à sonder: à marin nabab, murène risée. Le trace en roc, ilote cornéen. O, grog, ale d'elixir perdu, ô, feligrane! Eh, cité, fil bu ! ô ! l'anamnèse, lai d'arsenic, arrérage tué, pénétra ce sel-base de Vexin. Eh, pèlerin à (Je: devin inédit) urbanité radicale (elle s'en ira...), stérile, dodu. Espaces (été biné ? gnaule ?) verts. Nomade, il rue, ocelot. Idiot-sic rafistolé: canon ! Leur cruel gibet te niera, têtard raté, pédicule d'aimé rejailli. Soleil lie, fléau, partout ire (Métro, Mer, Ville...) tu déconnes. Été: bètel à brasero. Pavese versus Neandertal ! O, diserts noms ni à Livarot ni à Tir ! Amassez. N'obéir. Pali, tu es ici: lis abécédaires, lis portulan: l'un te sert-il ? à ce défi rattrapa l'autre ? Vise-t-il auquel but rêvé tu perças ? Oh, arobe d'ellébore, Zarathoustra! L'ohcéan à mot (Toundra ? Sahel ?) à ri: Lob à nul si à ma jachère, terrain récusé, nervi, née brève l'haleine véloce de mes casse-moix à (Déni, ô !) décampé. Lu, je diverge de ma flamme titubante: une telle (étal, ce noir édicule cela mal) ascèse drue tua, ha, l'As. Oh, taper ! Tontes ! Oh, tillac, ô, fibule à reve l'Énigme (d'idiot tu) rhétoricienne. Il, Oedipe, Nostradamus nocturne et, si né Guelfe, zébreur à Gibelin tué (pentothal ?), le faiseur d'ode protège. Ipéca...: lapsus. Eject à bleu qu'aède berça sec. Un roc si bleu ! Tir. ital.: palindrome tôt dialectal. Oc ? Oh, cep mort et né, mal essoré, hélé. Mon gag aplati gicle. Érudit rossérecit, ça freine, benoit, net. Ta tentative en air auquel bète, turc, califat se (nom d'Ali-Baba !) sévit, pure de -- d'ac ? -- submersion importune, crac, menace, vacilla, co-étreinte... Nos masses, elles dorment ? Etc... Axé ni à mort-né des bots. Rivez ! Les Etna de Serial-Guevara l'égarent. N'amorcer coulevrine. Valser. Refuter. Oh, porc en exil (Orphée), miroir brisé du toc cabotin et né du Perec: Regret éternel. L'opiniâtre. L'annu- lable. Mec, Alger tua l'élan ici démission. Ru ostracisé, notarial, si peu qu'Alger, Viet-Nam (élu caméléon !), Israël, Biafra, bal à merde: celez, apôtre Luc à Jéruzalem, ah ce boxon! On à écopé, ha, le maximum Escale d'os, pare le rang inutile. Métromane ici gamelle, tu perdras. Ah, tu as rusé! Cain! Lied imité la vache (à ne pas estimer) (flic assermenté, rengagé) régit. Il évita, nerf à la bataille trompé. Hé, dorée, l'Égérie pelée rape, sénile, sa vérité nue du sérum: rumeur à la laine, gel, if, feutrine, val, lieu-créche, ergot, pur, Bâtir ce lieu qu'Armada serve: if étété, éborgnas-tu l'astre sédatif ? Oh, célérités ! Nef ! Folie ! Oh, tubez ! Le brio ne cessera, ce cap sera ta valise; l'âge: ni sel-liard (sic) ni master-(sic)-coq, ni cédrats, ni la lune brève. Tercé, sénégalais, un soleil perdra ta bétise héritée (Moi-Dieu, la vérole!) Déroba le serbe glauque, pis, ancestral, hébreu (Galba et Septime-Sévère). Cesser, vidé et nié. Tetanos. Etna dès boustrophédon répudié. Boiser. Révèle l'avare mélo, s'il t'a béni, brutal tablier vil. Adios. Pilles, pale rétine, le sel, l'acide mercanti. Feu que Judas rêve, civette imitable, tu as alerté, sort à blason, leur croc. Et nier et n'oser. Casse-t-il, ô, baiser vil ? à toi, nu désir brisé, décédé, trope percé, roc