
Nudity or nakedness is the state of wearing no clothing. It is sometimes used to refer to wearing significantly less clothing than expected by the conventions of a particular culture and situation, and in particular exposing the bare skin of intimate parts. The term ''topless'' is sometimes used—especially in reference to females—to describe the lack of clothing covering the breasts. Although ''nude'' and ''naked'' have the same objective meaning (i.e. not covered by clothing) and a common origin, they have differing subjective connotations, which partly match their differing etymologies ("nude" originally had a meaning of "plain, bare, unadorned" in a broader sense when introduced into English from Latin "nudus", while "naked" derives from the common early English word for "unclothed" that is cognate with "nudus"). Some consider one term more appropriate than the other. The book ''Nude, Naked, Stripped'' suggests that these three terms define a continuum ranging from artistic or tasteful absence of clothing by choice at one end, and a forced or mandatory condition of being without clothes (e.g. strip search) at the other. ==Historical overview== Although scientific anthropology and Christian Bible literalists offer conflicting accounts of it, they agree that humans originally lived without clothing as their natural state. The former describe the adaptation of animal skins and vegetation into coverings to protect the wearer from cold, heat, and/or rain, especially as humans migrated to new climates. The latter describe the first humans Adam and Eve, after their transgression against God's rules (the original sin), being ashamed of their nakedness and making aprons of fig leaves. Nudity itself was not the original sin, but some people take it so, perhaps explaining the taboo against it. Following the introduction of clothing, different cultures have held a wide variety of attitudes and practises about being nude. In some hunter-gatherer cultures in warm climates, near-complete nudity has been (at least until the introduction of Western culture) standard practice for both men and women. In at least one Africa tribe, the men would go completely naked except for a string tied about the waist. With this string they would be considered properly dressed for hunting and other group activities, without which they were naked. In a number of tribes in the South Pacific island of New Guinea, the men use hard gourdlike pods as ''penis sheaths''. While obscuring and covering the actual penis, these at a longer distance give the impression of a large, erect phallus. Yet a man without this "covering" could be considered to be in an embarrassing state of nakedness. Among the Chumash native Americans of southern California, men were usually naked, and women were often topless. Native Americans of the Amazon Basin, usually went nude or nearly nude; in many tribes, the only clothing worn was some device worn by men to clamp the foreskin shut. However, other similar cultures have had different standards. For example, other native North Americans generally avoided total nudity, and the native Americans of the mountains and west of South America, such as the Quechua, kept quite covered. [[Image:The_Cock-fight_(Gérôme).jpg|thumb|right|300px|Nudity was acceptable to the 19th-century French Salon (gathering)-going public, only as long as the setting was clearly "classical", depicting characters in a culture where nudity was commonplace, as in this painting by Jean-Léon Gérôme (1847)]] At one time in some regions of Greece, such as Minoa, Sparta, and Olympus, nudity was more or less accepted, which indicates that nudity is not foreign to European culture, and being a hunter-gatherer society is not a prerequisite for a society that tolerates nudity. In Classical Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, public nakedness was accepted in the context of public bathing or athletics. (The Greek (language) word gymnasium (Ancient Greece) means "a place to be naked".) Athletes commonly competed nude, but many city-states allowed no female participants or even spectators at those events, Sparta being a notable exception. However, it was also common for a person to be punished by being stripped and whipped in the public square. In Biblical accounts of the Roman Empire era, prisoners were often stripped naked, as a form of humiliation. In the 6th century, Benedict of Nurcia advised in his Benedictine Rule that the monks sleeping in the dormitory should sleep fully dressed. Until the beginning of the 8th century, Christians in Western Europe were baptism naked, emerging from the water like Adam and Eve before the fall. "The disappearance of baptism by immersion in the Carolingian era gave nudity a sexual connotation that it has previously lacked for Christians" (Rouche 1987 p 455). About the same time it became common to represent Christ on the Cross wearing a long tunic, the ''colobium''. European men wore long tunics until the 15th century, when codpieces, tights, and tight trousers gradually came into use; these all covered the male genitals but at the same time drew attention to them. During the Victorian era, public nakedness became untolerated, and even objects that were somewhat anthropomorphic were required to be covered. For example, it was considered somewhat inappropriate for table legs, piano legs, and the like to be uncovered, so furniture often had skirts to cover them. In addition to beaches being segregation by gender, bathing machines were also used to conceal the naked body. In the early 20th century, exposure of male nipples was considered indecent at some beaches. Ironically, as in the Middle Ages, the bathing suits worn by men, while covering the genitals, often nonetheless made them quite obvious. ==Various modern-era attitudes== As a general rule, public nudity is not considered "proper" in most modern societies. There are, however, many exceptions and particular circumstances in which nudity is tolerated, accepted, or even encouraged. In general and across cultures, most restrictions are found for exposure of those parts of the human body that put in evidence sexual arousal or sexual dimorphism between male and female adults. Therefore, sex organs and women's breasts are often covered, even when other parts of the body may be freely uncovered. Nudity in front of a human sexuality partner is widely accepted, but there may be restrictions--for example, only at the time and place of Sexual intercourse, or with subdued lighting, or covered by a sheet or blanket. Nudity in front of strangers of the same gender is often more accepted than in front of those of the other or both genders, for example in open showers, common changing rooms, etc. Gender-specific restrooms serve to prevent accidental partial nudity in front of the other gender. Urinals may have partitions between them to avoid the partial nudity of men to be visible by other men. In some cultures, even for people of the same gender to see each other nude is considered inappropriate and embarrassing. Also, the implication of homosexuality among naked members of the same gender, or the discomfort among homophobia individuals of being viewed by homosexuals, can discourage this type of nudity. In certain structured settings in which nudity serves a practical purpose - such as providing access to a patient's body during a medical procedure or therapeutic massage, or providing figure drawing students with unobstructed views of the human body - an individual may be naked in front of one or several clothed people. In most such situations, the exposed individual will be given a loose robe or cloth to cover themselves partially, even if their "private parts" must be exposed. Total nudity for the model remains the norm in figure drawing studios, however. Similarly, pornography is typically photographed with the models fully nude and the crew fully dressed. None of these settings are routinely experienced by most members of society, however, so they are not normative. Although exposure of the top of women's breasts is usually tolerated, in the United States of America, exposure of female nipples is still not usually allowed in public; public breastfeeding, since the exposure it involves is functional, may be looked upon more mildly, but still it is sometimes considered problematic. However, courts in some North American jurisdictions—including Ontario and New York State—have legalized the exposure of women's nipples on equal protection grounds (see United States Constitution/Amendment Fourteen). The movement of "topfree equality" promotes equal rights for women to have no clothing above the waist; the term "topfree" rather than "topless" is used to avoid the latter term's sexual connotations. However, there are still extreme reactions on the parts of many to exposure of the full breast, as in Janet Jackson's Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy during the half-time show of the 2004 Super Bowl. Nudity is closely associated with sexuality in most cultures where some level of body modesty is expected. This is evidenced by the existence