
The following is a partial list of adjectival forms of place names in English (language) and their demonymic equivalents, which denote the people or the inhabitants of the places. Note: Demonyms are given in plural forms. Singular forms simply remove the final 's' or, in the case of ''-ese'' endings, are the same as the plural forms. The ending ''-men'' has grammatical gender equivalent ''-women'' (e.g. ''an Irishman and a Scotswoman''). The French language terminations ''-ois'' / ''ais'' serve as both the singular and plural grammatical gender; adding 'e' (''-oise'' / ''aise'') makes them singular feminine; 'es' (''-oises'' / ''aises'') makes them plural feminine. Adjectives ending ''-ish'' can be used as collective demonyms (e.g. ''the English, the Cornish''). So can those ending in ''-ch'' / ''-tch'' (e.g. ''the French'', ''the Dutch'') provided they are pronounced with a 'ch' sound (e.g. the adjective ''Czech'' does not qualify). == Nations == (Currently extant nations)
== Cities ==
== New York City boroughs ==
== U.S. states ==
American convention states that the ''-an'' form is reserved for the demonym, not the adjective. The state name is used attributively as the adjective: ''Texas cattle'', ''California raisins'', ''Virginia tobacco''. This convention is not widely observed by foreigners.
== Canadian provinces and territories==
== Australian states ==
== Extinct nations & regions ==
Note: This chart includes: ancient civilizations, former colonies, dissolution countries, renaming countries, annexation countries and secession states, among others.
== Imaginary regions ==
== Miscellaneous regions ==
== Continents ==
== Planets ==
== Moons ==
Notes:
*(1) Burkina Faso was formerly known as Upper Volta.
*(2) Myanmar was formerly known as Burma (''Burmese'').
*(3) In nearly universal use, though many alternative words for American have been proposed.
*(4) In English, Quebecer is a general term for anyone from Quebec while Québécois(-e) refers specifically to French-Canadians from Quebec
*(5) There is no adjective or demonym explictly for the Republic of Ireland as distinct from the entire island of Ireland. If distinction from Northern Ireland is required, the colloquial ''Southern Irish'', ''Southerner'' are often used. Many in the Republic of Ireland dislike this, especially when used by non-Irish people. Alternatively one may use the name of the state attributively (e.g. ''a Republic of Ireland law''), or resort to an adjectival phrase (e.g. ''a law of the Republic of Ireland'').
==See also==
*List of people by nationality
*List of ethnic slurs
Lists of place names
What is the point of this article? Isn't that wikipedia is not a dictionary? If you want to know about adjective form of certain nouns, consult a dictionary not an encyclopedia. -- User:TakuyaMurata 02:24 12 Jun 2003 (UTC)~ :I think the "wikipedia is not a dictionary" rule is mostly there to keep it from being ''merely'' a dictionary. Yeah, this is stuff that would be in a dictionary, but probably not in list form. Some might find it kind of handy, in case I ever wonder "What's someone from Turkmenistan called?" And obviously, it's not just for nouns (that really would be pretty excessive) - just place names. -- User:Wapcaplet 02:29 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) ::If someone wants to move it to Wiktionary, I'd be fine with that. I would be interested in this once the basic and obvious ones are done, even if I'm not really trying to find the adjectival form of a specific place-name. If it had cities and other non-obvious ones, I think it would be an interesting list in its own right, which would make it more encyclopedic. User:TUF-KAT :::Where different, I added what call a person from these places. If someone knows what the guidelines are (i.e. most, though not all, that end in an ''a'' are formed by adding an ''n'' -- but is there a reason why Somalia and Argentina are different?) that could make this more