lu. Détrompe la. Morts: l'Ame, l'Élan abêti, revenu. Désire ce trépas rêvé: Ci va ! S'il porte, sépulcral, ce repentir, cet écrit ne perturbe le lucre: Haridelle, ta gabegie ne mord ni la plage ni l'écart. ===German language=== * ''Eis feil. Ei, wo Eis feil, lief sie, o, wie lief sie!'' : "Ice for sale. Oh, were ice was for sale, she was running, oh how she was running!" * ''Ein Neger mit Gazelle zagt im Regen nie.'': "A negro with a gazelle never hesitates in the rain" * ''Die liebe Tote. Beileid.'' : "The dear deceased. Condolences." * ''Reliefpfeiler'' : "relief pillar" * ''Rentner'': "retiree" * ''Lagerregal'': "storage rack" [http://www.gnudung.de/kram/sprache/palindrom.htm weblink] ===Hungarian language=== * ''Géza, kék az ég'': "Géza, the sky is blue." * ''Rám német nem lel, elmentem én már'': "The Germans won't find me, I'm already gone." (1943) * ''Indul a görög aludni'': "The Greek goes to sleep." * ''Rémes tóga bagót sem ér'': "Crap chiton worths nothing." * ''Erőszakos kannak sok a szőre'': "Aggressive males have lots of hair." * ''Keresik a tavat a kis erek'': "Small streams look for the lake." * ''Kis erek mentén, láp sík ölén odavan a bánya rabja: jaj, Baranyában a vadon élő Kis Pálnét nem keresik!'': "Along the small streams and in the flat lap of the moorland gone the prisoner of the mine: oh, nobody looks for Ms. Kis Pál who lived in the woods of Baranya." (Created by ''Demők Béla''.) ===Icelandic=== * "Vá! Má merk skatan nota tonnatakskrem á máv?": Wow! Can the distinguished skate (fish) use superglue cream on a seagull? (Posted on [http://www.baggalutur.is/samhverfur.php Baggalútur].) ===Indonesian language=== * ''Kasur Nababan rusak'': "Nababan's matress is ruined" * ''Katak'' (the word for frog) * ''Kodok'' (the word for toad) ===Inuit=== * ''qajaq'': "kayak" (and so also a palindrome in English and some other languages). ===Italian language=== * ''alla'': "to the" (feminine singular) * ''ebbe'': "(he) had" (past historic) * ''osso'': "bone" * ''otto'': "eight" * ''Ai lati d'Italia'': "at Italy's borders" * ''accavallavacca'': cow-crosser * ''È Dio, lo gnomo mongoloide?'': Is the mongoloid gnome God? * ''Avida di vita, desiai ogni amore vero, ma ingoiai sedativi, da Diva'': "eager of life, I desired every real love, but I ended swallowing sedatives, as a Diva" * ''Autore, ero tua'': "Author, I was yours". * ''Alle sei arida dirà "ies", ella''. * ''I topi non avevano nipoti'': "the mice had no grandsons". * ''Otto, l'ateo poeta, lottò'': "Otto, the atheist poet, fighted". * ''Ero là, cercai lì acre calore''. * ''Oracolo caro'': "dear oracle". * ''I nasi sani'': "the healthy noses". * ''Angela, la fata, fa la legna'': "Angela, the fairy, makes firewood". * A complete Palindrome poetry, written by Roberto Morassi:
::''Ode a Roma Dorata''
::''O citta' nuova, ti balen'Amore,''
::''l'arte t'annoda. Ci nuota, la sera,''
::''Morte ideale. Vidi matto, ratto,''
::''serrarti, Diva, i nitidi livelli''
::''ma i lati d'Eva, no ! Nave d'Italia''
::''mille vili ditini avidi trarre''
::''sott'a'rottami di vela, e dietro''
::''mare salato, unica donna: te!''
::''Tra le romane l'abitavo, un attico....''
