New Brunswick

:''This article is about the Canadian province; for the city in New Jersey, see New Brunswick, New Jersey.'' New Brunswick (French language: ''Nouveau-Brunswick'') is one of Canada Provinces and territories of Canada, and the only officially bilingual province (French and English). Its capital is Fredericton. Its population is slowly growing, and now exceeds 750,000 (''New Brunswickers''). ==Geography== New Brunswick is a Maritimes, on the country's east coast. It is bounded on the north by Quebec's Gasp� Peninsula and Chaleur Bay and on the east by the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and Northumberland Strait. To the south, the narrow Isthmus of Chignecto connects it to peninsular Nova Scotia, most of which is separated from the mainland by the Bay of Fundy; on its west, the province borders the United States U.S. state of Maine. The boundary with the U.S. was settled during the Aroostook War largely through the efforts of businessman and political activist John Baker (Baker Brook). The total land and water area of the province is approximately 70,000 square kilometres. About 80% of the province is forested, with the other 20% consisting of agricultural land and urban areas. New Brunswick lies entirely within the Appalachian Mountains range, a chain of ancient, eroded mountains which have created river valleys and low, gently rolling hills throughout large parts of the province. The eastern and central part of the province consists of the ''New Brunswick Lowland'', whereas the ''Caledonia Highlands'' and ''St. Croix Highlands'' extend along the Bay of Fundy coast, reaching elevations of 300 metres. The northwestern part of the province is comprised of the remote and more rugged ''Miramichi Highlands'', ''Chaleur Uplands'', and the ''Notre Dame Mountains'' with a maximum elevation at Mount Carleton of 820 metres. 10 Largest Municipalities by population {| border="1" cellpadding="2" !Municipality !2001 !1996 |- |Saint John, New Brunswick |69,661 |72,494 |- |Moncton, New Brunswick |61,046 |59,313 |- |Fredericton, New Brunswick |47,560 |46,507 |- |Miramichi, New Brunswick |18,508 |19,241 |- |Edmundston, New Brunswick |17,373 |17,876 |- |Riverview, New Brunswick |17,010 |16,684 |- |Dieppe, New Brunswick |14,951 |12,497 |- |Quispamsis, New Brunswick |13,757 |13,579 |- |Bathurst, New Brunswick |12,924 |13,815 |- |Rothesay, New Brunswick |11,505 |11,470 |} ==History== The aboriginal nations of New Brunswick include the Mi'kmaq (Micmac), Maliseet and Passamaquoddy. The population is majority English-speaking but with a substantial (35%) French-speaking minority Acadians from Acadia, from the former name of this region during the French colonial period during which large numbers of colonists migrated from the Vienne area of France. New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual province in the country. The colony of New Brunswick was created in 1784, when recently-arrived Loyalist (American Revolution) refugees from the United States, who resented being governed from distant Halifax, Nova Scotia, petitioned the British Government to allow them to form a separate province out of Sunbury County, Nova Scotia which consisted of the portion of Nova Scotia west of the Isthmus of Chignecto and north of the Bay of Fundy.[http://webhome.idirect.com/~cpwalsh/nb/birth.htm] New Brunswick was named in honour of the British monarch, George III of the United Kingdom, who was descended from the House of Hanover. Fredericton, New Brunswick, the capital city, was likewise named for George III's second son, Prince Frederick, Duke of York. New Brunswick was one of the four originally provinces of Canada formed with Confederation in 1867. ==Cities== New Brunswick has eight officially incorporated cities, listed here in descending order by population: *Saint John, New Brunswick *Moncton, New Brunswick *Fredericton, New Brunswick *Miramichi, New Brunswick *Edmundston, New Brunswick *Dieppe, New Brunswick *Bathurst, New Brunswick *Campbellton, New Brunswick See also a List of communities in New Brunswick. Saint John, New Brunswick is a port city, with heavy industry in the form of pulp and paper, oil refineries, and drydocks, all owned by the family of the late K.C. Irving. The Irving family also controls much of the province's economy and 3 out of 4 of its daily English language newspapers. Saint John, New Brunswick is conventionally written out in full, to distinguish it from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador (Harbour), the capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, with which it is commonly confused by those outside of the Atlantic Provinces. Moncton is the second largest city in New Brunswick and also the fastest growing. It is principally a transportation, distribution, commercial and retail center. Moncton has a sizeable francophone Acadian minority (35%) and is considered by the Acadians to be their unofficial "capital". The majority of Moncton's recent growth is traced to economic policies which has led to depopulation in the northeastern area of the province. Fredericton, in addition to being the capital of the province, is a genteel university town, and home to the Max Aitken Art Gallery, Theatre New Brunswick, the New Brunswick Sports Hall of Fame, and other amenities, including Christ Church Cathedral, Fredericton, whose foundation is the oldest in Canada or the United States. Fredericton is nicknamed the "City of Stately Elms". It has boasted of the largest stand of elms outside of Central Park since Dutch Elm Disease devastated this species in the early twentieth century. ==Economy== The economy of New Brunswick is a modern service economy dominated by financial services, insurance and other services, but is best known for forestry, mining, mixed farming and fishing. The most valuable crop is potatoes, while the most valuable fish catches are lobster and scallops. The largest employers are the Kenneth Colin Irving group of companies, several large multinational forest companies, the Government of New Brunswick, and the McCain Foods Limited group of companies. ==Education== New Brunswick has a complete network of English and French public schools serving from kindergarten to high school; there are also several private secondary schools having secular and religious affiliations. The New Brunswick Community College system is province-wide with campuses in most major centres; the community college has both French and English campuses. There are also specialized training colleges not part of the NBCC system. As with the rest