of striptease in these cultures. As an effect of Catholicism cultural heritage, in Latin cultures the common definition of modesty does not generally admit genital nudity, but the definition of what is lewd has changed and women's breasts are now commonly exposed or depicted without scandal. Some strict interpretations of Islam require women to observe purdah, covering their entire bodies, including the face (see burka), on threat of severe punishment. The trend in some European countries (for instance Germany, Finland, and the Netherlands) is to allow both genders to bathe together naked. Typically, older German bathhouses, such as Bad Burg, remain segregated by gender. The reverse is true of Japanese sentos. Most of the newer Japanese bathhouses are gender segregated, whereas the older baths in the countryside are mixed gender. In both cases (mixed or segregated) public bathing in Japan is done in total nudity. Some people enjoy public nudity in a non-sexual context. This movement is known as nudism or naturism, and is often practiced in reserved places that used to be called "nudist camps" but are now more commonly referred to as naturist resorts, beaches, or clubs. Such facilities may be designated topless, clothing-optional, or fully-nude-only. Others practice public nudity more casually. Topless Sunlight#Sunbathing is considered acceptable on the beaches of France, Spain, and most of the rest of Europe (and even in many outdoor swimming pools); however, exposure of the genitals is restricted to nudist areas in most regions, Eastern Germany being a notable exception. (Nude bathing was one of the few generally tolerated liberties people could take in the communist East Germany, which explains its popularity.) In the United States, topless sunbathing and Thong_(garment)s are common in South Miami Beach, Florida. There are a number of nude beaches up and down the West Coast of the United States of the U.S., as well. ===Children=== Attitudes toward the nudity of children vary substantially, depending on the child's age and the context of the nudity. Among some people they have changed noticeably since the mid 20th century, largely due to increasing concerns about sexual abuse of children. One of the more traditional attitudes regards children who have not yet reached puberty (or perhaps a younger age) as essentially asexual, and treats their nudity as harmless. This is most commonly true of infants, who are often depicted nude without negative social connotation. The work of Anne Geddes, for example, often depicts nude infants in scenes that would be considered in quite a different light if the children were several years older. In some cultures, it may be acceptable for male children to be seen nude by females, but not vice versa. This was formerly the practice in parts of the rural United States, for example. In many places children are taught to never to be seen nude by those of the opposite sex (especially of the same approximate age). In these circumstances, children would be ashamed or very embarrassed if anyone (except perhaps a parent, sibling, or other close relative) of the opposite sex saw them nude. They may even be subject to giggling and teasing by clothed children of similar culture. However, children of this age may also be motivated by their curiosity to covertly expose themselves to a child of the other gender in exchange for them doing the same ("I'll show you mine if you show me yours.") This attitude toward nudity and gender separatism usually peaks at about age nine, later very gradually changing to allow for a sexual partner to eventually see them nude. Increasing awareness of the fact that children are sexually abused has created a partial backlash in developed countries against the general trend toward increasing acceptance of public nudity, especially of children. In some cases, ''any'' public nudity of a person under the age of consent might be accused of being abusive. For example, there have been incidents in which snapshots taken by parents of their infant or toddler children bathing or otherwise naked were destroyed or turned over to law enforcement as child pornography. In New Zealand photographs of naked minors in newspapers and magazines were once socially acceptable, but would invoke horror and revulsion amongst the readership if published today. Perhaps coincidentally, swimwear fashions for children have become less revealing over this same time period. Debates are unresolved about the acceptability of child nudity. ==Nudity beyond social norms== Streaking is running naked through a non-nudist public place, usually for fun or as a practical joke. Nudity has sometimes been used to attract more attention to a public protest, a tactic used by the Doukhobors in the early 20th century, and later (particularly from the 1960s onwards) used more widely. Modern slogans include "Disrobe for disarmament", "Nudes, not nukes!", "Naked For Peace", "Dare 2 Bare 4 Freedom + Peace", "I'd rather go naked than wear fur!" and "I Got Rid Of My Bush! Read My Labia - No To War!" In softcore pornography, which was originally presented mainly in the form of "men's magazines", it was barely acceptable to show a glimpse of nipple in the 1950s. By the 1970s, in such mainstream magazines as ''Playboy'' and ''Hustler'', no region of the body was considered off limits. Meanwhile, a growing business of hardcore pornography has developed, including photo magazines and motion pictures, in which total nudity (and any variety of sexual activity) is commonplace. Originally, nude dancing was mainly presented in the form of the "strip-tease". This was generally a stage show in which the dancer progressively removed her clothing while dancing to music. Prominent early- to mid-twentieth century "strip-tease artists" such as Gypsy Rose Lee rarely included total nudity as part of their sometimes quite elaborate acts. Now most "exotic" dancers perform topless (independent of gender, of course), perhaps wearing a thong bottom. In the 1970s, on an official level, men entered the strip club field, performing partially-unclothed dances primarily at clubs aimed for heterosexual women (the Chippendales being the most common example). Both genders had been unofficially dancing at clubs for many years (at least since the 1950's), and today at clubs catering to gay, straight, and everything in-between clientele. ==Depictions of nudity== {|border="1" cellpadding="4" align="center" |- | align="right" width="300"| | align="left" width="300"| |- |colspan="2"|Goya's ''La Maja Desnuda'' and ''La Maja Vestida''. In 19th-century Europe, it was common to have two paintings of the same subject for the same place on the wall. Depending on which guests were visiting, one or the other was shown. |} The depiction of nudity in art has generally conformed - with some variation - to social standards for public nudity; in cultures where nudity was accepted, nude figures in painting and sculpture were as well. However, some cultures have tolerated artistic nudity more than actual nudity, with a different set of standards of what is acceptable. As social attitudes about artistic nudity have changed, this has sometimes led to conflict over art that no longer conforms to prevailing standards. For example, the Catholicism once organized the so-called ''fig-leaf campaign'' to cover nudity in art, starting from the works of Renaissance artist Michelangelo Buonarroti. The ''nude'' has become an enduring genre of representational art, especially painting, sculpture, and photography. It depicts people without clothes on, usually with stylistic and staging conventions that distinguish the artistic elements (such as innocence, or similar theatrical/artistic elements) of being ''nude'' with the more provocative state of being ''naked''. A ''nude'' figure is one, such as a goddess or a man in ancient Greece, for whom the lack of clothing is its usual condition, so that there is no sexual suggestiveness presumed. A ''naked'' figure is one, such as a contemporary prostitute or a businessman, who usually wears clothing, such that their lack of it in this scene implies sexual activity or suggestiveness. The latter were rare in European art from the Medieval period until the latter half of the 1800s; in the interim, a work featuring an unclothed woman would routinely identify her as "Venus (mythology)" or another Greco-Roman goddess, to justify her nudity. [[Image:Artful nude.