:::''A. Taro (d'amor aedo)'' * A play by Giancarlo Russo, made entirely of palindrome phrases: [http://psycho.asphalto.org/drammapalindromo.html] ===Latin=== * Ave, Eva! * Roma tibi subito motibus ibit amor. (Quintilian) * Si bene te tua laus taxat, sua laute tenebis. (Plinius) * Subi dura a rudibus. "Endure hardships from the rude." * Signa te, signa, temere me tangis et angis. * Adoro te animo, domina et oro da. * Meritis servi sinum munis ivres sitirem. * Aspice'nam raro mittit timor arma nec ipsa. * Si se mente reget non tegeret Nemesis. * Et tiger non regit te. ("And the tiger does not rule thee.") * Sum summus mus. ("I am the mightiest mouse.") * In girum imus nocte et consumimur igni ("We go in circles at night and are consumed by fire.") ===Lithuanian language=== * ''sėdėk užu kėdės'': a phrase. Means "Sit over the seat!". ===Norwegian language=== * ''Regninger'': The longest palindrome Norwegian word. Means "bills". * Alle krokene ned i den ene kork, Ella. ((put)all the hooks down in that one capsul, Ella * Agnes i senga. (Agnes [Norwegian name] in the bed) *Leseesel. (Reading donkey) * Alle reisetrette skal ete laks etter te, sier Ella. (All those tired of travelling shall eat salmon after tea, says Ella) ===Iranian language=== *شو همدم بلبل بلب هر مهوش--- شکر بترازوی وزارت برکش *گرگ *دود ===Polish language=== *''oko'': eye. *"''Kobyła ma mały bok''": ("A mare has small side.") *"''Zakopane na pokaz''": ("Zakopane for public insight.") *"''Może jutro ta dama da tortu jeżom''": ("Maybe this lady will give some cake to hedgehogs tomorrow.") *''kajak'': kayak (canoe). *''ala'': (female name). ===Portuguese language=== * "''Socorram-me, subi no ônibus em Marrocos''": ("Help me! I've climbed the bus in Morocco") * "''Me vé se a panela da moça é de aço, Madalena Paes, e vem''": "Check whether the lady's is a steel pan, Madalena Paes, and come" * "''Lamina Animal''": ("Animal Blade") * "''Rir, o breve verbo rir''": ("Laugh, the short verb laugh") * "''Morram após a sopa marrom''": "Die after the brown soup" * "''Ovo Novo''": "New egg" * "''Roma me tem amor''"-"Rome has love for me" Assim a aluna anula a missa: (this way, the schoolgirl annuls the missa). A cara rajada da jararaca (the streaky face of the jararaca [a kind of snake]). Anotaram a data da maratona (They annotated the date of the marathon). O romano acata amores a damas amadas e Roma ataca o namoro (The roman complies love to beloved ladies and Rome attacks love-making). ===Russian language=== * ''А роза упала на лапу Азора'': "And the rose fell upon the Azor's paw" ===Slovene language=== * ''Ali se bo Ana obesila?'': "Will Anna hang herself?" * ''Osem opitih hiti po meso'': "Eight drunk people run to get meat." * ''Ema, zakaj ni vinjaka zame?'': "Emma, why isn't there any brandy for me?" * ''Perica reže raci rep'': "Laundress cuts the duck's tail." ===Spanish language=== * ''Ojo'' "eye" * ''Reconocer'' "to recognize" * ''Anita, la gorda lagartona, no traga la droga latina.'' "Anita, the fat sly woman, does not swallow the Latin drug." * ''Dábale arroz a la zorra el abad.'' "The abbot was giving the vixen rice." * ''Sé verlas al revés.'' "I can see them backwards" * ''La ruta natural.'' "The natural route" * ''Las Nemocón no comen sal.'' "The Nemocóns don't eat salt." * ''Anás usó tu auto, Susana.'' "Anás used your car, Susana." * ''Adán no cede con Eva, Yavé no cede con nada.'' "Adam doesn´t yield for Eve, Yavé doesn´t yield for anything." * ''Así Mario oirá misa.'' "That way Mario will attend mass." * ''¡Abusón, acá no suba!'' "¡Pay atention, you can´t go up in here!" * ''Se corta Sarita a tiras atroces.'' "Sarita slices herself through horrible cuts." * ''Amigo, no gima.'' "Friend, don't moan" * ''Anita lava la tina.'' "Anita washes the bathtub." * ''Es Adán, ya ve, yo soy Eva y nada sé.'' "It is Adam, now you see, I am Eve and I know nothing." * ''Átale, demoníaco Caín, o me delata.'' "Tie him, evil Caine, or he exposes me." * ''¿Bergamo?, ¡no, Maghreb!.'' * ''Mal si le das la fe falsa del Islam.'' "Bad if you give him/her the false faith of Islam." * ''¡Oro! ¡Ya hay oro!'' "Gold! There's gold now!" * ''O rey, o joyero.'' "Either king or