
NICE can refer to: *The British National Institute for Clinical Excellence *The Iraqi National Independent Cadres and Elites *NICE Systems, designing call monitoring systems
:''This article is about the city. For other Nice articles, see Nice (disambiguation).'' Nice (International Phonetic Alphabet as in "niece"; Provençal language ''Niça'' or ''Nissa'', Italian language ''Nizza'') is a city in Southern France France located on the Mediterranean Sea coast, between Marseilles and Genoa, with 933,080 inhabitants in the aire urbaine at the 1999 census. The city is a major tourist center and a leading resort on the French Riviera - ''Côte d'Azur''. ==Administration== Located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur ''région'', Nice is a commune in France and the ''préfecture'' (administrative capital) of the Alpes-Maritimes ''département''. == History == Nice (Nicaea) was founded in the 5th century bc by the Greeks of Marseille and received the name of Νικαία ("Nikaia") in honour of a victory over the neighbouring Ligurians (Nike (mythology) being the goddess of victory). It soon became one of the busiest trading stations on the Ligurian coast; but as a city it had an important rival in the town of Cemenelum, which continued to exist till the time of the Lombard invasions, and has left its ruins at Cimiez, which is now a quarter of Nice. In the 7th century Nice joined the Genoese league formed by the towns of Liguria. In 729 it repulsed the Saracens; but in 859 and 880 they pillaged and burned it, and for the most of the 10th century remained masters of the surrounding country. During the Middle Ages Nice had its share in the wars and disasters of Italy. As an ally of Pisa it was the enemy of Genoa, and both the King of France and the Holy Roman Empire endeavoured to subjugate it; but in spite of all it maintained its municipal liberty. In the course of the 13th century and 14th century it fell more than once into the hands of the Counts of Provence; and at length in 1388 the commune placed itself under the protection of the County of Savoy. The maritime strength of Nice now rapidly increased until it was able to cope with the Barbary pirates; the fortifications were largely extended and the roads to the city improved. During the struggle between Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor great damage was caused by the passage of the army invading Provence; pestilence and famine raged in the city for several years. It was in Nice that the two monarchs in 1538 concluded, through the mediation of Pope Paul III, a Truce of Nice. In 1543 Nice was attacked by the united forces of Francis I and Khair ad Din; and, though the inhabitants repulsed the assault which succeeded the terrible bombardment, they were ultimately compelled to surrender, and Barbarossa was allowed to pillage the city and to carry off 2,500 captives. Pestilence appeared again in 1550 and 1580. In 1600 Nice was taken by the House of Guise. By opening the harbors of the countship to all nations, and proclaiming full freedom of trade, Charles Emmanuel in 1626 gave a great stimulus to the commerce of the city, whose noble families took part in its mercantile enterprises. Captured by Nicolas Catinat in 1691, Nice was restored to Savoy in 1696; but it was again besieged by the French in 1705, and in the following year its citadel and ramparts were demolished. The Treaty of Utrecht (1713) in 1713 once more gave the city back to Savoy; and in the peaceful years which followed the "new town" was built. From 1744 till the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) the French and Spaniards were again in possession. In 1775 the king of Sardinia destroyed all that remained of the ancient liberties of the Commune in France. Conquered in 1792 by the armies of the French republic, the county of Nice continued to be part of France until 1814; but after that date it reverted to Sardinia. By a treaty concluded in 1860 between the Sardinian king and Napoleon III it was again transferred to France, and the cession was ratified by over 25,000 electors out of a total of 30,700. In the second half of the 20th century, Nice bore the influence of mayor Jean Médecin (mayor from 1947 to 1965) and his son Jacques Médecin (mayor from 1966 to 1990). As the accusations of political corruption grew, Jacques Médecin fled France in 1990 and was arrested in Uruguay in 1993, leading to his extradition in 1994. He was then convicted of several counts of corruption and associated crimes and sentenced to prison. Jacques