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Nudity is a common subject both in fine arts and popular culture.]] Nudity in art, also publicly displayed, is rather common and more accepted than public nudity of real people. For example, a statue or painting representing a nude person may be displayed in public places where actual nudity is not allowed. However, there is also much art depicting a nude person with a piece of cloth seemingly by chance covering the genitals. A 1960s sketch featuring English comedians Peter Cook and Dudley Moore admiring Cézanne's '':Image:Cezanne_Beigneuses.jpg'' in the National Gallery, London humorously suggested that there must be hundreds of paintings that are not publicly displayed because the pieces of cloth did not fall in just the right places while the artist was painting them. In modern media, images of partial and full nudity are used in advertising to draw additional attention. In the case of attractive Model (person) this attention is due to the visual pleasure the images provide; in other cases it is due to the relative rarity of images of nudity. The use of nudity in advertising tends to be carefully controlled to avoid the impression that the company whose product is being advertised is indecent or unrefined. There are also limits on what advertising media such as magazines allow. The success of sexually provocative advertising is claimed in the truism "sex sells". However, responses to nudity in American advertisements have been more mixed; nudity in the advertisements of Calvin Klein, Benetton, and Abercrombie and Fitch, to name three companies, have provoked much negative as well as positive response. (''See also:'' Sex in advertising). Of images of nudity (not necessarily pornography), the most extreme form is "full frontal" nudity, referring to the fact that the actor or model is presented from the front and including "everything", indicating that the genitals are exposed. Frequently images of nude people do not go that far and photograph are deliberately composed, and films edited, such that in particular no genitalia are seen, as if the camera failed to see them by chance. The portrayal of nudity in film has long been controversial. Several early films of the silent film featured nudity; in response to objections voiced by several groups, scenes of nudity were censorship in mainstream USA films by the Hays Code from the 1930s until the 1960s when the MPAA film rating system was instituted. In the early 1950s the only open cinematic displays of nudity were in naturist quasi-documentary films. In 1959 the film ''The Immoral Mr. Teas'' became the first non-naturist film openly exhibiting nudity. These earlier films were about nudity or about the visualization of nudity, rather than its use in film using incidental nudity as part of a larger story. [[Image:KateWinsletTitanic.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Kate Winslet poses for a nude drawing in Titanic (1997 movie), rated PG13 by MPAA]] Only with the MPAA rating system could nudity be legitimately included in a commercially successful film built around some other story. Since then, many films have featured various levels of nudity; however, full frontal nudity (especially featuring male anatomy) is still rare in US cinema. Full nudity has gained much wider acceptance in European cinema, where in contrast to their US counterparts the audience perceive nudity and sexuality in general as less objectionable than the depiction of excessive violence. Noteworthy films which garnered controversy at the time of their release due to nudity include: *''Inspiration'' (dir. George Platt 1915) the first film to feature nudity *''Ecstasy (1933 movie)'' (dir. Gustav Machaty 1933) *''Blow-Up'' (dir. Michelangelo Antonioni 1966) *''I Am Curious (Yellow)'' (dir. Vilgot Sjoman 1967) *''Romeo and Juliet (1968 movie)'' (dir. Franco Zeffirelli 1968) *''Women in Love'' (dir. Ken Russell 1969) *''Last Tango in Paris'' (dir. Bernardo Bertolucci 1972) *''Blue Velvet'' (dir. David Lynch 1986) *''Basic Instinct'' (dir. Paul Verhoeven 1992) *''The Piano'' (dir. Jane Campion 1993) *''Showgirls'' (dir. Paul Verhoeven 1995) *''Titanic (1997 movie)'' (dir. James Cameron 1997) [[Image:Nude-Charlotte-Ross.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Charlotte Ross nude in an episode of NYPD Blue.]] Broadcast television and most "basic cable" outlets in the United States have been more reluctant to display nudity in most cases, the exception being PBS. A few series in the 1990s, including ''NYPD Blue'', have occasionally used partial nudity, both male and female. When broadcast on television, theatrically released films featuring nudity are usually presented with the nude scenes edited out, or the nudity is obscured in some fashion (for example Computer generated imagery may be used to clothe nude actors). Several premium cable services such as Home Box Office and Showtime have gained popularity for, among other things, presenting unedited films. In addition, they have produced series that do not shy away from nude scenes, including ''Oz (television)'', ''Sex and the City'', ''The Sopranos'', and ''Queer as Folk''. Nudity is occasionally presented in other media as well, often with attending controversy. Album cover art featuring nude photographs, featuring music by performers such as Jimi Hendrix, John Lennon and Yoko Ono, Blind Faith, and Jane's Addiction, have stirred controversy over the years. Several rock musicians have performed nude on stage, including members of Jane's Addiction, Rage Against the Machine, Green Day, The Jesus Lizard, and the Red Hot Chilli Peppers. Television soap operas have rarely showed any risque nudity, the exception being the [Procter & Gamble]] soap operas ''As the World Turns'' and ''Guiding Light'' which in 2005 went as far as featuring rear male nudity during lovemaking scenes. After the Super Bowl controversy, FCC commisioner Michael J. Copps stated that it was time for a crackdown on daytime television and indicated that he was reviewing whether soap operas were violating the agency's indecency prohibitions. Following this news, ''Guiding Light'' edited out nudity from an episode that had already been taped. A week later, the show's executive producer John Conboy was fired and replaced by Ellen Wheeler. All nine American network soaps began to impose an unwritten rule of avoiding any sort of risque adult scenes. for more information ''see'' Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy. On the Internet, especially on websites featuring images of well known people, the terms ''nude'' and ''nudity'' have often been used (some would say misused) to signify indecent exposure; for example, a photo of an otherwise fully clothed woman with a nipple exposed. See also: Nude celebrities on the Internet. An exception is often made for the depiction of peoples whose nudity is acceptable within the mores of a traditional culture. This so-called "ethnographic" nudity has appeared in National Geographic magazine, as well as documentaries broadcast in the United States. In some cases, media outlets may show nudity which occurs in a "natural" or spontaneous setting in news programs or documentaries, while blurring out or censoring the nudity in a dramatic work. ==See also== *Figure drawing *Godiva *Gymnophobia *Indecent exposure *Modesty *Mooning *Undergarment#Not_wearing_undergarment *Nudism *Nudity in science-fiction literature *Nudity in sport *Sex in advertising *Skinny dipping *Vintage erotica *:Category:Images containing nudity ==References== *Rouche, Michel, "Private life conquers state and society," in ''A History of Private Life'' vol I, Paul Veyne, editor, Harvard University Press 1987 ISBN 0-674-39974-9 ==External links== *[http://www.sfheart.com/naked_for_peace.html Naked for Peace] *[http://www.spencertunick.com/ Art photos of public mass nudity] by Spencer Tunick *[http://photography.about.com/cs/nudephotography/ Nude photography] *[http://d-sites.net/english/eroteye.htm 'The erotic eye and its nude: an inquiry into the vicissitudes of the scopic and phanic drive'] ==Other uses== *''Naked (film)'' is the name of a 1993 in film film, directed by Mike Leigh. *''Naked'' is the name of a book of humorous essays by David Sedaris. *''Naked'' is the title of a 2005 track and album released by Marques Houston. *The word ''nude'' may also refer to a strain of immunodeficient mice used in immunology research, so named because they lack hair. Nude mice ''(nu/nu)'' lack thymus glands, and as such cannot produce functioning T cells. * The country-code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Pacific island of Niue is .nu; "nu" is also French for "nude" or "naked". Nudity Human appearance Social conventions