jeweler." * ''Alá, yo soy de Mahoma el dios. Oídle a Mohamed: yo soy Alá.'' "Allah, I am the God of Mahoma. Hear Muhammad: I am Allah." * ''O sacáis ropa por si acaso.'' "Or you take out some clothes, just in case" * ''Sometamos o matemos.'' "Let's submit or kill." * ''Oír Aida en ópera: la lírica Cirila la repone a diario.'' "To hear Aida in Opera: the Cirilic lyric replaces her daily." * ''Allí por la tropa portado, traído a ese paraje de maniobras, una tipa como capitán usar boina me dejara, pese a odiar toda tropa por tal ropilla.'' "There behaved by the troop, brought to that maneuvered place, a gal like a captain let me use beret, in spite of hating every troop by that cloth." * ''¡A tu padre, cerda puta!'' "To your father, pig whore!" ===Swedish language=== * ''Du har bra hud'': Meaning "You've got good skin" * ''Ni rakar bra, Karin'': Meaning "You shave well, Karin" * ''Ni talar bra latin'': Meaning "You speak good Latin" * ''Naturrutan'': Meaning "The Nature Square" * ''Gnupung'': Meaning "antelope-scrotum" * ''Varggrav'': Meaning "wolf-grave" * ''Retsyster'': Meaning "teasy sister" * ''Anne var i Ravenna'': Meaning "Anne was in Ravenna" * ''God arab åt tå, bara dog'': Meaning "Good Arab ate a toe, just died" * ''Moratös gav dem ett te med vag, söt arom'': Meaning "Girl from Mora (the town where Vasaloppet ends) gave them a tea with vague, sweet scent" * ''Tre bra brassar bar Bert'': Meaning "Three good Brazilians were carrying Bert" * ''Mus rev inuits öra, sa röst i universum'': Meaning "Mouse scratched Inuit´s ear, said voice in universe" * ''Nej, leta i ateljén!'': Meaning "No, search in the studio!" * ''I Reval sitta ni, inatt i slaveri'': Meaning "In Reval (Tallinn) you will sit, tonight in slavery" * ''Sirap i Paris'': Meaning "Syrup in Paris" * ''God apa gavs galna anlag, svag apa dog'': Meaning "Good monkey was given crazy genetic disposition, weak monkey died." -- note that all the spaces match, which is rare for longer palindromes * ''Dallasmygelmadamlegymsallad'': Meaning "A wangling lady in Dallas' green salad". * ''Märk stupid abrakadabra: ur fin ränsel lyfta rappa japaner samma mimosa som i mammas rena pajapparat fylles när ni fruar bada karbad i putskräm'': Meaning "Note stupid abracadabra: from fine knapsack do swift Japanese lift the same mimosa as is filled in mother's clean pie machine when you wives bath tub-bath in shoe polish" (archaic style) * ''anropa aporna!'': Meaning "Call the monkeys!". * ''Dromedaren Alpotto planerade mord'': Meaning "Alpotto the dromedary was planning murder". ===Tagalog language=== * ''Sila aalis.'': Meaning "They will leave." * ''Totorotot'': Meaning "Trumpets will blare" * ''Para sa mansanas na masarap'': Meaning "For a better-tasting apple" * ''O, tatayo yata to.'': Meaning "Look, I think this will stand up." * ''Nasa bayabasan'': Meaning "In the guava grove" ===Arabic language=== حصان ناصح Smart horse دام علا العماد May his highness ‘Emad’ last for ever. بكر معلق بقلع مركب ‘Bakr’ is suspended by a complex structure مودته تدوم لكل هول و هل كل مودته تدوم His love last through intimidate-time but will all of his love last? تُوْت raspberry خَوْخ peach لَيْل night ===Tamil language=== In dravidian script it is often tougher to produce palindromes, due to the structure of the language. however here is one example in a boxed semi-palindrome as it means the same when read across or down but not reverse. சி வா ஜி வா யி லே ஜி லே பி The line reads: Sivaji vayile Jalebi i.e. There is a Jalebi in Shivaji's mouth. It reads the same across and down. "காக்கா" meaning crow is one of the few true palindromes in Tamil. "மோரு தருமோ" meaning "Can I get some buttermilk(?)" is one of the longest sentences in the language. ===Hebrew language=== * סוס - Horse * ישי - Yishai, David's father (Male first name) * דוד - David, Yishai's son (also uncle) * נתן - Nathan or Natan, David's son * לאיתיאל - (The longest palindromic word in the Bible) * ולכשתשכלו - And when you will bereave (The longest palindromic word in Hebrew with meaning) * ילד כותב בתוך דלי - A boy writes inside a bucket * הדג בחר לחן לבלבל נחל רחב גדה - The fish picked a tune to confuse a wide stream * ? אבי אל חי שמך למה המלך