Peyrat, the mayor of Nice since 1995, is a member of the Union pour la Majorité Présidentielle party and former member of the ''National Front (France)''. In 2003, local head prosecutor Éric de Montgolfier alleged that some judicial cases involving local personalities had been suspiciously derailed by the local judiciary, which he suspected of having unhealthy contacts, through Freemasonry lodges, with the very people that they are supposed to prosecute or judge. A controversial official report stated that de Montgolfier had made unwarranted accusations. == Culture == Nice has a distinct culture due to its unique history. The local language Niçard is still spoken by a minority and there are strong Italian and Corsican influences as well as Provençal. Niçard is sometimes regarded as a Provençal dialect. ''La cuisine niçoise'' is the local food culture, which includes pissaladière, a pizza-pie, socca, a special kind of pancake, bouillabaisse, a fish soup, and salade niçoise, a salad with sardines and olives. In the recent decades Nice, as the rest of France, has received immigrants from other parts of the world, mainly Northern and Western Africa as well as southeastern Asia, which has further enriched the cultural life of the city. ==Transportation== The city is served by Côte d'Azur International Airport and has a railway station. ==Miscellaneous== ===Births=== Nice was the birthplace of: * André Masséna (1758-1817), Duke of Rivoli, Prince of Essling, soldier in the armies of Napoleon and a Marshal of France * Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1885), nationalist revolutionary and Italy's most famous soldier of the Italian unification * Melchior de Vogüé (1848-1910), author * Albert Calmette (1863-1933), physician, bacteriology and immunology * Marcel Journet (1867-1933), tenor * Robert Caesar Childers (1838-1876), United Kingdom Orientalism scholar * René Dreyfus (1905-1993), Grand Prix driver * Jean Behra (1921-1959), Formula One driver * Simone Veil (born 1927), lawyer and politician * Yves Klein (1928-1962), artist * Christian Wolff (born 1934), United States composer of experimental classical music * Jean-Pierre Mocky, Actor and Filmmaker * Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio (born 1940), author * Jacques Toubon (born 1941, politician * Didier Van Cauwelaert (born 1960), author, winner of the 1994 Prix Goncourt * Surya Bonaly (born 1973), professional figure skating * Lise Darly (born 1981), singer, selected to represent Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 * Florian Dotti (born 1987), soccer player, winner of NC MVP ==See also== * Albert Spaggiari * Cimiez * Hotel Negresco * Musée des Beaux-Arts Jules Chéret * Nice Observatory * OGC Nice * Paris-Nice * Sainte Jeanne d'Arc Church (Nice, France) * Sophia Antipolis * Treaty of Nice (2003) ==Reference== * Coastal cities Communes of Alpes-Maritimes Cities in France French Riviera la:Nicaea
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Nice:
NICE
Nice
Nice,_Alpes-Maritimes
Nice,_CA
Nice,_California
Nice,_France
Nice.
Nice.
Nicean_Crede
Nicean_Empire
Niceguy
NiceGuyAlberto
Niceguyjoey
Niceguyjoey
Niceland
Nicelotus
Nicelotus
Nicene
Nicenet
Nicene_and_Post-Nicene_Fathers
Nicene_Christianity
Nicene_Council
Nicene_Creed
Nicene_Creed
Nicene_creed
Nicephore_Niepce
Nicéphore_Niepce
Nicéphore_Niepce
Nicéphore_Nièpce
Nicéphore_Nièpce
Nicéphore_Niépce
Nicéphore_Niépce
Nicephorus
Nicephorus,_patriarch_of_Constantinople
Nicephorus_Botaniates
Nicephorus_Bryennius
Nicephorus_Callistus_Xanthopoulos
Nicephorus_Gregoras
Nicephorus_I
Nicephorus_II
Nicephorus_III
Nicephorus_III_Botaneiates
Nicephorus_II_Phocas
Nicephorus_I_of_Constantinople
Nicephorus_Phocas
NicePlayer
Nicestpersononearth
Nicetas
Nicetas_Acominatus
Nicetas_Choniates
Nicetas_of_Remesiana
Niceto_Alcala-Zamora
Niceto_Alcalá-Zamora
Niceto_Alcala_Zamora
Niceto_Alcalá_Zamora
Niceto_Alcalá_Zamora
Niceto_Alcala_Zamora_y_Torres
Niceville
Niceville,_FL
Niceville,_Florida
Nice_&_Smooth
Nice_(biscuit)
Nice_(disambiguation)
Nice_(Unix)
Nice_and_Smooth
Nice_cup_of_tea_and_a_sit_down
Nice_cup_of_tea_and_a_sit_down
Nice_Dream
Nice_Dreams_Music
Nice_Enough_To_Eat
Nice_guy
Nice_guy_syndrome
Nice_guy_syndrome
Nice_guy_syndrome/Delete
Nice_infobox
Nice_infobox
Nice_Language
Nice_neighborhood
Nice_Observatory
Nice_programming_language
NICE_Systems
Nice_Time
Nice_Time_(Alain_Tanner)
Nice_To_Be_Around
Nice_Treaty
Nice_treaty
Nice_Work
NICE
NICE can refer to: *The British National Institute for Clinical Excellence *The Iraqi National Independent Cadres and Elites *NICE Systems, designing call monitoring systems