encyclopedic? User:TUF-KAT ::::These could link to lists of famous people from each country, state and city. User:GUllman 03:39 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) :The article can be more encyclopedic and should be so without doubt. For example, the difference between Chinaman or Chinese can be interesting to note, or how should we call people from Hong Kong or Taiwan? Are they really Chinese, the same as those from China or Hong Kongnees or Taiwanees. In officla sports game, players from Taiwan are often referred as Chinese Taipei or something. Why is that? On the other hand, the adjective form of Japan is Japanese, which is so boring and completely worthless to note in encyclopedia. -- User:TakuyaMurata 03:18 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) :Chinaman is derogatory (a little bit -- not as bad as chink, but still forbidden in polite conversation) so probably shouldn't be here. Some people might say a person from Iraq is called a camel-fucker, but I don't think that should be here. User:TUF-KAT Censorship? I don't see any reason that we should avoid mentioning a term that is politically sensitive. -- User:TakuyaMurata 03:25 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) I'm just waiting to hear about the adjectival forms for Battle Mountain, Nevada... :-) User:Stan Shebs 03:26 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) :Wiktionary? -- User:TakuyaMurata How about naming the article like Labeling of place names or something? Naming, calling and others you think of are also good. We are more interested in the discussion like above (maybe except camel-fucker). I had no idea that Chinaman is rather provocative. It is true sometimes that there is some dispute about how to call places or people. For example, some people argue that far east is a misnomer because it implicitly imposes Europe-centric point views. -- User:TakuyaMurata A person from London is ''not'' called a cockney but a Londoner. Cockney is a slang term referring to someone from ''inner-city'' London, not the general London area. (If I remember correctly, a cockney is someone who was born within hearing distance of the bells of particular church in the inner city and no further.) User:Jtdirl 05:43 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) BTW is someone from Connecticut ''really'' called ''Nutmegger''? User:Jtdirl 05:47 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) ---- Someone from Afghanistan is an Afghan. Afghanistani is not used in the press, and is not in Oxford, Webster's, or the CIA world factbook. An afghani is a unit of currency. - User:Efghij 05:58 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) :But it is used in the Longman dictionary (2001).. that's why I thought that it was correct. I also searched @ google.com for "Afghanistani" and there were many pages, where "Afghanistani" is used. :Anyway, since the Oxford say that it's not Afghanistani, I can agree with you. :) :By the way, can you check what's the adjective from "Quebec"? Longman says it's Quebecois, not Quebec. User:Webkid 12:21 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) :: According to Oxford, "Quebecois" is the right adjective, but not the right noun. As a noun it refers only to French-Canadian or Francophone Quebecers. - User:Efghij 17:01 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) :: See Québécois. --User:Menchi 22:09 23 Jul 2003 (UTC) :: Added note about this. In English, the proper form is indeed "Quebec" as in, "a Quebec Doctor". See first paragraph of this Toronto Star article: [http://www.thestar.com/NASApp/cs/ContentServer?pagename=thestar/Layout/Article_Type1&c=Article&cid=1091743811799&call_pageid=968332188774&col=968350116467] - User:Basil Fawlty 00:00, 19 Aug 2004 (UTC) ---- This page is getting long now, and I think it's purely because of the tabular format. Can we simplify it? User:Deb 22:06 23 Jul 2003 (UTC) :Sure, if you want the former version, just copy+paste it. User:Webkid 14:21 24 Jul 2003 (UTC) I tried to simplify the structure by removing some of the optional elements, thus also reducing page-size. I'm not too sure about using style-formatting instead of the
