Malaysia

The Federation of Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. It consists of two geographical regions divided by the South China Sea: *West Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Malay Peninsula) shares a land border on the north with Thailand and is Johor#Links_to_Singapore on the south with the island of Singapore; *East Malaysia, the northern part of the island of Borneo, is bordered to the south by Indonesia and borders the Sultanate of Brunei on the east, south, and west. {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=250 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+ڤرسكوتوان مليسيا
Persekutuan Malaysia |- | style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan=2 | {| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" | align="center" width="140px" | | |- | align="center" width="140px" | (Flag of Malaysia) | align="center" | (Emblem of Malaysia) |} |- | align=center style="vertical-align: top;" colspan=2 | ''National motto: Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu
(Malay language: Unity Is Strength)'' |- | align=center colspan=2 style="background: #ffffff;" | |- | Official language | Malay language |- | Capital | Kuala Lumpur¹ |- | Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin |- | Prime Minister of Malaysia | Abdullah Ahmad Badawi |- | Area
- Total
- % water | List of countries by area
329,750 square kilometre
0.3% |- | Population
- Total
- Population density | List of countries by population
25,720,000 (Q3-2004)
78/km² |- | Independence
- Date | From the United Kingdom
August 31, 1957 |- | Gross Domestic Product (PPP)
- Total (2003)
- GDP/capita | List of countries by GDP (PPP)
$271.2 billion
$10,544 |- | Currency | Ringgit |- | Time zone | Coordinated Universal Time +8 |- | National anthem | Negaraku |- | National emblem | Bunga Raya: ''Hibiscus'', Rosa sinensis |- | Top-level domain | .my |- | List_of_country_calling_codes | 60 ² |- | colspan="2" | 1. The federal administration has moved to newly-built Putrajaya
2. 020 from Singapore |} == History == The Malay Peninsula developed as a major Southeast Asian commercial centre related to China. Ptolemy showed it on his early map with a label that translates as "''Golden Chersonese''", the Straits of Malacca as "''Sinus Sabaricus''". The earliest recorded Malay kingdoms grew from coastal city-ports established in the 10th century AD. These include Langkasuka and Lembah Bujang in Kedah, as well as Beruas and Gangga Negara in Perak and Pan Pan in Kelantan. It is thought that originally these were Hindu or Buddhist nations. Islam arrived in the 14th century in Terengganu. In the early part of the 15th century, the Sultanate of Malacca was established under a dynasty which was started by a prince (Parameswara) from Palembang who fled from the island Temasek (now known as Singapore). With Malacca as its capital, the sultanate controlled the areas which are now Peninsula Malaysia, southern Thailand (Patani), and the eastern coast of Sumatra. It existed for more than a century, and within that time period spread Islam to most of the Malay archipelago. Malacca was an important trading port. Portugal made Malacca a colony in 1511 by military conquest, thus ending the Sultanate of Malacca. The first ever Malacca sultan was Parameswara. However, the last Sultan fled to Kampar in Sumatra and died there. One of his sons went to northern peninsular Malaysia and established the Sultanate of Perak, and another son went to the south of the peninsula and made his capital there. This new kingdom was the continuation of the old Malacca sultanate but now known as the Sultanate of Johor, which still exists now. After the fall of Malacca, three nations struggled for the control of the Malacca Strait: the Portuguese (in Malacca), the Sultanate of Johor, and the Aceh; and the attacks only stopped in 1641, when the Netherlands (allied to the Sultanate of Johor) gained control of Malacca. The British took control of Malacca after the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 of 1824. The British crown colony of the Straits Settlements was established in 1826, and Britain gradually increased its control over the rest of the peninsula. The Straits Settlements consisted of the three ports of Singapore, Penang, and Malacca. Penang was established in 1786 by Captain Francis Light as a commercial outpost granted by the Sultan of Kedah. Malacca came into British hands after the Anglo-Dutch Treaty; and two years later the Straits Settlements were formed. These settlements were collectively ruled from the British East India Company seat of government in Calcutta until 1867 when their administration was transferred to the Colonial Office in London. It was also about this time that many Malay states decided to obtain British help in settling internal conflicts. Less than ten years after the transfer movement was completed, several west coast Malay States came under British influence. The role of the merchants of the Straits Settlements saw British government intervention in the affairs of the tin producing states in the Malay Peninsula. Coupled with Chinese Secret Society disturbances and civil war, British gunboat diplomacy was employed to bring about a peaceful resolution that favoured the merchants of the Straits Settlements. Finally, the Pangkor Treaty of 1874 paved the way for British expansion; and by the turn of the 20th century the states of Pahang, Selangor, Perak, and Negeri Sembilan, known together as the Federated Malay States (not to be confused with the Federation of Malaya), were under the rule of United Kingdom residents appointed to advise the rulers/Sultans. The other Peninsular states were known as the Unfederated Malay States and, while not directly under rule from London, had British advisors in the Sultans' courts. The four northern states of Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan, and Terengganu were previously under Thailand control. British North Borneo (currently the state of Sabah) was a British Crown Colony formerly under the rule of the Sultanate of Sulu, whilst the huge jungle territory of Sarawak was the personal fiefdom of the Brooke family. Following the Japan occupation during World War II, popular support for independence grew, coupled with a Malayan Emergency. Post-war British plans to form a "Malayan Union" were scuppered by strong Federation of Malaya opposition who wanted a more pro-Malay system, and demanding only single citizenship as opposed to the dual-citizenship option which would have allowed the significant immigrant communities to have claimed citizenship in both Malaya and their country of origin. Independence was achieved for the peninsula in August 31, 1957 under the name of the Federation of Malaya. Singapore's request to be part of this independent state was rejected by London at the time. A new federation under the name of Malaysia was formed on September 16, 1963 through a merging of the Federation of Malaya and the British crown colonies of Singapore, North Borneo (renamed Sabah), and Sarawak, the latter two colonies being on the island of Borneo. The Sultanate of Brunei, though initially expressing interest in joining the Federation, pulled out due to opposition from certain segments of the population as well as wrangling over the payment of oil royalties. The early years of independence were marred Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation over the formation of Malaysia, Singapore's eventual secession in 1965, and racial strife in the form of 1969 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Race Riots in 1969. The Philippines also made an active claim on Sabah in that period based upon the Sultanate of Brunei's cession of its north-east territories to the Sultanate of Sulu in 1704. The Philippine claim is still on-going. After the May 13 Incident of 1969, the controversial Malaysian New Economic Policy - intended to increase the share of the economic pie owned by locals as opposed to other ethnic groups - was launched by Prime Minister Tun Abdul Razak. Malaysia has since maintained a delicate ethno-political balance, and developed a unique rule combining economic growth and a political rule that favours ''bumiputras'' (a group including ethnic Malayans) and moderate Islam. Between the 1980s and the early 1990s, Malaysia experienced significant economic growth under Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, the 4th prime minister of Malaysia. The period saw a shift from an agriculture-based economy to one based on manufacturing and industry in areas such as computers and consumer electronics. In the late 1990s, Malaysia was shaken by the Asian financial crisis. Opposition to certain aspects of the existing system was put down by the government. The opposition runs the gamut from socialist and reformists to the party advocating the creation of an Islamic state. In 2003, Dr. Mahathir, Malaysia's longest serving prime minister, retired in favour of his deputy, Abdullah Badawi. The new government advocated a moderate view of an Islamic state defined by the term Islam Hadhari. == Politics == The federation of Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy elective monarchy monarchy. It is nominally headed by the Paramount Ruler or ''Yang di-Pertuan Agong'', commonly referred to as the king. Kings are selected for five-year terms from among the nine Malay Rulers of the Malay states; the other four states, which have titular Governors, do not participate in the selection. The system of government in Malaysia is closely modelled on that of Westminster System, a legacy of British Empire. In practice however, more power is vested in the executive branch of government than the in the legislative. The Malaysian general election must be held at least once every five years. The last general election was in march 2004 and the previous one was in 1999. The ruling party coalition is 'Barisan Nasional'. Executive branch is vested in the cabinet led by the Prime Minister of Malaysia; the Malaysian Constitution of Malaysia stipulates that the prime minister must be a member of the lower house of Parliament of Malaysia who, in the opinion of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commands a majority in parliament. The cabinet is chosen from among members of both houses of parliament and is responsible to that body. The bicameral parliament consists of the upper house (''Dewan Negara'', literally "National Hall") and the lower house (''Dewan Rakyat'', literally "People's Hall"). All 69 Senators sit for 6-year terms; 26 are elected by the 13 state assemblies, and 43 are appointed by the king. The 219 members of the House of Representatives are elected from single-member districts by universal adult suffrage, for a maximum term of 5 years. Legislative power is divided between federal and state legislatures. The state governments are led by chief ministers (''Menteri Besar'') selected by the state assemblies (''Dewan Undangan Negeri'') advising their respective sultans or governors. See also: Courts of Malaysia * List of political parties in Malaysia ==Migration Policy== " Malaysia has 10 to 20 percent foreign workers, with the uncertainty due in part to the large number of illegal workers; there are a million legal foreign workers and perhaps another million unauthorized foreigners. Unauthorized foreigners are subject to RM10,000 ($2,600) fines and two-year prison terms, while Malaysian employers face up to a year in jail and a fine of up to RM50,000 for each illegal worker hired, with those hiring more than five also liable to caning. Caning is a standard punishment for more than 40 crimes in Malaysia, ranging from sexual abuse to drug use. Administered with a thick rattan stick, it splits the skin and leaves scars. Some 380,000 unauthorized foreigners left during an "amnesty" that began in Fall 2004 and was extended several times. During amnesties, unauthorized foreigners can leave without paying fines for being illegally in the country. On March 1, 2005, some 300,000 policemen as well as the 560,000-strong Peoples Volunteer Corp began searching for the remaining unauthorized foreigners under Operation Tegas; the volunteers receive RM100 for each foreigner arrested." Source: [http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/index.php Migration News, April April 2005 Volume 12] Number 2 == States == Malaysia is divided into two political divisions: states (''negeri'') and Wilayah Persekutuan (''wilayah persekutuan'') that collectively has the status of a state. Eleven states and two federal territories are in Peninsular Malaysia. Two states and one federal territory are in East Malaysia. The states are: Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, and Terengganu. The federal territories are: Kuala Lumpur (the capital city; generally abbreviated to KL in speech by most Malaysians), Putrajaya (the administrative capital) and Labuan (off the coast of Sabah). == Geography == The two distinct parts of Malaysia, separated from each other by the South China Sea, share a largely similar landscape in that both West Malaysia and East Malaysia feature coastal plains rising to often densely forested hills and mountains, the highest of which is Mount Kinabalu at 4,101 m on the island of Borneo. The local climate is equatorial and characterised by the annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons. Tanjung Piai, located in the southern state of Johor, is the southernmost tip of continental Asia — if Singapore, an island connected to the continent by a man-made causeway, is excluded. The Straits of Malacca, lying between Sumatra and West Malaysia, is arguably the most important shipping lane in the world. Putrajaya is the newly created administrative capital for the federal government of Malaysia, aimed in part to ease growing congestion within Malaysia's capital city, Kuala Lumpur. The prime minister's office moved in 1999 and the move is expected to be completed in 2005. Kuala Lumpur remains the seat of parliament, as well as the commercial and financial capital of the country. Other major cities include George Town, Penang, Ipoh and Johor Bahru. See also List of cities in Malaysia. == Economy == Malaysia, an upper-middle income country, transformed itself from 1971 through the late 1990s from a producer of raw materials into an emerging multi-sector economy via the controversial Malaysian New Economic Policy (NEP). Growth is almost exclusively driven by exports - particularly of electronics - and, as a result, Malaysia was hard hit by the global economic downturn and the slump in the information technology (IT) sector in 2001. Gross Domestic Product in 2001 grew only 0.3% due to an estimated 11% contraction in exports, but a substantial fiscal stimulus package has mitigated the worst of the recession. In 2002, the economy recovered from the downturn in the previous years, by expanding 4.1%. In 2003 it further accelerated with a growth of 5.3% and in 2004 Malaysia's economy grew at 7%(est). Exports will increase by 21% to 127.0 Mio. US-$, Imports by 27% to 106.2 Mio. US-$. Kuala Lumpur's stable macroeconomic environment, in which both inflation and unemployment stand at 3% or less, coupled with its healthy foreign exchange reserves (70 billion, 2005 est) and relatively small external debt(50 billion, 2004 est), make it unlikely that Malaysia will experience a crisis similar to the Asian financial crisis of 1997, but its long-term prospects are somewhat clouded by the lack of reforms in the corporate sector, particularly those dealing with competitiveness and high corporate debt. The major stock exchanges are Bursa Malaysia and MESDAQ. * List of Malaysian companies == Communications == Malaysia has extensive railroads that connects all major cities and town on the peninsular and east Malaysia itself. The North-South Highway basically span from the northern tip of Bukit Kayu Hitam and Johor Baru in the south, which also connects roads into Thailand and Singapore. There are sea ports in Tanjong Kidurong, Kota Kinabalu, Kuching, Pasir Gudang, Penang, Port Kelang, Sandakan and Tawau. There are also world class airports that provide international and domestic destinations. The intercity telecommunication service provided on Peninsular Malaysia mainly by using microwave radio relay. International telecommunications are provided through submarine cables and satelite. In December 