==Representation== Isn't the representation of nudity, i.e. in a film, in a picture, in a sculpture, a nudity itself? It seems to me that the effect is the same: nude bodies are shown. Usually (AFAIK) physical nudity and its representation are evaluated the same way. :Really? When I was in the Prado, I saw lots of naked people on canvas, but very few if any naked people visiting the museum. - user:Montrealais *I think there's a difference between represented nakedness and actual nakedness (I prefer to use the NPOV term "naked" rather than "nude" which connotes a positive spin). ::Your assertion that "naked" is somehow a NPOV term between "nude" and "stripped" is a POV I, for one, don't share. The fact that someone wrote a book arguing that it ''should'' work that way doesn't mean that it's how people actually use the terms; to the contrary, the fact that the case had to be made at all points out that they do not. ::Furthermore, it's traditional for the titles of encylopedia articles to be ''nouns'' (e.g. "nudity"), ''not adjedtives''. User:Tverbeek 15:20, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC) For example, it's acceptable to have a restaraunt with a view of people who are less than fully clothed, such as happens in hotel restaurants that often overlook a pool, where people are visible wearing only their swimsuits. However, a guy walked into the resturant from the pool, at Usenix 98, and the person at the front desk yelled out "Sir! There are ladies in this restaurant." What is visible from the resturant is alot different than what actually happens there, i.e. the representation of people who are not fully clothed is alot different than people actually not being fully clothed. :As another example, we might see a bank robber with a gun on the news on TV in the restaurant, but if a man with a gun actually walked into the restaurant there would be quite a commotion. :Despite our postmodern society that can't seem to tell the difference between reality and represented reality, I still think there is a difference between the signifier and the signified. :Theatre is a middle ground. For example, I've seen completely naked actors in a theatrical production that showed a scene where people would be expected to be naked, i.e. appropriate nakedness. But if audience members were naked, this would be out of context. Since theatre is, at least in part, simulacra/simulation (i.e. Artaud who coined the term "Virtual Reality" coined this term to denote theatre), the nakedness in theatre is OK because it's on the other side of the proscenium, which functions much like the TV screen or the glass window that separates the pool from the restaurant in the example I explained above. ==Bush?== By putting in one about Bush does not make a poltical statement? I thought this place was suppose to make npov :That's not much more NPOV than the rest of the paragraph. And you forgot to leave the first quote mark in place, anyway. But it's not POV to say that people say that slogan, just to endorse that slogan. -- User:JohnOwens ::Here is my point there are about 4 or 5 other slogans why allow a cheap shot that is directed at one person :::If you phrase it correctly, fine. -- User:JohnOwens John you have restore my faith in this forum for now Keith( also incorrectly spelled Kieth) don't ask ::::I disagree, i think that it is more pov than the rest of the statements, its also more vulgar. further i have heard all of the others but not this one. can we cite it as a popular slogan? User:Cavebear42 15:25, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) :::::Well, of ''course'' it reflects a POV; it's a political slogan. And as for it being vulgar, again: that's the point of it. I don't think ''any'' of them can be called "popular" (they're all protesting popular opinion), but I saw variations on the "read my lips" one frequently during the first Persian Gulf War. User:Tverbeek 16:10, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) :I think the problem with that slogan isn't the political aspect but... that it's only incredibly very loosely related to nudity. The other quotes are about nudity... while this only necessarily implies a revealed labia which isn't typically what is thought of as nudity and there is nothing explicit about it... I'd remove it because it's not about nudity like "Nudes not nukes" is... and it's not advocating nudity like that quote is either... it's just a bad quote for this article, not because it's political. User:Grenavitar 20:53, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) ::Who said the examples were supposed to be of people advocating nudity? They're not; they're ''uses'' of nudity as part of a political statement. You're right: a protest slogan that revolves around the revealing of shaved labia isn't ''related to'' nudity; it ''is'' nudity... "beyond social norms" as the section header states. Maybe the problem is that it doesn't translate well to just the slogan, and needs some description of the context. User:Tverbeek 22:15, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) ==Western culture== I question the adequateness of the statement: "Western culture has become much more restrictive about nudity for children in recent decades, presumably as a result of concerns about pedophilia and child pornography." (My emphasis.) I don't know, I admit that I really don't know, but I would suggest that it might be more a question of Anglo-Saxon cultural diffusion, and of dress fashion, than of genuinely changed views on the sexual value of pre-pubertal (or pubertal) children. Anglo-Saxons have, I believe, been more prudish than even Catholics on the Continent. I'm prepared to change the presumption. As a support (admittedly a weak support, but the best I can come up with :) for my theory is my own experience: Why did my mates and I start jumping into the river in our underpants to take them off and lie naked in the sun while drying, when the Big Boys did it the other way round? Why did we continue with this custom when WE were the big boys? I can think of no other reasonable explanation than that being how our cultural models on TV did. (In TV bathing boys were often shown, but the drying-up part wasn't, and the bathing boys were never naked, unless they were from some backwards corner of the world.) -- User:Ruhrjung 17:41 May 12, 2003 (UTC) I think it is definitely more of an issue in England and especially America. In England the Victorians were extremely prudish about nudity. Even an ankle would have been considered obscene. Although it is interesting that public nudity in certain contexts was probably more accepted in the victorian era than it is now. people would often bathe in rivers nude. This was probably because men and women were segregated so it was acceptable to be nude in the prescensce of members of the same sex and also that outside 'polite society' most ordinary people were not as prudish as we think of them. America is also particularly obsessed about sex. I think rather than being inspite of being protestant it is because England and America have been strongly protestant that nudity is an issue. There is a misconception that nudity=sex. Why should a woman's breasts be obscene? They are not a sex organ and have nothing to do with sex but are purely for feeding babies. Male nipples are not considered obscene so why womens? --User:Cap 11:52, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC) ==In art== New topic: how about a page for Nudity in art? Patrick on July 18, 2003, ==Editing== I notice that when you edited this page you must have used an external word processor, and then pasted the whole article back in. When you do it this way you loose connectivity to the old article and it ends up looking like you edited the whole thing. I suggest that in the future if you do it that way again you might document what you actually changed, in the edit Summary section, just to make it easier for the rest of us to see what was altered. Thanks. Reigh :I did not use an external editor, but I see that the revision of 14:04 18 Jul 2003 UTC is accidently blank, I don't know why. I agree that this can be inconvenient because the diff function is only available between consecutive versions and between a selected and the last version. Currently you can still see easily the combined effect of my last three changes because there are no later changes yet: [http://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Nudity&diff=0&oldid=1158055] - User:Patrick 01:17 19 Jul 2003 (UTC) ==Murals and art== ''"Once the universal state of mankind prior to the invention of clothing."'' Have the nuns been using those 18th century textbooks again? In the ''"Progress of Mankind"'' mural, does this vignette follow ''"The Discovery of Fire"''? User:Wetman 06:50, 23 Jul 2004 (UTC) == Image == Is the photograph [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Artful_nude.jpg Image:Artful_nude] really necessary here? I don't think so; especially not one that doesn't even show the subject's face. If you must have a nude photograph, include one of the entire body preferably, or at least the crown to the waist or kneecap. I think that this needs to be changed. User:Cookiecaper 04:29, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) :If you can find a better public-domain nude image, feel free. User:Quadell – User:Quadell (User_talk:Quadell) (User:Quadell/Request for assistance)
Nudity is the state of wearing no clothing. It is sometimes used to refer to wearing significantly less clothing than expected by the conventions of a particular culture and situation, and in particular exposing the bare skin of intimate parts. Human appearance Social conventions
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Nudity:
Nudity
Nudity
Nudity
Nudity_and_sex_in_advertising
Nudity_and_sex_in_advertising
Nudity_in_advertising
Nudity_in_Science-Fiction_Literature
Nudity_in_science-fiction_literature
Nudity_in_science_fiction_literature
Nudity_in_sport
Nudity_in_sport
Nudity_in_Sports
Nudity_in_sports
Nudity