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with List_of_adjectival_forms_of_place_names:
List_of_adjectival_forms_of_place_names
List_of_adjectival_forms_of_place_names
List of adjectival forms of place names
The following is a partial list of adjectival forms of place names in English (language) and their demonymic equivalents, which denote the people or the inhabitants of the places. Note: Demonyms are given in plural forms. Singular forms simply remove the final 's' or, in the case of ''-ese'' endings, are the same as the plural forms. The ending ''-men'' has grammatical gender equivalent ''-women'' (e.g. ''an Irishman and a Scotswoman''). The French language terminations ''-ois'' / ''ais'' serve as both the singular and plural grammatical gender; adding 'e' (''-oise'' / ''aise'') makes them singular feminine; 'es' (''-oises'' / ''aises'') makes them plural feminine. Adjectives ending ''-ish'' can be used as collective demonyms (e.g. ''the English, the Cornish''). So can those ending in ''-ch'' / ''-tch'' (e.g. ''the French'', ''the Dutch'') provided they are pronounced with a 'ch' sound (e.g. the adjective ''Czech'' does not qualify). == Nations == (Currently extant nations)
| Nation | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | Afghan | Afghans |
| Albania | Albanian | Albanians |
| Algeria | Algerian | Algerians |
| American Samoa | American Samoan | American Samoans |
| Andorra | Andorran | Andorrans |
| Angola | Angolan | Angolans |
| Anguilla | Anguillan | Anguillans |
| Antigua | Antiguan | Antiguans |
| Argentina | Argentinian or Argentine | Argentinians or Argentines |
| Armenia | Armenian | Armenians |
| Australia | Australian | Australians |
| Austria | Austrian | Austrians |
| Azerbaijan | Azerbaijani or Azeri | Azerbaijanis or Azeris |
| Bahamas | Bahamian | Bahamians |
| Bahrain | Bahraini | Bahrainis |
| Bangladesh | Bangladeshi | Bangladeshis |
| Barbados | Barbadian or Bajan (colloquial) | Barbadians or Bajans (colloquial) |
| Barbuda | Barbudan | Barbudans |
| Belarus | Belarusian | Belarusians |
| Belgium | Belgian | Belgians |
| Belize | Belizean | Belizeans |
| Benin | Beninese or Beninois | Beninese or Beninois |
| Bermuda | Bermudian | Bermudians |
| Bhutan | Bhutanese | Bhutanese |
| Bolivia | Bolivian | Bolivians |
| Bosnia | Bosnian, Herzegovinian | Bosnians, Herzegovinians |
| Botswana | Motswana (plural: Batswana) | Motswana (plural: Batswana) |
| Brazil | Brazilian | Brazilians |
| British Virgin Islands | British Virgin Islander | British Virgin Islanders |
| Brunei | Bruneian | Bruneians |
| Bulgaria | Bulgarian | Bulgarians |
| Burkina Faso''(1)'' | Burkinabe | Burkinabe |
| Burundi | Burundian | Burundians |
| Cambodia | Cambodian | Cambodians |
| Cameroon | Cameroonian | Cameroonians |
| Canada | Canadian | Canadians, Canucks (colloquial, sometimes offensive) |
| Cape Verde | Cape Verdean | Cape Verdeans |
| Cayman Islands | Caymanian | Caymanians |
| Central African Republic | Central African | Central Africans |
| Chad | Chadian | Chadians |
| Chile | Chilean | Chileans |
| China | Chinese | Chinese |
| Christmas Island | Christmas Island | Christmas Islanders |
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands | Cocos Islander | Cocos Islanders |
| Colombia | Colombian | Colombians |
| Comoros | Comorian | Comorians |
| Congo (Kinshasha & Brazzaville) | Congolese or Congo | Congolese |
| Cook Islands | Cook Islander | Cook Islanders |
| Costa Rica | Costa Rican | Costa Ricans |
| Côte d'Ivoire | Ivorian | Ivorians |
| Croatia | Croatian | Croatians or Croats |
| Cuba | Cuban | Cubans |
| Cyprus | Cypriot | Cypriots |
| Czech Republic | Czech | Czechs |
| Denmark | Danish | Danes |
| Dominica | Dominican | Dominicans |
| Dominican Republic | Dominican | Dominicans |