2004, Energy, Water and Communications Minister Lim Keng Yaik reported that only 0.85 per cent or 218,004 people in Malaysia used broadband services. This represented an increase from 0.45% in three quarters. He also stated that the government targeted usage of 5% by 2006 and doubling to 10% by 2008. Lim Keng Yaik had urged local telecommunication companies and service provider to open up the last mile and also lowering the prices to benefit the users. * List of Malaysian television stations * List of radio stations in Malaysia * List of Malaysian newspapers == Natural resources == Malaysia was once the world's largest producer of tin until the collapse of the tin market in the early 1980s. Rubber, once the mainstay of the Malaysian economy, has been largely replaced by oil palm as Malaysia's leading agricultural export. Small quantities of gold are produced. === Oil and gas === In 2004, Minister in the Prime Minister's Department, Datuk Mustapa Mohamed, revealed that Malaysia's oil reserves stood at 4.84 billion barrels while natural gas reserves increased to 89 trillion cubic feet (2,500 km³). This was an increase of 7.2 percent. The government predicts that at current production rates Malaysia will be able to produce oil for 18 years and gas for 35 years. In 2004 Malaysia is ranked 24th in terms of world oil reserves and 13th for gas. 56% of the oil reserves exist in the Peninsula while 19% exist in East Malaysia. The government collects oil royalties of which 5% are passed to the states and the rest retained by the federal government. == Demographics == Malaysia's population is comprised of many ethnic groups, with the politically dominant Malay peoples making up the majority. By constitutional definition, all Malays are Islam. About a quarter of the population are overseas Chinese, who have historically played an important role in trade and business. Malaysians of Indian descent comprise about 7% of the population and include Hinduism, Muslims, Sikhism, Christianity, and Buddhism. About 85% of the Indian community is Tamil people but various other groups are represented, including Keralas, Punjab and Telugu. Non-Malay indigenous groups make up more than half of the state of Sarawak's population, constitute about 66% of Sabah's population, and also exist in much smaller numbers on the Peninsula, where they are collectively called Orang Asli. The non-Malay indigenous population is divided into dozens of ethnic groups, but they share some general cultural similarities. Until the 20th century, most practiced animism, but many have converted to Islam or Christianity. Other Malaysians also include those of, inter alia, European, Middle Eastern, Cambodian, and Vietnamese descent. Europeans and Eurasians include British who colonized and settled in Malaysia and some Portugal, and most of the Middle Easterners are Arabs. A small number of Kampucheans and Vietnamese settled in Malaysia as Vietnam War refugees. Population distribution is uneven, with some 20 million residents concentrated on the Malay Peninsula. May 13, 1969 saw an incident of civil unrest which was then thought to be largely due to the socio-economic imbalance of the country along racial lines. This incident led to the adoption of the Malaysian New Economic Policy as a two-pronged approach to address racial and economic inequality and to eradicate poverty in the country. * Islam in Malaysia * Christianity in Malaysia * Buddhism in Malaysia * Hinduism in Malaysia == Education == Malaysian children begin schooling from the age of 4 to 5 in kindergarten. Primary one begins at the age of 7. There is a primary education leaving exam where all primary Six students take to qualify for entry into secondary schools. Secondary education normally lasts five years. Students wishing to enter university have to complete 2 more years of secondary schooling before they may apply for entry into local universities. Students can opt to go to private colleges after secondary studies. Most colleges have education links with overseas universities especially in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia. Malaysian students abroad study mostly in the United Kingdom, United States, Australia, Singapore and Canada. * List of schools in Malaysia * List of universities in Malaysia == Culture == Malaysia is a multiracial society, consisting of 65% Malays, 20% Chinese, 10% Indians and 5% of other races. The Malays, which form the largest community, are mainly Muslims. The Malays play a dominant role politically and are known as bumiputera. Their native language is Malay language (Bahasa Melayu), which is also the national language of the country. The Chinese comprise of about a quarter of the population. They are mostly Buddhists (of Mahayana sect), Taoists or Christianity, and speak a variety of Chinese dialects including Hokkien/Fukien, Cantonese language, Hakka and Teochew , and have been historically dominant in the business community. The Indians account for about 10% of the population. They are mainly Hindu Tamil people from southern India, speaking Tamil language, Telugu, Malayalam, and Hindi, living mainly in the larger towns on the west coast of the peninsula. There is also a sizeable Sikh community. Eurasians, Cambodians, Vietnamese, and indigenous tribes make up the remaining population. A small number of Eurasians, of mixed Portuguese and Malay descent, speak a Portuguese creole, called Papia Kristang. There are also Eurasians of mixed Malay and Spanish descent, mostly in Sabah. Descended from immigrants from the Philippines, some speak Chavacano, the only Spanish creole in Asia. Cambodians and Vietnamese are mostly Buddhists (Cambodians of Theravada sect and Vietnamese, Mahayana sect). The largest indigenous tribe in terms of numbers is the Iban of Sarawak, who number over 600,000. The Iban who still live in traditional jungle villages live in longhouse along the Rajang and Lupar rivers and their tributaries. The Bidayuh (170,000) are concentrated in the south-western part of Sarawak. The largest indigenous tribe in Sabah is the Kadazan. They are largely Christian subsistence farmers. The Orang Asli (140,000), or aboriginal peoples, comprise a number of different ethnic communities live in Peninsular Malaysia. Traditionally nomadic hunter-gatherers and agriculturists, many have been sedentarised and partially absorbed into modern Malaysia. However, they remain the poorest group in the country. Malaysian traditional music is heavily influenced by Chinese and Islamic forms. The music is based largely around the gendang (drum), but includes percussion instruments (some made of shells); the rebab, a bowed string instrument; the serunai, a double-reed oboe-like instrument; flutes; and trumpets. The country has a strong tradition of dance and dance dramas, some of Thai, Indian and Portuguese origin. Other artistic forms include wayang kulit (shadow-puppets), silat (a stylised martial art) and crafts such as batik, weaving, and silver and brasswork. *Music of Malaysia *Cuisine of Malaysia *Holidays in Malaysia == Miscellaneous topics == * Foreign relations of Malaysia * Transportation in Malaysia * Military of Malaysia * List of Malaysian people * List of hospitals in Malaysia == External links == * * [http://mawar.www.gov.my/MYGOV/BI/Directory/Citizen/ myGovernment Portal] - Malaysian Government Portal * [http://www.tourism.gov.my/ Official Tourism Malaysia] - Malaysian Tourism Portal * [http://www.statistics.gov.my Department of Statistics Malaysia] * [http://www.virtualmalaysia.com/our_malaysia/ Malaysia Fast Fact] * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/my.html CIA World Factbook entry on Malaysia] * [http://www.huaren.org/diaspora/asia/malaysia/racehis.html A History of Race Relations in Malaysia] * [http://my-malaysia.info My-Malaysia.Info] Articles, Bi-Monthly Contests etc. * [http://www.virtualmalaysia.com Malaysia Destination Guide] - Guide to Most Popular Malaysia Destination *[http://www.pjnet.com.my/ PJNet] - Guide to Malaysia's popular township. Malaysia Monarchies Southeast Asian countries ASEAN member states als:Malaysia gd:Malaysia hi:मलेशिया ks:मलयेशिया ms:Malaysia zh-min-nan:M�-l�i-se-a nds:Malaysia ta:மலேசியா th:ประเทศมาเลเซีย