Nudity or nakedness is the state of wearing no clothing. It is sometimes used to refer to wearing significantly less clothing than expected by the conventions of a particular culture and situation, and in particular exposing the bare skin of intimate parts. The term ''topless'' is sometimes used—especially in reference to females—to describe the lack of clothing covering the breasts. Although ''nude'' and ''naked'' have the same objective meaning (i.e. not covered by clothing) and a common origin, they have differing subjective connotations, which partly match their differing etymologies ("nude" originally had a meaning of "plain, bare, unadorned" in a broader sense when introduced into English from Latin "nudus", while "naked" derives from the common early English word for "unclothed" that is cognate with "nudus"). Some consider one term more appropriate than the other. The book ''Nude, Naked, Stripped'' suggests that these three terms define a continuum ranging from artistic or tasteful absence of clothing by choice at one end, and a forced or mandatory condition of being without clothes (e.g. strip search) at the other. ==Historical overview== Although scientific anthropology and Christian Bible literalists offer conflicting accounts of it, they agree that humans originally lived without clothing as their natural state. The former describe the adaptation of animal skins and vegetation into coverings to protect the wearer from cold, heat, and/or rain, especially as humans migrated to new climates. The latter describe the first humans Adam and Eve, after their transgression against God's rules (the original sin), being ashamed of their nakedness and making aprons of fig leaves. Nudity itself was not the original sin, but some people take it so, perhaps explaining the taboo against it. Following the introduction of clothing, different cultures have held a wide variety of attitudes and practises about being nude. In some hunter-gatherer cultures in warm climates, near-complete nudity has been (at least until the introduction of Western culture) standard practice for both men and women. In at least one Africa tribe, the men would go completely naked except for a string tied about the waist. With this string they would be considered properly dressed for hunting and other group activities, without which they were naked. In a number of tribes in the South Pacific island of New Guinea, the men use hard gourdlike pods as ''penis sheaths''. While obscuring and covering the actual penis, these at a longer distance give the impression of a large, erect phallus. Yet a man without this "covering" could be considered to be in an embarrassing state of nakedness. Among the Chumash native Americans of southern California, men were usually naked, and women were often topless. Native Americans of the Amazon Basin, usually went nude or nearly nude; in many tribes, the only clothing worn was some device worn by men to clamp the foreskin shut. However, other similar cultures have had different standards. For example, other native North Americans generally avoided total nudity, and the native Americans of the mountains and west of South America, such as the Quechua, kept quite covered. [[Image:The_Cock-fight_(Gérôme).jpg|thumb|right|300px|Nudity was acceptable to the 19th-century French Salon (gathering)-going public, only as long as the setting was clearly "classical", depicting characters in a culture where nudity was commonplace, as in this painting by Jean-Léon Gérôme (1847)]] At one time in some regions of Greece, such as Minoa, Sparta, and Olympus, nudity was more or less accepted, which indicates that nudity is not foreign to European culture, and being a hunter-gatherer society is not a prerequisite for a society that tolerates nudity. In Classical Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, public nakedness was accepted in the context of public bathing or athletics. (The Greek (language) word gymnasium (Ancient Greece) means "a place to be naked".) Athletes commonly competed nude, but many city-states allowed no female participants or even spectators at those events, Sparta being a notable exception. However, it was also common for a person to be punished by being stripped and whipped in the public square. In Biblical accounts of the Roman Empire era, prisoners were often stripped naked, as a form of humiliation. In the 6th century, Benedict of Nurcia advised in his Benedictine Rule that the monks sleeping in the dormitory should sleep fully dressed. Until the beginning of the 8th century, Christians in Western Europe were baptism naked, emerging from the water like Adam and Eve before the fall. "The disappearance of baptism by immersion in the Carolingian era gave nudity a sexual connotation that it has previously lacked for Christians" (Rouche 1987 p 455). About the same time it became common to represent Christ on the Cross wearing a long tunic, the ''colobium''. European men wore long tunics until the 15th century, when codpieces, tights, and tight trousers gradually came into use; these all covered the male genitals but at the same time drew attention to them. During the Victorian era, public nakedness became untolerated, and even objects that were somewhat anthropomorphic were required to be covered. For example, it was considered somewhat inappropriate for table legs, piano legs, and the like to be uncovered, so furniture often had skirts to cover them. In addition to beaches being segregation by gender, bathing machines were also used to conceal the naked body. In the early 20th century, exposure of male nipples was considered indecent at some beaches. Ironically, as in the Middle Ages, the bathing suits worn by men, while covering the genitals, often nonetheless made them quite obvious. ==Various modern-era attitudes== As a general rule, public nudity is not considered "proper" in most modern societies. There are, however, many exceptions and particular circumstances in which nudity is tolerated, accepted, or even encouraged. In general and across cultures, most restrictions are found for exposure of those parts of the human body that put in evidence sexual arousal or sexual dimorphism between male and female adults. Therefore, sex organs and women's breasts are often covered, even when other parts of the body may be freely uncovered. Nudity in front of a human sexuality partner is widely accepted, but there may be restrictions--for example, only at the time and place of Sexual intercourse, or with subdued lighting, or covered by a sheet or blanket. Nudity in front of strangers of the same gender is often more accepted than in front of those of the other or both genders, for example in open showers, common changing rooms, etc. Gender-specific restrooms serve to prevent accidental partial nudity in front of the other gender. Urinals may have partitions between them to avoid the partial nudity of men to be visible by other men. In some cultures, even for people of the same gender to see each other nude is considered inappropriate and embarrassing. Also, the implication of homosexuality among naked members of the same gender, or the discomfort among homophobia individuals of being viewed by homosexuals, can discourage this type of nudity. In certain structured settings in which nudity serves a practical purpose - such as providing access to a patient's body during a medical procedure or therapeutic massage, or providing figure drawing students with unobstructed views of the human body - an individual may be naked in front of one or several clothed people. In most such situations, the exposed individual will be given a loose robe or cloth to cover themselves partially, even if their "private parts" must be exposed. Total nudity for the model remains the norm in figure drawing studios, however. Similarly, pornography is typically photographed with the models fully nude and the crew fully dressed. None of these settings are routinely experienced by most members of society, however, so they are not normative. Although exposure of the top of women's breasts is usually tolerated, in the United States of America, exposure of female nipples is still not usually allowed in public; public breastfeeding, since the exposure it involves is functional, may be looked upon more mildly, but still it is sometimes considered problematic. However, courts in some North American jurisdictions—including Ontario and New York State—have legalized the exposure of women's nipples on equal protection grounds (see United States Constitution/Amendment Fourteen). The movement of "topfree equality" promotes equal rights for women to have no clothing above the waist; the term "topfree" rather than "topless" is used to avoid the latter term's sexual connotations. However, there are still extreme reactions on the parts of many to exposure of the full breast, as in Janet Jackson's Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy during the half-time show of the 2004 Super Bowl. Nudity is closely associated with sexuality in most cultures where some level of body modesty is expected. This is evidenced by the existence of striptease in these cultures. As an effect of Catholicism cultural heritage, in Latin cultures the