of the Maritimes, New Brunswick's universities were started by various Christian denominations, although most are now public and any remaining affiliation with founding churches is largely symbolic. The University of New Brunswick was founded as King's College in Fredericton, New Brunswick in 1785 with Anglican affiliation. Today a medium-sized public English comprehensive university with its principal campus in Fredericton and a satellite campus in Saint John, New Brunswick, it is the oldest public post-secondary education institution in North America. St. Thomas University (New Brunswick) was founded in Chatham, New Brunswick in 1910 with Catholic affiliation. Today a small public English undergraduate university located in Fredericton, the university's liberal arts program is complemented by professional programs in education and social work. Mount Allison University was founded in Sackville, New Brunswick in 1839 with Methodist affiliation. Today a small public English undergraduate university still located in Sackville, it has consistently topped the Maclean's magazine survey of Canadian universities in the undergraduate university category since the survey was begun. Mount Allison produces a Rhodes Scholarship about once every two years on the average, and was the first university in the British Empire to grant a Bachelor's degree to a woman. The Universit� de Moncton system was founded in 1963 and is comprised from founding Catholic colleges which were located in Memramcook, New Brunswick, Bathurst, New Brunswick and Edmundston, New Brunswick. Today a medium-sized public French comprehensive university with its principal campus in Moncton, New Brunswick and satellite campuses in Edmundston, New Brunswick and Shippagan, New Brunswick. Atlantic Baptist University and St. Stephen's University are small private Christian undergraduate universities offering Bachelor's degrees. Both were started in the mid-twentieth century as bible training schools and grew to become accredited Liberal Arts universities. They do not receive any public funding. ABU is located in Moncton and remains directly controlled by the United Baptist Convention of the Atlantic Provinces, whereas St. Stephen's is located in St. Stephen, New Brunswick and is ecumenical but directly controlled by its founding denominations. ==People== The Acadians are survivors of the Great Expulsion (1755) which drove several thousand French residents into exile in North America, the U.K. and France for refusing to take an oath of allegiance to George II of Great Britain during the French and Indian War. American Acadians, who wound up in Louisiana and other parts of the American South, are often referred to as Cajuns. Many of the English-Canadian population of New Brunswick are descended from United Empire Loyalists who fled the American Revolution. This is commemorated in the province's motto, ''Spem reduxit'' (hope was restored). There are also a significant number with Irish ancestry, especially in Saint John and the Miramichi Valley. People of Scottish descent are scattered throughout the Province with especial concentrations in the Miramichi and in Campbellton. A small number of Denmark origins may be found in New Denmark. First Nations in New Brunswick include the Mi'kmaq and Maliseet. See: List of people from New Brunswick ==Demographics== Racial Composition *96.4% White *2.3% Aboriginal *0.5% Black *0.8% all others Religious Profile *53.4% Roman Catholic *35.7% Protestant *1.4% other Christian *0.8% other religions *8.7% no-religion The Catholic Church is the largest denomination because of the large French and Irish populations. The three largest Protestant denominations in New Brunswick are: United Church of Canada and the Baptist and Anglican churches. ==Facts== *The provincial flower is the purple violet (plant). The provincial bird is the black-capped chickadee, in common with the US states of Maine and Massachusetts. *Entered Confederation - July 1, 1867 *Employment rate - 52.4% *Urban population - 48.8% *GDP per capita - $20,833 *Area - 28,150 Sq. Mi. *Agriculture - Dairy farming, Potatoes, oats, hay, clover, berries, and fruit *Industries - Mining: Zinc, Lead, Silver, Cadmium, Copper, Bismuth, Coal, Gold, Potash, Gypsum; Energy: Natural Gas, Oil Refining, Nuclear Power, Fossil Fuel, Hydro-Electricity; Forestry: Pulp and Paper, Lumber; Manufacturing: Frozen Food (agriculture and seafood), metalurgy; Services: Information Technology, Health, Education, Financial *Tourist Attractions - Fundy National Park, Kouchibouguac National Park, Fortress Saint John, Hopewell Rocks, Imperial Theatre, Magnetic Hill Zoo *Land Features - Mount Carlton - Highest point (2,680 ft.); Appalachian Mountains. *Water Features - Bay Of Fundy, Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Northumberland Strait, Chaleur Bay, St. John River, Miramichi River, Restigouche River == Map == == See also == *Canada *Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick *List of cities in Canada *List of New Brunswick premiers *List of New Brunswick lieutenant-governors *List of communities in New Brunswick *List of New Brunswick counties *List of Canadian provincial and territorial symbols *List of New Brunswick rivers *Music of New Brunswick == External Links == *[http://www.moncton.net/info/infoPage.aspx?id=314 Symbols of New Brunswick] New Brunswick Canadian provinces and territories Former British colonies gd:New Brunswick ka:ნიუ-ბრანსუიკი la:Novum Brunsvicum vi:New Brunswick

New Brunswick

Yes, there is a Canadian province by this name, but there is also a city in New Jersey called New Brunswick.... so.... refer to both! -- There is a New Brunswick, New Jersey article. I think the Canadian province is a lot more well known than the city. User:Kirjtc2 20:46 2 Jul 2003 (UTC) I added a disamb note to the bottom. - User:Montrealais 04:27, 12 Aug 2003 (UTC) --- Can somebody add an Official Languages section in the province table to the right? For NB, they should be English and Acadian French.--User:142.166.97.102 15:23, 31 Jul 2004 (UTC) I just did. (User:Alphaboi867 05:27, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)) The template should be changed back. It should list the offcial langauges and Premier should link to Premier of New Brunswick, same for lieutentant governor. (User:Alphaboi867 20:06, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC))

New Brunswick

New Brunswick is a province of Canada. Canadian provinces and territories

New brunswick

#REDIRECT New Brunswick

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