Malaysia

''An event mentioned in this article is an Template:August 31 selected anniversaries''. Malaysian Wikipedians can be found Wikipedia:Wikipedians/Malaysia. == Arabs in Malaysia == In the Demographics section, "most Middle Easterners are mostly Arabs who first brought Islam to Malaysia" is a controversial statement (as well as containing too many "most"s). Many people believe it was the Chinese who first brought Islam to Kuala Berang, a century or so before Islam was brought to Malacca. Nor, as far as I know, is it clear that Arabs brought Islam to Malacca; I've always read that it was brought there primarily by Indian and Persian traders. I have therefore edited out "who first brought Islam to Malaysia" (and gotten rid of the redundancy) from the above phrase. Anyone who can point to clear evidence connecting the Kuala Berang stone (sorry its name slips my mind) with Arabs can reinsert this text. Michael Well, the KBSM approved history books provide three theories without stating preference: Arab influence, Chinese influence and Indian influence. So I guess it WOULD be presumptious to put the "middle easterners" statement in. == Putrajaya == (I don't really agree with this fact. Putrajaya is only an administrative centre for Malaysia and not its new capital. The capital of Malaysia is still Kuala Lumpur. I will try to find the most authorative fact for this) - sharuzzaman@excite.com :Thanks for making corrections! While you're here, though, you might want to take a quick look through Welcome, newcomers, be bold in updating pages, and talk page. In general, the custom is to put comments like the above in the Talk page rather than directly in the article; but of course you're certainly welcome to correct the information directly there! user:Brion VIBBER == Country Template == The Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countries is a useful resource to peruse. -- User:Sabre23t 14:25, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC) == Malacca vs Melaka and Penang vs Pulau Pinang == Ref the recent [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Malaysia&diff=0&oldid=5207062 161.142.10.27 edit] on Malaysia#States. Further discussion on it is over at Talk:States_of_Malaysia#Malacca_vs_Melaka_and_Penang_vs_Pulau_Pinang. Meanwhile, I had made sure #redirect are in place so the actual state articles are reachable. -- User:Sabre23t 09:32, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC) == Peninsular Malaysia aka West Malaysia == "Peninsular Malaysia ON/OR the Malay Peninsula is bordered to the" I thought P. Malaysia is another name for the Malay Peninsula. Nothing north is Malay (actually anything kedah and north is thailand except for treaty with the british...anyway thats history). How? --User:Malbear 06:57, 3 Sep 2004 (UTC) :Peninsular Malaysia (aka West Malaysia) is wholly within Malaysia. :Malay Peninsula consist of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, southern Thailand and southern Myanmar. :-- User:Sabre23t 08:02, 11 Sep 2004 (UTC) :Not to beat on a dead horse but a few Thai states above Kedah are Malay. Pattani, Songkhla, Yala and Narathiwat are Malay states. They even speak Malay. More info is available in Thailand. User:Earth 02:11, Sep 28, 2004 (UTC) == Coat of Arms == The coat of arms depicted is outdated. It should be changed to the current one. :User:TheSeez, do you have a better image than that :Image:Malaysia_Coat_of_Arms_small.jpg? Anyway, I've updated the article with that, for now. -- User:Sabre23t 08:31, 11 Sep 2004 (UTC) The link should point to Emblem of Malaysia, not Coat of arms of Malaysia. Most of other pages about countries use the phrase Emblem of . Please do not change. We need to be consistent. User:Earth 08:25, Sep 18, 2004 (UTC) : Sorry to interfere, for joining the Wikipedia for less than a weeek, I think still to be considered as a newbie. Regarding the ''Emblem'', the ''In Details'' wasn't there before therefore, I thought of adding this Coat of arms of Malaysia (content shifted from :Image:Malaysia_Coat_of_Arms_-_flat.png) to make it complete not knowing that that the Emblem of Malaysia exist. As a new comer, not knowing the appropriate ways for editing, I always take references from other pages, for this case, pages of otner country profiles and List of national coats of arms. I really don't know why it is to say that "We need to be consistent", as most (from my point of view) of the country profiles use the phrase Coat of arms insted of Emblem, few uses Seal. At least all of the ASEAN countries use the earlier (some don't have the ''In Detail''); most of the Commonwealth of Nations except Cameroon, India and Pakistan, use the ealier too. Correct me if I'm wrong. Like I said, I'm still learning. Thanks. --User:Garlics82 08:52, Sep 18, 2004 (UTC) ==History== I see User:wilz has concerns with Malaysia#History section ... :''Removed reference to Badawi releasing Anwar. The court released Anwar, not the prime minister. This history segment needs to be rewritten - it contains WAY too much bias against Mahathir.'' I think that section certainly need some work, 9 paragraphs for an overview to a main article at History of Malaysia. I guess most of that section can be reworked down to say 3 paragraphs covering overall Malaysian History, and some stuff can be moved to the main article History of Malaysia. In this particular case, you can safely just WP:BB as per Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines, I think. ;-) -- User:Sabre23t 05:34, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC) :Anyone care to refactor Malaysia#History into History of Malaysia? All of the former should be in the latter main article. So the former is just a summary of the latter. -- User:Sabre23t 22:45, 27 Sep 2004 (UTC) ::I would love to do that but I won't be able to it until the weekends. But I trust it would be fairly easy to do that without much complication. So, almost anybody can do it. If nobody does it by the weekends, I'll do it.User:Earth 02:07, Sep 28, 2004 (UTC) :::Sorry, can't find the goddamn time. User:Earth 01:42, Oct 4, 2004 (UTC) ::::I guess with the current edit war, I'll wait for the water to calm down User:Earth 00:56, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC) :::::I've now moved almost all "new history" into History of Malaysia, and swapped in its old paragraph. This is quite crude and further copyediting is needed & welcome. Vincent Tan has also been given a life of his own. User:Jpatokal 14:59, 20 Oct 2004 (UTC) I think the article is biased and thus, I added Stigliz's admiration of Malaysia to give a sense that not all were against what Malaysia did during the financial crisis. User:Earth 20:43, Sep 27, 2004 (UTC) removed "as a result of Prime Minister Mahathir's policies"