Nice
:''This article is about the city. For other Nice articles, see Nice (disambiguation).'' Nice (International Phonetic Alphabet as in "niece"; Provençal language ''Niça'' or ''Nissa'', Italian language ''Nizza'') is a city in Southern France France located on the Mediterranean Sea coast, between Marseilles and Genoa, with 933,080 inhabitants in the aire urbaine at the 1999 census. The city is a major tourist center and a leading resort on the French Riviera - ''Côte d'Azur''. ==Administration== Located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur ''région'', Nice is a commune in France and the ''préfecture'' (administrative capital) of the Alpes-Maritimes ''département''. == History == Nice (Nicaea) was founded in the 5th century bc by the Greeks of Marseille and received the name of Νικαία ("Nikaia") in honour of a victory over the neighbouring Ligurians (Nike (mythology) being the goddess of victory). It soon became one of the busiest trading stations on the Ligurian coast; but as a city it had an important rival in the town of Cemenelum, which continued to exist till the time of the Lombard invasions, and has left its ruins at Cimiez, which is now a quarter of Nice. In the 7th century Nice joined the Genoese league formed by the towns of Liguria. In 729 it repulsed the Saracens; but in 859 and 880 they pillaged and burned it, and for the most of the 10th century remained masters of the surrounding country. During the Middle Ages Nice had its share in the wars and disasters of Italy. As an ally of Pisa it was the enemy of Genoa, and both the King of France and the Holy Roman Empire endeavoured to subjugate it; but in spite of all it maintained its municipal liberty. In the course of the 13th century and 14th century it fell more than once into the hands of the Counts of Provence; and at length in 1388 the commune placed itself under the protection of the County of Savoy. The maritime strength of Nice now rapidly increased until it was able to cope with the Barbary pirates; the fortifications were largely extended and the roads to the city improved. During the struggle between Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor great damage was caused by the passage of the army invading Provence; pestilence and famine raged in the city for several years. It was in Nice that the two monarchs in 1538 concluded, through the mediation of Pope Paul III, a Truce of Nice. In 1543 Nice was attacked by the united forces of Francis I and Khair ad Din; and, though the inhabitants repulsed the assault which succeeded the terrible bombardment, they were ultimately compelled to surrender, and Barbarossa was allowed to pillage the city and to carry off 2,500 captives. Pestilence appeared again in 1550 and 1580. In 1600 Nice was taken by the House of Guise. By opening the harbors of the countship to all nations, and proclaiming full freedom of trade, Charles Emmanuel in 1626 gave a great stimulus to the commerce of the city, whose noble families took part in its mercantile enterprises. Captured by Nicolas Catinat in 1691, Nice was restored to Savoy in 1696; but it was again besieged by the French in 1705, and in the following year its citadel and ramparts were demolished. The Treaty of Utrecht (1713) in 1713 once more gave the city back to Savoy; and in the peaceful years which followed the "new town" was built. From 1744 till the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) the French and Spaniards were again in possession. In 1775 the king of Sardinia destroyed all that remained of the ancient liberties of the Commune in France. Conquered in 1792 by the armies of the French republic, the county of Nice continued to be part of France until 1814; but after that date it reverted to Sardinia. By a treaty concluded in 1860 between the Sardinian king and Napoleon III it was again transferred to France, and the cession was ratified by over 25,000 electors out of a total of 30,700. In the second half of the 20th century, Nice bore the influence of mayor Jean Médecin (mayor from 1947 to 1965) and his son Jacques Médecin (mayor from 1966 to 1990). As the accusations of political corruption grew, Jacques Médecin fled France in 1990 and was arrested in Uruguay in 1993, leading to his extradition in 1994. He was then convicted of several counts of corruption and associated crimes and sentenced to prison. Jacques Peyrat, the mayor of Nice since 1995, is a member of the Union pour la Majorité