common definition of modesty does not generally admit genital nudity, but the definition of what is lewd has changed and women's breasts are now commonly exposed or depicted without scandal. Some strict interpretations of Islam require women to observe purdah, covering their entire bodies, including the face (see burka), on threat of severe punishment. The trend in some European countries (for instance Germany, Finland, and the Netherlands) is to allow both genders to bathe together naked. Typically, older German bathhouses, such as Bad Burg, remain segregated by gender. The reverse is true of Japanese sentos. Most of the newer Japanese bathhouses are gender segregated, whereas the older baths in the countryside are mixed gender. In both cases (mixed or segregated) public bathing in Japan is done in total nudity. Some people enjoy public nudity in a non-sexual context. This movement is known as nudism or naturism, and is often practiced in reserved places that used to be called "nudist camps" but are now more commonly referred to as naturist resorts, beaches, or clubs. Such facilities may be designated topless, clothing-optional, or fully-nude-only. Others practice public nudity more casually. Topless Sunlight#Sunbathing is considered acceptable on the beaches of France, Spain, and most of the rest of Europe (and even in many outdoor swimming pools); however, exposure of the genitals is restricted to nudist areas in most regions, Eastern Germany being a notable exception. (Nude bathing was one of the few generally tolerated liberties people could take in the communist East Germany, which explains its popularity.) In the United States, topless sunbathing and Thong_(garment)s are common in South Miami Beach, Florida. There are a number of nude beaches up and down the West Coast of the United States of the U.S., as well. ===Children=== Attitudes toward the nudity of children vary substantially, depending on the child's age and the context of the nudity. Among some people they have changed noticeably since the mid 20th century, largely due to increasing concerns about sexual abuse of children. One of the more traditional attitudes regards children who have not yet reached puberty (or perhaps a younger age) as essentially asexual, and treats their nudity as harmless. This is most commonly true of infants, who are often depicted nude without negative social connotation. The work of Anne Geddes, for example, often depicts nude infants in scenes that would be considered in quite a different light if the children were several years older. In some cultures, it may be acceptable for male children to be seen nude by females, but not vice versa. This was formerly the practice in parts of the rural United States, for example. In many places children are taught to never to be seen nude by those of the opposite sex (especially of the same approximate age). In these circumstances, children would be ashamed or very embarrassed if anyone (except perhaps a parent, sibling, or other close relative) of the opposite sex saw them nude. They may even be subject to giggling and teasing by clothed children of similar culture. However, children of this age may also be motivated by their curiosity to covertly expose themselves to a child of the other gender in exchange for them doing the same ("I'll show you mine if you show me yours.") This attitude toward nudity and gender separatism usually peaks at about age nine, later very gradually changing to allow for a sexual partner to eventually see them nude. Increasing awareness of the fact that children are sexually abused has created a partial backlash in developed countries against the general trend toward increasing acceptance of public nudity, especially of children. In some cases, ''any'' public nudity of a person under the age of consent might be accused of being abusive. For example, there have been incidents in which snapshots taken by parents of their infant or toddler children bathing or otherwise naked were destroyed or turned over to law enforcement as child pornography. In New Zealand photographs of naked minors in newspapers and magazines were once socially acceptable, but would invoke horror and revulsion amongst the readership if published today. Perhaps coincidentally, swimwear fashions for children have become less revealing over this same time period. Debates are unresolved about the acceptability of child nudity. ==Nudity beyond social norms== Streaking is running naked through a non-nudist public place, usually for fun or as a practical joke. Nudity has sometimes been used to attract more attention to a public protest, a tactic used by the Doukhobors in the early 20th century, and later (particularly from the 1960s onwards) used more widely. Modern slogans include "Disrobe for disarmament", "Nudes, not nukes!", "Naked For Peace", "Dare 2 Bare 4 Freedom + Peace", "I'd rather go naked than wear fur!" and "I Got Rid Of My Bush! Read My Labia - No To War!" In softcore pornography, which was originally presented mainly in the form of "men's magazines", it was barely acceptable to show a glimpse of nipple in the 1950s. By the 1970s, in such mainstream magazines as ''Playboy'' and ''Hustler'', no region of the body was considered off limits. Meanwhile, a growing business of hardcore pornography has developed, including photo magazines and motion pictures, in which total nudity (and any variety of sexual activity) is commonplace. Originally, nude dancing was mainly presented in the form of the "strip-tease". This was generally a stage show in which the dancer progressively removed her clothing while dancing to music. Prominent early- to mid-twentieth century "strip-tease artists" such as Gypsy Rose Lee rarely included total nudity as part of their sometimes quite elaborate acts. Now most "exotic" dancers perform topless (independent of gender, of course), perhaps wearing a thong bottom. In the 1970s, on an official level, men entered the strip club field, performing partially-unclothed dances primarily at clubs aimed for heterosexual women (the Chippendales being the most common example). Both genders had been unofficially dancing at clubs for many years (at least since the 1950's), and today at clubs catering to gay, straight, and everything in-between clientele. ==Depictions of nudity== {|border="1" cellpadding="4" align="center" |- | align="right" width="300"| | align="left" width="300"| |- |colspan="2"|Goya's ''La Maja Desnuda'' and ''La Maja Vestida''. In 19th-century Europe, it was common to have two paintings of the same subject for the same place on the wall. Depending on which guests were visiting, one or the other was shown. |} The depiction of nudity in art has generally conformed - with some variation - to social standards for public nudity; in cultures where nudity was accepted, nude figures in painting and sculpture were as well. However, some cultures have tolerated artistic nudity more than actual nudity, with a different set of standards of what is acceptable. As social attitudes about artistic nudity have changed, this has sometimes led to conflict over art that no longer conforms to prevailing standards. For example, the Catholicism once organized the so-called ''fig-leaf campaign'' to cover nudity in art, starting from the works of Renaissance artist Michelangelo Buonarroti. The ''nude'' has become an enduring genre of representational art, especially painting, sculpture, and photography. It depicts people without clothes on, usually with stylistic and staging conventions that distinguish the artistic elements (such as innocence, or similar theatrical/artistic elements) of being ''nude'' with the more provocative state of being ''naked''. A ''nude'' figure is one, such as a goddess or a man in ancient Greece, for whom the lack of clothing is its usual condition, so that there is no sexual suggestiveness presumed. A ''naked'' figure is one, such as a contemporary prostitute or a businessman, who usually wears clothing, such that their lack of it in this scene implies sexual activity or suggestiveness. The latter were rare in European art from the Medieval period until the latter half of the 1800s; in the interim, a work featuring an unclothed woman would routinely identify her as "Venus (mythology)" or another Greco-Roman goddess, to justify her nudity. [[Image:Artful nude.