We could put "in spite of Prime Minister Mahathir's policies", both would be equally unprovable so let's keep the opinion out of the article.--User:Malbear 17:27, 26 Sep 2004 (UTC) Removed ''It has also been said that Malaysia, with a fixed peg against the US dollar is disadvantaged in competing with countries such as India or Thailand who have greater flexibility in currency management and hence can offer goods at cheaper prices.'' I removed it because a flexible exchange rate doesn't mean the ability to sell product at a cheaper price. If a currency (such as China's for instance in the real world), is being set weaker than all countries, such country will still be able to sell things cheaper than any country with flexible exchange rate regime. See economics topic on exchange rate related models for details. User:Earth 03:44, Oct 20, 2004 (UTC) : Untrue. Fundamentally when a governmnt devalues its currency it makes good cheaper and industries more competitive. Example, 1 Ringgit is worth 1 UD dollar. Malaysia produces bananas. 1 Thai Baht is worth 1 US dollar, they also sell bananas. Let's assume both countries sell bananas to the US (yes an over simplification but not by much). If the Malaysian governemnt were to devalue the currency to 2 RM to 1 USD, then Malaysian bananas would be worth 0.5 USD. Therefore buyers in the US would, assuming the item is price sensitive, buy more Malaysian bananas than thai bananas. Fundamentally devaluing a currency is a good way to sell cheap goods. : Deliberately pricing downwards usually leads to dumping tariffs being slapped on your products especially by the US since the local industries/unions/politicians etc. start thumping their chests whenever there is import related issues. This is ESPECIALLY relevant for Malaysia since I believe trade is running at 4 times GDP. We don't use much of what we produce, we export it. --User:Malbear 08:26, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC) :: Basically, what you are saying on devaluation of the exchange rate is true but I am not contesting that. All I'm saying is that pegging is not devaluing. They are two different but related concept in macroeconomics. Please refer to the Mundell-Fleming model for clarification on implications of the two concepts. ::China is a perfect example of a competitive currency with fixed exchange rate regime. And thus, saying Ringgit is being uncompetitive because of pegging is untrue. Ringgit is uncompetitive only if it is more expensive compared to other currencies. Furthermore, with the US Dollar weakening against other major currencies, Malaysian Ringgit has automatically become more competitive. ::Again, flexibility is not source of competitiveness. The level of the rate itself is the source of competitiveness.User:Earth 19:42, Oct 26, 2004 (UTC) == NPOV notice == Last night, I NPOVed a lot of bias in the article, such as the overt anti-Malaysian New Economic Policy rants, as well as the use of several biased phrases and wording. Today, I see that the POV is back. I'm tired of all this. Obviously, those who don't agree with the opposition's ranting about how evil the government is are disenfranchised on Wikipedia; now, four major articles on Malaysian politics have the NPOV notice on them: Malaysia, Anwar Ibrahim, Bumiputra and Malaysian New Economic Policy. All of them are focused solely on presenting the opposition's viewpoint; while I agree that the NEP's benefits are damn racist, declaring it to be the same as Apartheid (however true that may be) is outright bias. Obviously this tide of anti-government-ism is not going to be stemmed any time soon, so I give up on these articles. POV them all you like. User:Johnleemk | User talk:Johnleemk 08:28, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) : So calling a spade a spade is now POV? Ok give me the bleeding heart PC word for apartheid and I will gladly use it. Every phrase used has a certain connotation and yes apartheid connotates that a ruling power has used their ruling advantage to their own advantage. Can you think of another term for this or shall we keep it out simply because you happen to be uncomfortable that this term is used?--User:Malbear 10:45, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) :: Well hey, why don't you just call the bumiputras Nazis while you're at it? Until Malaysian Chinese are rounded up into bantustans, denied the right to vote and killed by death squads, don't try to elevate yourself to Nelson Mandela's status. Apartheid (have you read the article?) means a ''lot'' more than "a ruling power using their ruling advantage to their own advantage" (and I thought that was representative democracy...) User:Jpatokal 11:13, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) ::: Yes that's why we are trying to work out the right term. I submit that the term is not affirmative action since it would give the wrong tones. Basically the situation we have is this. In some African countries black people are trying to rob white farmers of their lands and term it "re-distribution". If I went to your bank account and took your money and then gave it to beggars outside the bank this is not affirmative action. AA is finding the person who "wronged" you and righting that wrong. For example in a race, a person deliberately hits your vehicle and perhaps the judges decide that this action cost you 3 minutes. AA is making the other driver give you back that three minutes by either setting your clock back three minutes or slowing him down three minutes. :::We have already proven that :::# It was not the chinese or indian that disadvantaged the malay. In fact the situation is clearly quite different if you look at the figures on ownership. :::# The malays have political power so its not so clear cut where discrimination starts and AA ends. :::#To just term it AA would be very very simplistic.--User:Malbear 11:43, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) ::::Wrong. In America, everyone not from certain races are disenfranchised in affirmative action. Our article on affirmative action itself notes that Chinese are not subject to affirmative action, and thus are treated like whites in university admissions. The Chinese have never employed Black slaves. You can see a short discussion of whether the discrimination in Malaysia is affirmave action on Talk:Affirmative action. User:Johnleemk | User talk:Johnleemk 15:01, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) :::::Well, if we are looking for the right term, why not just call the New Economic Policy the "New Economic Policy" ? --User:Mike40033 04:00, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC) I think if you will all take perhaps a little break and read all the way through the WP:NPOV article, it may help. I will watch this page a while and see if I can follow the conflict well enough to comment, but I would appreciate it if all parties could read the WP:NPOV all the way through first. User:Hawstom - User_talk:Hawstom 16:28, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) :The correct link is WP:NPOV [Thanks. User:Tom ]. I've read it before, and I noticed a quote that encapsulates basically what I'm trying to say whenever I ask for neutrality: :''Karada offered the following excellent advice in the context of the Saddam Hussein article: ::You won't even need to say he was evil. That's why the article on Hitler does not start with "Hitler was a bad man" -- we don't need to, his deeds convict him a thousand times over. We just list the facts of the Holocaust dispassionately, and the voices of the dead cry out afresh in a way that makes name-calling both pointless and unnecessary. Please do the same: list Saddam's crimes, cite your sources.'' :User:Johnleemk | User talk:Johnleemk 16:54, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) Thanks for reviewing WP:NPOV and for being previously familiar with it. I would ask Malbear to do the same. I expect that may take a while. So see you later. User:Hawstom - User_talk:Hawstom 17:05, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC) Does the NPOV warning on this page still apply? I just read it and it doesn't sound too bad anymore; can it be removed? User:QVanillaQ 