| East Timor | Timorese | Timorese |
| Ecuador | Ecuadorian | Ecuadorians |
| Egypt | Egyptian | Egyptians |
| El Salvador | Salvadoran or Salvadorian or Salvadorean | Salvadorans |
| England | English | Englishmen |
| Equatorial Guinea | Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean | Equatorial Guineans or Equatoguineans |
| Eritrea | Eritrean | Eritreans |
| Estonia | Estonian | Estonians |
| Ethiopia | Ethiopian | Ethiopians |
| Falkland Islands | Falkland Island | Falkland Islanders |
| Fiji | Fijian | Fijians |
| Finland | Finnish | Finns |
| France | French | Frenchman |
| French Guiana | French Guianese | French Guianese |
| French Polynesia | French Polynesian | French Polynesian |
| Gabon | Gabonese | Gabonese |
| Gambia | Gambian | Gambians |
| Georgia (country) | Georgian | Georgians |
| Germany | German | Germans |
| Ghana | Ghanaian | Ghanaians |
| Gibraltar | Gibraltar | Gibraltarians |
| Great Britain | British | Britons |
| Greece | Greek, Grecian (rare) | Greeks, Grecians (archaic) |
| Greenland | Greenlandic | Greenlanders |
| Grenada | Grenadian | Grenadians |
| Guadeloupe | Guadeloupe | Guadeloupians |
| Guam | Guamanian | Guamanians |
| Guatemala | Guatemalan | Guatemalans |
| Guernsey | Channel Islander | Channel Islanders |
| Guinea | Guinean | Guineans |
| Guinea-Bissau | Guinean | Guineans |
| Guyana | Guyanese | Guyanese |
| Haiti | Haitian | Haitians |
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong/Chinese | Hongkongers/Chinese |
| Honduras | Honduran | Hondurans |
| Hungary | Hungarian | Hungarians |
| Iceland | Icelandic | Icelanders |
| India | Indian | Indians |
| Indonesia | Indonesian | Indonesians |
| Iran | Iranian | Iranians |
| Iraq | Iraqi | Iraqis |
| Ireland | Irish | Irishmen |
| Isle of Man | Manx | Manxmen |
| Israel | Israeli | Israelis |
| Italy | Italian | Italians |
| Jamaica | Jamaican | Jamaicans |
| Japan | Japanese | Japanese |
| Jordan | Jordanian | Jordanians |
| Kazakhstan | Kazakhstani | Kazakhstanis |
| Kenya | Kenyan | Kenyans |
| Kiribati | I-Kiribati | I-Kiribati |
| North Korea | North Korean | North Koreans |
| South Korea | South Korean | South Koreans |
| Kuwait | Kuwaiti | Kuwaitis |
| Kyrgyzstan | Kyrgyzstani | Kyrgyzstanis |
| Laos | Laotian or Lao | Laotians or Laos |
| Latvia | Latvian | Latvians |
| Lebanon | Lebanese | Lebanese |
| Lesotho | Basotho | Mosotho (plural: Basotho) |
| Liberia | Liberian | Liberians |
| Libya | Libyan | Libyans |
| Liechtenstein | Liechtenstein | Liechtensteiners |
| Lithuania | Lithuanian | Lithuanians |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg | Luxembourgers |
| Macau | Macanese/Chinese | Macanese/Chinese |
| Macedonia | Macedonian | Macedonians |
| Madagascar | Malagasy | Malagasy |
| Malawi | Malawian | Malawians |
| Malaysia | Malaysian | Malaysians |
| Maldives | Maldivian | Maldivians |
| Mali | Malian | Malians |
| Malta | Maltese | Maltese |
| Marshall Islands | Marshallese | Marshallese |
| Martinique | Martiniquais | Martiniquais |
| Mauritania | Mauritanian | Mauritanians |
| Mauritius | Mauritian | Mauritians |
| Mayotte | Mahoran | Mahorais |
| Mexico | Mexican | Mexicans |
| Micronesia | Micronesian | Micronesians |
| Moldova | Moldovan | Moldovans |
| Monaco | Monegasque or Monacan | Monegasques or Monacans |
| Mongolia | Mongolian | Mongolians |
| Montserrat | Montserratian | Montserratians |
| Morocco | Moroccan | Moroccans |
| Mozambique | Mozambican | Mozambicans |
| Myanmar ''(2)'' | Myanmari | ??? |
| Namibia | Namibian | Namibians |
| Nepal | Nepali | Nepalese |
| Netherlands | Dutch | Dutchmen |
| Netherlands Antilles | Dutch Antillean | Dutch Antilleans |
| New Caledonia | New Caledonian | New Caledonians |
| New Zealand | New Zealand | New Zealanders or Kiwis (colloquial) |
| Nicaragua | Nicaraguan | Nicaraguans |
| Niger | Nigerien | Nigeriens |
| Nigeria | Nigerian | Nigerians |
| Norway | Norwegian | Norwegian |
| Oman | Omani | Omanis |