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Nudity is a common subject both in fine arts and popular culture.]] Nudity in art, also publicly displayed, is rather common and more accepted than public nudity of real people. For example, a statue or painting representing a nude person may be displayed in public places where actual nudity is not allowed. However, there is also much art depicting a nude person with a piece of cloth seemingly by chance covering the genitals. A 1960s sketch featuring English comedians Peter Cook and Dudley Moore admiring Cézanne's '':Image:Cezanne_Beigneuses.jpg'' in the National Gallery, London humorously suggested that there must be hundreds of paintings that are not publicly displayed because the pieces of cloth did not fall in just the right places while the artist was painting them. In modern media, images of partial and full nudity are used in advertising to draw additional attention. In the case of attractive Model (person) this attention is due to the visual pleasure the images provide; in other cases it is due to the relative rarity of images of nudity. The use of nudity in advertising tends to be carefully controlled to avoid the impression that the company whose product is being advertised is indecent or unrefined. There are also limits on what advertising media such as magazines allow. The success of sexually provocative advertising is claimed in the truism "sex sells". However, responses to nudity in American advertisements have been more mixed; nudity in the advertisements of Calvin Klein, Benetton, and Abercrombie and Fitch, to name three companies, have provoked much negative as well as positive response. (''See also:'' Sex in advertising). Of images of nudity (not necessarily pornography), the most extreme form is "full frontal" nudity, referring to the fact that the actor or model is presented from the front and including "everything", indicating that the genitals are exposed. Frequently images of nude people do not go that far and photograph are deliberately composed, and films edited, such that in particular no genitalia are seen, as if the camera failed to see them by chance. The portrayal of nudity in film has long been controversial. Several early films of the silent film featured nudity; in response to objections voiced by several groups, scenes of nudity were censorship in mainstream USA films by the Hays Code from the 1930s until the 1960s when the MPAA film rating system was instituted. In the early 1950s the only open cinematic displays of nudity were in naturist quasi-documentary films. In 1959 the film ''The Immoral Mr. Teas'' became the first non-naturist film openly exhibiting nudity. These earlier films were about nudity or about the visualization of nudity, rather than its use in film using incidental nudity as part of a larger story. [[Image:KateWinsletTitanic.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Kate Winslet poses for a nude drawing in Titanic (1997 movie), rated PG13 by MPAA]] Only with the MPAA rating system could nudity be legitimately included in a commercially successful film built around some other story. Since then, many films have featured various levels of nudity; however, full frontal nudity (especially featuring male anatomy) is still rare in US cinema. Full nudity has gained much wider acceptance in European cinema, where in contrast to their US counterparts the audience perceive nudity and sexuality in general as less objectionable than the depiction of excessive violence. Noteworthy films which garnered controversy at the time of their release due to nudity include: *''Inspiration'' (dir. George Platt 1915) the first film to feature nudity *''Ecstasy (1933 movie)'' (dir. Gustav Machaty 1933) *''Blow-Up'' (dir. Michelangelo Antonioni 1966) *''I Am Curious (Yellow)'' (dir. Vilgot Sjoman 1967) *''Romeo and Juliet (1968 movie)'' (dir. Franco Zeffirelli 1968) *''Women in Love'' (dir. Ken Russell 1969) *''Last Tango in Paris'' (dir. Bernardo Bertolucci 1972) *''Blue Velvet'' (dir. David Lynch 1986) *''Basic Instinct'' (dir. Paul Verhoeven 1992) *''The Piano'' (dir. Jane Campion 1993) *''Showgirls'' (dir. Paul Verhoeven 1995) *''Titanic (1997 movie)'' (dir. James Cameron 1997) [[Image:Nude-Charlotte-Ross.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Charlotte Ross nude in an episode of NYPD Blue.]] Broadcast television and most "basic cable" outlets in the United States have been more reluctant to display nudity in most cases, the exception being PBS. A few series in the 1990s, including ''NYPD Blue'', have occasionally used partial nudity, both male and female. When broadcast on television, theatrically released films featuring nudity are usually presented with the nude scenes edited out, or the nudity is obscured in some fashion (for example Computer generated imagery may be used to clothe nude actors). Several premium cable services such as Home Box Office and Showtime have gained popularity for, among other things, presenting unedited films. In addition, they have produced series that do not shy away from nude scenes, including ''Oz (television)'', ''Sex and the City'', ''The Sopranos'', and ''Queer as Folk''. Nudity is occasionally presented in other media as well, often with attending controversy. Album cover art featuring nude photographs, featuring music by performers such as Jimi Hendrix, John Lennon and Yoko Ono, Blind Faith, and Jane's Addiction, have stirred controversy over the years. Several rock musicians have performed nude on stage, including members of Jane's Addiction, Rage Against the Machine, Green Day, The Jesus Lizard, and the Red Hot Chilli Peppers. Television soap operas have rarely showed any risque nudity, the exception being the [Procter & Gamble]] soap operas ''As the World Turns'' and ''Guiding Light'' which in 2005 went as far as featuring rear male nudity during lovemaking scenes. After the Super Bowl controversy, FCC commisioner Michael J. Copps stated that it was time for a crackdown on daytime television and indicated that he was reviewing whether soap operas were violating the agency's indecency prohibitions. Following this news, ''Guiding Light'' edited out nudity from an episode that had already been taped. A week later, the show's executive producer John Conboy was fired and replaced by Ellen Wheeler. All nine American network soaps began to impose an unwritten rule of avoiding any sort of risque adult scenes. for more information ''see'' Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy. On the Internet, especially on websites featuring images of well known people, the terms ''nude'' and ''nudity'' have often been used (some would say misused) to signify indecent exposure; for example, a photo of an otherwise fully clothed woman with a nipple exposed. See also: Nude celebrities on the Internet. An exception is often made for the depiction of peoples whose nudity is acceptable within the mores of a traditional culture. This so-called "ethnographic" nudity has appeared in National Geographic magazine, as well as documentaries broadcast in the United States. In some cases, media outlets may show nudity which occurs in a "natural" or spontaneous setting in news programs or documentaries, while blurring out or censoring the nudity in a dramatic work. ==See also== *Figure drawing *Godiva *Gymnophobia *Indecent exposure *Modesty *Mooning *Undergarment#Not_wearing_undergarment *Nudism *Nudity in science-fiction literature *Nudity in sport *Sex in advertising *Skinny dipping *Vintage erotica *:Category:Images containing nudity ==References== *Rouche, Michel, "Private life conquers state and society," in ''A History of Private Life'' vol I, Paul Veyne, editor, Harvard University Press 1987 ISBN 0-674-39974-9 ==External links== *[http://www.sfheart.com/naked_for_peace.html Naked for Peace] *[http://www.spencertunick.com/ Art photos of public mass nudity] by Spencer Tunick *[http://photography.about.com/cs/nudephotography/ Nude photography] *[http://d-sites.net/english/eroteye.htm 'The erotic eye and its nude: an inquiry into the vicissitudes of the scopic and phanic drive'] ==Other uses== *''Naked (film)'' is the name of a 1993 in film film, directed by Mike Leigh. *''Naked'' is the name of a book of humorous essays by David Sedaris. *''Naked'' is the title of a 2005 track and album released by Marques Houston. *The word ''nude'' may also refer to a strain of immunodeficient mice used in immunology research, so named because they lack hair. Nude mice ''(nu/nu)'' lack thymus glands, and as such cannot produce functioning T cells. * The country-code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Pacific island of Niue is .nu; "nu" is also French for "nude" or "naked". Nudity Human appearance Social conventions
Nudity