משיח לא יבא - A question * דעו מאביכם כי לא בוש אבוש שוב אשוב אליכם כי בא מועד - An answer ===url=== * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ikiw/gro.aidepikiw.ne//:ptth (links back here) ===OCaml=== Up to the type definition, here's a palindrom written in Caml. It compiles. type 'a elbatum = 'a ;; type lol = bool ;; type pop = int ;; type b = { mutable lol : lol elbatum } ;; type i = { mutable pop : pop elbatum } ;; fun erongi lol pop n -> pop.lol <- let nuf = erongi ; fun erongi lol pop n -> pop.lol ; ignore n in erongi ; lol.pop <- n pop lol ignore nuf ; ignore = fun tel -> lol.pop <- n pop lol ignore nuf ;; ===C programming language=== Brian Westley made a C program for the 1987 International Obfuscated C Code Contest which is a line-by-line palindrome: http://www.ioccc.org/1987/westley.c === The world's longest palindromic sentence === To celebrate 20:02 02/20 2002, a palindromic day, Peter Norvig wrote on that day a [http://www.norvig.com/pal2.html computer program] that produced the [http://www.norvig.com/pal2txt.html world's longest palindromic sentence]: 17,259 words long. [http://www.norvig.com/palindrome.html] For a long palindrome in English that reads easier and attempts to flow is viewable [http://www.palindromelist.com/longest.htm here]. == Symmetry by the words == Some palindromes use words as units rather than letters. They Might Be Giants released a single called I Palindrome I (on the album Apollo 18 (album)), the lyrics of which include the word palindrome: ''"Son I am able," she said, "though you scare me." "Watch," said I, "beloved," I said, "watch me scare you though." Said she, "able am I, Son."'' Other examples: * You can cage a swallow, can't you, but you can't swallow a cage, can you? * Fall leaves as soon as leaves fall. == Symmetry by the lines == Still other palindromes take the line as the unit. The poem ''Doppelganger,'' composed by James A. Lindon, is such a palindrome. === Doppelganger === : Entering the lonely house with my wife : I saw him for the first time : Peering furtively from behind a bush -- : Blackness that moved, : A shape amid the shadows, : A momentary glimpse of gleaming eyes : Revealed in the ragged moon. : A closer look (he seemed to turn) might have : Put him to flight forever -- : I dared not : (For reasons that I failed to understand), : Though I knew I should act at once. : I puzzled over it, hiding alone, : Watching the woman as she neared the gate. : He came, and I saw him crouching : Night after night. : Night after night : He came, and I saw him crouching, : Watching the woman as she neared the gate. : I puzzled over it, hiding alone -- : Though I knew I should act at once, : For reasons that I failed to understand : I dared not : Put him to flight forever. : A closer look (he seemed to turn) might have : Revealed in the ragged moon. : A momentary glimpse of gleaming eyes : A shape amid the shadows, : Blackness that moved. : Peering furtively from behind a bush, : I saw him for the first time, : Entering the lonely house with my wife. The dialogue "[http://www.barryland.com/canon.html Crab Canon]" in Douglas Hofstadter's Gödel, Escher, Bach is nearly a palindrome-by-lines. The second half of the dialog is, with some very minor changes, the same lines as the beginning, in reverse order, spoken by the opposite characters (i.e., lines spoken by Achilles in the first half are spoken by the Tortoise in the second, and vice versa). In the middle is a non-symmetrical line spoken by the Crab, who enters and spouts some nonsense, apparently triggering the reversal. The structure is modeled after J. S. Bach's crab canon. ==Symmetry of dates and times== Palindromes can also be constructed using dates and times. The exact dates and times may differ according to the local style of writing dates and times. *''12/02/2021'' for the 12th February of 2021, using the (DD/MM/YYYY) format; or the 2nd December of 2021, using the (MM/DD/YYYY) format *''10/30/2002 03:01'' for the 30th October 2002, 3:01 AM, using the (MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM) format ==See also== * ambigram * anagram * ''Aoxomoxoa'' by the Grateful Dead * crab canon * pangram * transcription (linguistics) * word games * word play ==External links== *[http://www.fun-with-words.com/palindromes.html Palindromes] *[http://geocities.yahoo.com.br/site60aki/palindromos.html Palíndromos] - In Portuguese. *[http://www.kwiznet.com/p/takeQuiz.php?ChapterID=2043&CurriculumID=15 Palindromes Quiz] *[http://www.jasondoucette.com/worldrecords.html 196 Palindrome Quest / Most Delayed Palindromic Number] Linguistics Word games