23:57, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC) Sorry for intruding or offending the community, just happened to pass by and glance over; I notice that a lot of the sentences and style isn't quite encylopedic as it should be. For example, its overly assertive when it shouldn't. Firstly, I think as an encyclopedia, try to eliminate parantheses/brackets unless absolutely necessary - otherwise it seems unprofessional and too awkward. Brackets explaining a non-English term is excusable. A whole sentence within a bracket - well that should be avoided. Case in point: in the Geography section: "Tanjung Piai, located in the southern state of Johor, is the southernmost tip of continental Asia. (Singapore also claims this title, but it is debatable whether the man-made causeway connecting it to Johor makes it an extension of the continent.)" Highly awkward to read, especially it reads slightly off (especially being next to an image). Secondly, shouldn't we avoid generalisations whenever possible, or at least express an semi-opinion by stating "it can be said that...", for example. Another point, "Kuala Lumpur's stable macroeconomic environment, in which both inflation and unemployment stand at 3% or less, coupled with its healthy foreign exchange reserves and relatively small external debt" - its slightly too assertive, mostly by style, not content. Do you mind if I make it become "Many corporations and investors believe that Kuala Lumpur has a stable macroeconomic environment, among which includes inflation and unemployment under 3%", because I think it would sound better. Maybe its just English style, but compressing four different wide-ranging properties and only using one or two verbs sounds awkward and assertive. Also, "Malays, Chinese and Indians living side by side" - side by side is a bit of a generalisation, or rather, a metaphor, and not an encyclopedic definition, so shouldn't there be another word for that? These are just stylistic things I would like to point out, that when rewritten, sounds more professional. Sorry if I offend anyone by stating this, because I know very little about Malaysia and probably shouldn't have the audacity to post here. User:Natalinasmpf 00:16, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC) == Vandalism == Is it possible to ban some of the vandals? User:Earth 04:36, Oct 8, 2004 (UTC) :I was discussing it on the IRC channel last night. The eventual conclusion was yes, they're pesky, but it's not really grounds for blocking yet. User:Johnleemk | User talk:Johnleemk 07:21, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC) ::No ground? :::''Mahathir Bin Mohamad is also a strong supporter for Osama Bin Laden and his al-Qaida terrorist network. Mahathir invited Osama Bin Laden to set up a shrimp farming operation in Kedah - a state where Mahathir was born - a shell front to money laundry for the al-Qaida terrorist organisation.'' ::If that doesn't sound like a ground, I don't know what does. I strongly think we have a strong case of banning though it seems that the vandal keep switching IP. Nevertheless, his submask is the same. User:Earth 01:01, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC) :::The technical definition of people like these is "POV warriors". While annoying, they aren't strictly vandals, so until we draft a policy for handling them, we cannot do more than warn them. I intended to block the guy, but other, more experienced admins, objected. This actually isn't vandalism — vandalism is blanking the article, or replacing the text with "Malaysia sucks" or other such inane chicaneries. This is actual content, and as such isn't covered by the vandalism rules. It sucks, but there's little we can do for now. User:Johnleemk | User talk:Johnleemk 06:46, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC) I think we should lock the page for awhile. I hope that will be enough to deter vandal. User:Earth 22:02, Oct 14, 2004 (UTC) ==Economy== ''Malaysia, a middle income country, transformed itself from 1971 through the late 1990s from a producer of raw materials into an emerging multi-sector economy via the Apartheid-like New Economic Policy (NEP), which also introduced a stronger bumiputra system.'' What does a bumiputra system means? I don't think that is relevant in the economy section. If it does mean anything, it should be in history. The economy section should explain the economy, not the social structure or anything alike. If nobody opposes, I'll delete this later. User:Earth 01:15, Oct 9, 2004 (UTC) : Removed. NEP is now called "controversial", so anybody interested can read that article for why. User:Jpatokal 04:33, 9 Oct 2004 (UTC) : I edited the mention of the NEP in the main article to give a clearer view of its objectives, as defined by the government. The initial "designed to enrich the Malays" line seems, to me, too biased. - chibikit :: the NEP was initially designed to increase the national percentage of local holdings to foreign holdings to a ratio of 30:40:30. 30% malay 40% others and 30% foreign. However, in IMPLEMENTATION, government help, funded by taxpayer monies was used only to increase the Malay portion and never the "others (meaning cina, indian dan lain lain). DESPITE, the "implementation" (not the "stated goal") of the NEP, the "dan lain lain" parts of the country managed to increase their share of the national pie. Ironically enough the Malaysa never did reach 30% even though all the help under the NEP went to them. Now kindly stop mucking around with the sentence. The NEP never intended to "take away" from any "rich" local race. It was intended to increase local holdings at the expense of foreign holdings (such as Sime Darby, Guthrie etc etc, go read a history book). Unfortunately the only people it gave anything to where the ones who failed, till today, to achieve the goals of the NEP. --User:Malbear 08:23, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC) :: Read your edit. It looks better now. Thanks - chibikit ==Gambling concessions== I don't know where the sordid story of Vincent Tan's gambling concessions belongs, but it sure doesn't belong in the main Malaysia article's History section, which is supposed to provide a nutshell summary with the bulk going into History of Malaysia. We now have two (2) paragraphs covering Malaysia up to 1867, and ten (10) covering the post-1997 era! So any suggestions on where to put this stuff is welcome. Vincent Tan? Gambling in Malaysia? User:Jpatokal 14:35, 19 Oct 2004 (UTC) :I think we should just throw off the gambling stuff. It is pretty much irrelevent when it concerns Malaysians history and yeah, Vincent Tan is cool if anyone wants to do the gambling concessions. User:Earth 01:17, Oct 20, 2004 (UTC) :: Actually is not the gambling concesion per se but rather that it was a decision overturned by the incoming regime. I do agree it should be summarized and a pointer should be made to where it is more relevant.--User:Malbear 08:28, 21 Oct 2004 (UTC) I think the page should place under "policy". One must take note that the majority Malaysia race , Malays, are practicing Islam. While Islam are against gambling, the topic is a good example of contradicting policy in play.User:sltan == Calling Code == Refer to ''Calling Code: 60 Also 020 from Singapore'' Note that 020 calling code from Singapore is NOT interchangeable with IDD code 60. 