Présidentielle party and former member of the ''National Front (France)''. In 2003, local head prosecutor Éric de Montgolfier alleged that some judicial cases involving local personalities had been suspiciously derailed by the local judiciary, which he suspected of having unhealthy contacts, through Freemasonry lodges, with the very people that they are supposed to prosecute or judge. A controversial official report stated that de Montgolfier had made unwarranted accusations. == Culture == Nice has a distinct culture due to its unique history. The local language Niçard is still spoken by a minority and there are strong Italian and Corsican influences as well as Provençal. Niçard is sometimes regarded as a Provençal dialect. ''La cuisine niçoise'' is the local food culture, which includes pissaladière, a pizza-pie, socca, a special kind of pancake, bouillabaisse, a fish soup, and salade niçoise, a salad with sardines and olives. In the recent decades Nice, as the rest of France, has received immigrants from other parts of the world, mainly Northern and Western Africa as well as southeastern Asia, which has further enriched the cultural life of the city. ==Transportation== The city is served by Côte d'Azur International Airport and has a railway station. ==Miscellaneous== ===Births=== Nice was the birthplace of: * André Masséna (1758-1817), Duke of Rivoli, Prince of Essling, soldier in the armies of Napoleon and a Marshal of France * Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1885), nationalist revolutionary and Italy's most famous soldier of the Italian unification * Melchior de Vogüé (1848-1910), author * Albert Calmette (1863-1933), physician, bacteriology and immunology * Marcel Journet (1867-1933), tenor * Robert Caesar Childers (1838-1876), United Kingdom Orientalism scholar * René Dreyfus (1905-1993), Grand Prix driver * Jean Behra (1921-1959), Formula One driver * Simone Veil (born 1927), lawyer and politician * Yves Klein (1928-1962), artist * Christian Wolff (born 1934), United States composer of experimental classical music * Jean-Pierre Mocky, Actor and Filmmaker * Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio (born 1940), author * Jacques Toubon (born 1941, politician * Didier Van Cauwelaert (born 1960), author, winner of the 1994 Prix Goncourt * Surya Bonaly (born 1973), professional figure skating * Lise Darly (born 1981), singer, selected to represent Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 * Florian Dotti (born 1987), soccer player, winner of NC MVP ==See also== * Albert Spaggiari * Cimiez * Hotel Negresco * Musée des Beaux-Arts Jules Chéret * Nice Observatory * OGC Nice * Paris-Nice * Sainte Jeanne d'Arc Church (Nice, France) * Sophia Antipolis * Treaty of Nice (2003) ==Reference== * Coastal cities Communes of Alpes-Maritimes Cities in France French Riviera la:Nicaea
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
N
NA | NB | NC | ND | NE | NF | NG | NH | NI | NJ | NK | NL | NM | NO | NP | NR | NS | NT | NU | NW | NX | NY | NZ |Words begining with Nice:
NICE
Nice
Nice,_Alpes-Maritimes
Nice,_CA
Nice,_California
Nice,_France
Nice.
Nice.
Nicean_Crede
Nicean_Empire
Niceguy
NiceGuyAlberto
Niceguyjoey
Niceguyjoey
Niceland
Nicelotus
Nicelotus
Nicene
Nicenet
Nicene_and_Post-Nicene_Fathers
Nicene_Christianity
Nicene_Council
Nicene_Creed
Nicene_Creed
Nicene_creed
Nicephore_Niepce
Nicéphore_Niepce
Nicéphore_Niepce
Nicéphore_Nièpce
Nicéphore_Nièpce
Nicéphore_Niépce
Nicéphore_Niépce
Nicephorus
Nicephorus,_patriarch_of_Constantinople
Nicephorus_Botaniates
Nicephorus_Bryennius
Nicephorus_Callistus_Xanthopoulos
Nicephorus_Gregoras
Nicephorus_I
Nicephorus_II
Nicephorus_III
Nicephorus_III_Botaneiates
Nicephorus_II_Phocas
Nicephorus_I_of_Constantinople
Nicephorus_Phocas
NicePlayer
Nicestpersononearth
Nicetas
Nicetas_Acominatus
Nicetas_Choniates
Nicetas_of_Remesiana
Niceto_Alcala-Zamora
Niceto_Alcalá-Zamora
Niceto_Alcala_Zamora
Niceto_Alcalá_Zamora
Niceto_Alcalá_Zamora
Niceto_Alcala_Zamora_y_Torres
Niceville
Niceville,_FL
Niceville,_Florida
Nice_&_Smooth
Nice_(biscuit)
Nice_(disambiguation)
Nice_(Unix)
Nice_and_Smooth
Nice_cup_of_tea_and_a_sit_down
Nice_cup_of_tea_and_a_sit_down
Nice_Dream
Nice_Dreams_Music
Nice_Enough_To_Eat
Nice_guy
Nice_guy_syndrome
Nice_guy_syndrome
Nice_guy_syndrome/Delete
Nice_infobox
Nice_infobox
Nice_Language
Nice_neighborhood
Nice_Observatory
Nice_programming_language
NICE_Systems
Nice_Time
Nice_Time_(Alain_Tanner)
Nice_To_Be_Around
Nice_Treaty
Nice_treaty
Nice_Work
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