Palindrome
I think this is some kind of a nonsense page. In each language there are practically infinite palindromes, especially if you also include sentences. Why the list in each language? you could fill a book just for one language. The part of the palindromes in different languages should be deleted and there could be put more weight on the history of palindromes and the way they are used in different languages. --me Is this ever likely to be anything more than a dictionary entry? If not, it should be deleted. --:Robert Merkel The Stephen Fry palindromes are from his book ''Paperweight''. I seem to remember that they're not by him, but rather the results of a competition he held in a newspaper column -- could someone who has a copy check this please? -- user:Tarquin My favorite word palindrome: ''Come, shall I stroke your whatever, darling? Darling, whatever your stroke, I shall come.'' (Willard Espy) --User:Ed Poor ---- what does "Koselure Mordni La Palindrome rules - OK" mean? User:Kingturtle 06:27 Apr 16, 2003 (UTC) : I think it doesn't mean anything. It looks like an artifically constructed palindrome as a joke. 08:17, Feb 7 2005 (UTC) ---- Sorry that I have to delete the Chinse palindromes below. There are palindromes far much famous and better. ''Source: [http://www.tbes.tcc.edu.tw/class66/66/%BA%F4%AD%B6/%A6%5e%A4%E5%B9C%C0%B8.htm 回文遊戲 (Palindrome Games)]'' * ''Shanghai zilaishui lai zi hai shang'' (上海自來水來自海上 in pinyin: shang4 hai3 zi4 lai2 shui3 lai2 zi4 hai3 shang4): "Shanghai's running water comes from the sea" * ''Zhongguo Shan zhong you Zhongshan Guozhong'' (中國山中有中山國中 zhong1 guo2 shan1 zhong1 you3 zhong1 guo2 zhong1): "In the China Mountain, there is Central-Mountain middle school"; alternate translation: "In between the Chinese mountains, there is Dr. Sun Yat-sen Middle School" * ''Hualian Yinshuachang shuayin lianhua'' (花蓮印刷廠刷印蓮花 hua1 lian2 yin4 shua1 chang3 shua1 yin4 lian2 hua1): "Hualien Press prints lotuses" * ''chuan shang nüzi jiao zinü shang chuan'' (船上女子叫子女上船 chuan2 shang4 nü3 zi3 jiao3 zi3 nü3 shang4 chuan2): "The woman on the boat is calling her children to go onboard" * ''tian shang long juan feng juan long shang tian'' (天上龍捲風捲龍上天 tian1 shang4 long2 juan3 long2 shang4 tian1): "The Chinese dragon up on the sky whirls a wind to roll a dragon up to the sky" ---- As it stands, the english transliteration of the greek palindrome fails. It starts "nips" and ends "psin". Is it not a palindrome, or is the transliteration wrong or ...? -- SGBailey 2003-12-02 :ps is one letter in Greek --User:Calieber 20:29, Dec 2, 2003 (UTC) ::This is the letter psi, or ψ. Therefore, ''nips … psin'' --> νιψ … ψιν. ---- I would love to see some information about the mathematics of palindromes. Such as that two are concatenated, they produce another and if a palindromes is made of two of the same word, that word must also be a palindromes. I think that this is far more useful than listing a bunch of known palindromes. == No more English examples please. == Unless there is a famous or historical context, there is no need to add any more English examples to this article. I suggest people delete the mundane or uninteresting ones as this articles really should consist more of the history significance or mathematics of palindromes. Perhaps there should be a list of palindromes article? User:Asteron User_talk:Asteron 17:43, May 12, 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
P
PA | PB | PC | PD | PE | PF | PG | PH | PI | PJ | PK | PL | PM | PN | PO | PR | PS | PT | PU | PW | PX | PY | PZ |Words begining with Palindrome:
Palindrome
Palindrome
Palindromes
These materials are based on Wikipedia and licensed under the GNU FDL
YouTube.com videos better site than Turbo Tax 2007