020 calling code works as to replace +60 (including international call prefix and IDD code 60 assigned by the International Telecommunication Union in standard E.164), in other words, one needs no dail the international call prefix (the '+' or '00' as applies to some countries) for the 020 calling code to call Malaysia in Singapore!!! Also note that there are 3 main Telco Operators in Singapore (namely SingTel, M1 and StarHub, though SingTel is considerably monopolizing in Fixed Line Telco Services) but the 020 calling code is exclusively operated by SingTel. In order to use the 020 calling code in M1 or StarHub's services, one needs to apply and register to SingTel for an 'account' to use the calling code from M1 or StarHub's services. : Hi 219.93.174.102. I've no objection if you remove "Also 020 from Singapore". --User:Sabre23t 22:06, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC) == External link == I don't think blogs and the so-called directories of malaysian sites are necessary. Only official or prominent site like news or govt site deserve to be included. Blogs are certainly out of the question. User:Earth 06:34, Nov 3, 2004 (UTC) Would demur on this. The criteria for including a link is relevance to the topic. Example if you are writing about "X" but "X" is already covered on a website outside then by all means point to it. An external link is for people to find out more. Not an appeal to authority. So if any blogger out there has good info which is comprehensive on Malaysia then he/she should be linked. IMHO, the local gov sites are next to useless (except for a few such as EPF/LHDN/CCM etc). Information on Malaysia is usually more complete and accurate of the CIA world factbook. As for the idea of "deserving"........--User:Malbear 17:19, 3 Nov 2004 (UTC) : Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not. External links should be used sparingly, and I argee with Earth that the main Malaysia page is not the place for random blogs. User:Jpatokal 10:51, 4 Nov 2004 (UTC) :: that's not what is in conflict. I am pushing for removal of ALL links which are there now since none of them actually fulfill any measure of "topicality". Yes they can be moved to other pages. :::What on earth are you talking about? You said blog is okay but then say you are pushing for removal of all links? User:Earth 21:14, Nov 4, 2004 (UTC) :::: No i am not saying a blog is ok. I am saying that non-topical links are not ok and not just limited to blogs. Largely as the situation stands now the links there are all non-topical or rather suited to oother sub topics.--User:Malbear 13:54, 8 Nov 2004 (UTC) :::::Faster, pussycat! KILL KILL KILL! Now there's three left, all hopefully reasonable topical. One government portal, one official tourism site, one Wiki tourism site. User:Jpatokal 17:05, 8 Nov 2004 (UTC) Wikipedia are mean to provide user the BEST information and stay CURRENT. I think excluding the blogger will limit the view. For example, this is a blogger that give a topical [http://www.sixthseal.com/] view of his life, in Malaysia. And centralise blogger directory such as [http://www.petalingstreet.org/ petalingstreet.org] will give you a glance of what Malaysian are interested. Official site will not tell what are the people interest in, and what is the "in" and what is out, etc so and so. But blogger site will give you those "no-so-official-but-lifely info". I suggest we start an wiki topic on "Malaysia blog" and put it under external link. User:Sltan 07 feb 2005 :No. If we start putting blogs, they will come back in swarm, adding more links from wikipedia to them. It happened before and I don't think some of us are willing to do it all over again. User:Earth 12:55, Feb 8, 2005 (UTC) == National Flower == I think we forgot about the National Flower, the hibiscus. (Bunga Raya) Can someone check it out and then add it on the space after the flag & coat of arms? Thanks - User:Mailer diablo 18:14, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC) == ASEAN and Southeast Asian templates == My suggestion is to move the SEA template to the geography articles of each country. It overlaps with the Southeast Asia template, the only reception would be with East Timor, but since they're related in a sense of geography, it should go there. Any other opinions on this? --User:Andylkl 18:50, 13 Nov 2004 (UTC) * Ermmm, I don't know why there are two templates, but in that case just retain both. Other countries, for example like the UK, has both the geographical Europe and European Union (EU) templates. But it's fine with me if you want to stick to your suggestion and retain ASEAN. - User:Mailer diablo 21:03, 13 Nov 2004 (UTC) ==Non-Muslims in Malaysia== If anyone thinks the title of the article Discrimination against non-Muslims in Malaysia is not neutral .. please go there and vote User:OneGuy 00:53, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC) ==Geographical thingie: concerning volcanoes and earthquakes== can someone with real knowledge in this field include some information under Geographics about how malaysia is free from earthquakes and volcanoes? : I'm no geologist but I can say Malaysia is relatively safe from earthquake because it is in the middle of a plate instead at the edge of it. User:Earth 16:38, Feb 15, 2005 (UTC) == Jawi == Jawi is not an official script of Malaysia, so what is the rationale behind using it in the infobox? User:Jpatokal 09:21, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC) * I know the Malay language is the official language but is the romanized script is the official script? User:Earth 10:27, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC) ==Titles of nobility== Could someone who is familiar with Malay culture and history look at this article: Thai royal and noble titles, and write a similar one for Malay titles such as Tun, Datuk, Dato Seri etc etc? User:Adam Carr 03:06, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC) *It's at Malay titles User:Earth 06:39, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC) Wonderful! Thank you. User:Adam Carr 08:13, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC) ==Race Porportion== An anonymous user just changed the race porportion to 65% Malay, 20% chinese, 10% indian and 5% "other". Any figures to back this up, or should we revert? User: Borisblue My Perspective: I was there in the late 90's and at that time the figures we were given by people in the government coincide roughly with the above numbers. I have been suprised to see other accounts, including Lonely Planet and the CIA world factbook quote Malays numbering only 50% and Chinese 30%. That would indicate to me that in the last 7-8 years the number of Malay's has decreased and the number of Chinese have increased substantially. It would also seem that the pupulation of Malaysia has grown a great deal since when I was there it was quoted as 18 million and now is reported to be 23 million. It would not be surprised if the Chinese population has grown disproportionately with Hong Kong reverted to Chinese control and fewer restrictions on Chinese emmigration. The economy of Malaysia continues to grow and the Chinese in Malaysia are among the most enterprising of its people in my experience. This is merely anecdotal and speculative information I offer. -M ==References== I think this can potentially be a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_a_featured_article Featured Article] but we need references, stuff like including the race porportion figures I mentioned above. Other than that, the malaysia article is well-written, uncontroversial and has lots of content. User: Borisblue