==Representation== Isn't the representation of nudity, i.e. in a film, in a picture, in a sculpture, a nudity itself? It seems to me that the effect is the same: nude bodies are shown. Usually (AFAIK) physical nudity and its representation are evaluated the same way. :Really? When I was in the Prado, I saw lots of naked people on canvas, but very few if any naked people visiting the museum. - user:Montrealais *I think there's a difference between represented nakedness and actual nakedness (I prefer to use the NPOV term "naked" rather than "nude" which connotes a positive spin). ::Your assertion that "naked" is somehow a NPOV term between "nude" and "stripped" is a POV I, for one, don't share. The fact that someone wrote a book arguing that it ''should'' work that way doesn't mean that it's how people actually use the terms; to the contrary, the fact that the case had to be made at all points out that they do not. ::Furthermore, it's traditional for the titles of encylopedia articles to be ''nouns'' (e.g. "nudity"), ''not adjedtives''. User:Tverbeek 15:20, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC) For example, it's acceptable to have a restaraunt with a view of people who are less than fully clothed, such as happens in hotel restaurants that often overlook a pool, where people are visible wearing only their swimsuits. However, a guy walked into the resturant from the pool, at Usenix 98, and the person at the front desk yelled out "Sir! There are ladies in this restaurant." What is visible from the resturant is alot different than what actually happens there, i.e. the representation of people who are not fully clothed is alot different than people actually not being fully clothed. :As another example, we might see a bank robber with a gun on the news on TV in the restaurant, but if a man with a gun actually walked into the restaurant there would be quite a commotion. :Despite our postmodern society that can't seem to tell the difference between reality and represented reality, I still think there is a difference between the signifier and the signified. :Theatre is a middle ground. For example, I've seen completely naked actors in a theatrical production that showed a scene where people would be expected to be naked, i.e. appropriate nakedness. But if audience members were naked, this would be out of context. Since theatre is, at least in part, simulacra/simulation (i.e. Artaud who coined the term "Virtual Reality" coined this term to denote theatre), the nakedness in theatre is OK because it's on the other side of the proscenium, which functions much like the TV screen or the glass window that separates the pool from the restaurant in the example I explained above. ==Bush?== By putting in one about Bush does not make a poltical statement? I thought this place was suppose to make npov :That's not much more NPOV than the rest of the paragraph. And you forgot to leave the first quote mark in place, anyway. But it's not POV to say that people say that slogan, just to endorse that slogan. -- User:JohnOwens ::Here is my point there are about 4 or 5 other slogans why allow a cheap shot that is directed at one person :::If you phrase it correctly, fine. -- User:JohnOwens John you have restore my faith in this forum for now Keith( also incorrectly spelled Kieth) don't ask ::::I disagree, i think that it is more pov than the rest of the statements, its also more vulgar. further i have heard all of the others but not this one. can we cite it as a popular slogan? User:Cavebear42 15:25, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) :::::Well, of ''course'' it reflects a POV; it's a political slogan. And as for it being vulgar, again: that's the point of it. I don't think ''any'' of them can be called "popular" (they're all protesting popular opinion), but I saw variations on the "read my lips" one frequently during the first Persian Gulf War. User:Tverbeek 16:10, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) :I think the problem with that slogan isn't the political aspect but... that it's only incredibly very loosely related to nudity. The other quotes are about nudity... while this only necessarily implies a revealed labia which isn't typically what is thought of as nudity and there is nothing explicit about it... I'd remove it because it's not about nudity like "Nudes not nukes" is... and it's not advocating nudity like that quote is either... it's just a bad quote for this article, not because it's political. User:Grenavitar 20:53, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) ::Who said the examples were supposed to be of people advocating nudity? They're not; they're ''uses'' of nudity as part of a political statement. You're right: a protest slogan that revolves around the revealing of shaved labia isn't ''related to'' nudity; it ''is'' nudity... "beyond social norms" as the section header states. Maybe the problem is that it doesn't translate well to just the slogan, and needs some description of the context. User:Tverbeek 22:15, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) ==Western culture== I question the adequateness of the statement: "Western culture has become much more restrictive about nudity for children in recent decades, presumably as a result of concerns about pedophilia and child pornography." (My emphasis.) I don't know, I admit that I really don't know, but I would suggest that it might be more a question of Anglo-Saxon cultural diffusion, and of dress fashion, than of genuinely changed views on the sexual value of pre-pubertal (or pubertal) children. Anglo-Saxons have, I believe, been more prudish than even Catholics on the Continent. I'm prepared to change the presumption. As a support (admittedly a weak support, but the best I can come up with :) for my theory is my own experience: Why did my mates and I start jumping into the river in our underpants to take them off and lie naked in the sun while drying, when the Big Boys did it the other way round? Why did we continue with this custom when WE were the big boys? I can think of no other reasonable explanation than that being how our cultural models on TV did. (In TV bathing boys were often shown, but the drying-up part wasn't, and the bathing boys were never naked, unless they were from some backwards corner of the world.) -- User:Ruhrjung 17:41 May 12, 2003 (UTC) I think it is definitely more of an issue in England and especially America. In England the Victorians were extremely prudish about nudity. Even an ankle would have been considered obscene. Although it is interesting that public nudity in certain contexts was probably more accepted in the victorian era than it is now. people would often bathe in rivers nude. This was probably because men and women were segregated so it was acceptable to be nude in the prescensce of members of the same sex and also that outside 'polite society' most ordinary people were not as prudish as we think of them. America is also particularly obsessed about sex. I think rather than being inspite of being protestant it is because England and America have been strongly protestant that nudity is an issue. There is a misconception that nudity=sex. Why should a woman's breasts be obscene? They are not a sex organ and have nothing to do with sex but are purely for feeding babies. Male nipples are not considered obscene so why womens? --User:Cap 11:52, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC) ==In art== New topic: how about a page for Nudity in art? Patrick on July 18, 2003, ==Editing== I notice that when you edited this page you must have used an external word processor, and then pasted the whole article back in. When you do it this way you loose connectivity to the old article and it ends up looking like you edited the whole thing. I suggest that in the future if you do it that way again you might document what you actually changed, in the edit Summary section, just to make it easier for the rest of us to see what was altered. Thanks. Reigh :I did not use an external editor, but I see that the revision of 14:04 18 Jul 2003 UTC is accidently blank, I don't know why. I agree that this can be inconvenient because the diff function is only available between consecutive versions and between a selected and the last version. Currently you can still see easily the combined effect of my last three changes because there are no later changes yet: [http://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Nudity&diff=0&oldid=1158055] - User:Patrick 01:17 19 Jul 2003 (UTC) ==Murals and art== ''"Once the universal state of mankind prior to the invention of clothing."'' Have the nuns been using those 18th century textbooks again? In the ''"Progress of Mankind"'' mural, does this vignette follow ''"The Discovery of Fire"''? User:Wetman 06:50, 23 Jul 2004 (UTC) == Image == Is the photograph [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Artful_nude.jpg Image:Artful_nude] really necessary here? I don't think so; especially not one that doesn't even show the subject's face. If you must have a nude photograph, include one of the entire body preferably, or at least the crown to the waist or kneecap. I think that this needs to be changed. User:Cookiecaper 04:29, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) :If you can find a better public-domain nude image, feel free. User:Quadell – User:Quadell (User_talk:Quadell) (User:Quadell/Request for assistance)
Nudity
Nudity is the state of wearing no clothing. It is sometimes used to refer to wearing significantly less clothing than expected by the conventions of a particular culture and situation, and in particular exposing the bare skin of intimate parts. Human appearance Social conventions
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
N
NA | NB | NC | ND | NE | NF | NG | NH | NI | NJ | NK | NL | NM | NO | NP | NR | NS | NT | NU | NW | NX | NY | NZ |Words begining with Nudity:
Nudity
Nudity
Nudity
Nudity_and_sex_in_advertising
Nudity_and_sex_in_advertising
Nudity_in_advertising
Nudity_in_Science-Fiction_Literature
Nudity_in_science-fiction_literature
Nudity_in_science_fiction_literature
Nudity_in_sport
Nudity_in_sport
Nudity_in_Sports
Nudity_in_sports
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