Malaysia

{| class="toccolours" style="margin: 0 2em 0 2em;" ! style="background:#ccccff" align="center" width="100%" | States of Malaysia and Wilayah Persekutuan of Malaysia || |- | colspan = "2" | {| | align="right" style="font-size: 90%; vertical-align: top;" | States: | align="left" style="font-size: 90%;" | Johor | Kedah | Kelantan | Malacca | Negeri Sembilan | Pahang | Perak | Perlis | Penang | Sabah | Sarawak | Selangor | Terengganu |- | align="right" style="font-size: 90%;" | Federal Territories: | align="left" style="font-size: 90%;" | Kuala Lumpur | Labuan | Putrajaya |} |}

Malaysia

#redirect Template:Malaysia

Malaysia

Southeast Asian countries Members of the Commonwealth of Nations en:분류:말레이시아 Category:Malaysia

Malaysia

==States of Malaysia== I've just edited the template to include States of Malaysia of Malaysia so that the States links to main article at States of Malaysia. -- User:Sabre23t 09:46, 21 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Malaysia

==Subcategories of Malaysia== Please make all subcategories to be accessible directly from the main :Category:Malaysia. So that from there you can get to actual articles with only two clicks. -- User:Sabre23t 15:23, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)

See other meanings of words starting from letter:

M

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