| Pakistan | Pakistani | Pakistanis |
| Panama | Panamanian | Panamanians |
| Papua New Guinea | Papua New Guinean or Papuan | Papua New Guineans or Papuans |
| Paraguay | Paraguayan | Paraguayans |
| Peru | Peruvian | Peruvians |
| Philippines | Philippine | Filipinos or Filipinas |
| Pitcairn Island | Pitcairn Islander | Pitcairn Islanders |
| Poland | Polish | Poles |
| Portugal | Portuguese | Portuguese |
| Puerto Rico | Puerto Rican | Puerto Ricans or Boricuas |
| Qatar | Qatari | Qataris |
| Réunion | Réunionese | Réunionese |
| Republic of Ireland (5) | Irish, Republic of Ireland, Southern Irish | Irishmen |
| Romania | Romanian | Romanians |
| Russia | Russian | Russians |
| Rwanda | Rwandan | Rwandans |
| Saint Helena | Saint Helenian | Saint Helenians |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Kittitian or Nevisian | Kittitians or Nevisians |
| Saint Lucia | Saint Lucian | Saint Lucians |
| Saint-Pierre and Miquelon | Saint-Pierrais or Miquelonnais | Saint-Pierrais or Miquelonnais |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Saint Vincentian or Vincentian | Saint Vincentians or Vincentians |
| Samoa | Samoan | Samoans |
| San Marino | Sammarinese | Sammarinese |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | São Toméan | São Toméans |
| Saudi Arabia | Saudi or Saudi Arabian | Saudis or Saudi Arabians |
| Scotland | Scottish or Scots | Scots, Scotsmen |
| Senegal | Senegalese | Senegalese |
| Serbia and Montenegro | Serbian or Montenegrin | Serbs or Montenegrins |
| Seychelles | Seychellois | Seychellois |
| Sierra Leone | Sierra Leonean | Sierra Leoneans |
| Singapore | Singapore | Singaporeans |
| Slovakia | Slovak | Slovaks |
| Slovenia | Slovenian | Slovenes |
| Solomon Islands | Solomon Islander | Solomon Islanders |
| Somalia | Somali | Somalis |
| South Africa | South African | South Africans |
| Spain | Spanish | Spaniards |
| Sri Lanka | Sri Lankan | Sri Lankans |
| Sudan | Sudanese | Sudanese |
| Surinam | Surinamese | Surinamers |
| Swaziland | Swazi | Swazis |
| Sweden | Swedish | Swedes |
| Switzerland | Swiss | Swiss |
| Syria | Syrian | Syrians |
| Taiwan | Taiwanese | Taiwanese |
| Tajikistan | Tajikistani | Tajikistanis |
| Tanzania | Tanzanian | Tanzanians |
| Thailand | Thai | Thai |
| Togo | Togolese | Togolese |
| Tonga | Tongan | Tongans |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Trinidadian or Tobagonian | Trinidadians or Tobagonians |
| Tunisia | Tunisian | Tunisians |
| Turkey | Turkish | Turks |
| Turkmenistan | Turkmen | Turkmens |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | none | none |
| Tuvalu | Tuvaluan | Tuvaluans |
| Uganda | Ugandan | Ugandans |
| Ukraine | Ukrainian | Ukrainians |
| United Arab Emirates | Emirati | Emiratis |
| United Kingdom | British | Britons |
| United States | American or Union ''(3)'' | Americans or Unionists; Yankees or Yankees (colloquial) |
| Uruguay | Uruguayan | Uruguayans |
| Uzbekistan | Uzbekistani | Uzbekistanis |
| Vanuatu | Ni-Vanuatu | Ni-Vanuatu |
| Venezuela | Venezuelan | Venezuelans |
| Vietnam | Vietnamese | Vietnamese |
| Virgin Islands | Virgin Islander | Virgin Islanders |
| Wales | Welsh | Welshman, Welsh (collective), Leek Eaters (offensive) |
| Wallis and Futuna | Wallisian, Futunan, or Wallis and Futuna Islander | Wallisians, Futunans, or Wallis and Futuna Islanders |
| Yemen | Yemeni | Yemenis |
| Zambia | Zambian | Zambians |
| Zimbabwe | Zimbabwean | Zimbabweans |
| City | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Aberdeen, Scotland | Aberdonian | ??? |
| Athens | Athenian | Athenians |
| Atlanta, Georgia | Atlantan | Atlantans |
| Baltimore, Maryland, United States | Baltimorean | Baltimoreans |
| Baton Rouge, Louisiana | Baton Rouge | Baton Rougeans |
| Berlin | Berlin | Berliners |
| Bern (Berne), Switzerland | Bernese | Bernese |
| Birmingham, England | Birminghamian or Brummie | Birminghamians or Brummies |
| Boston, Massachusetts | Boston, Bostonian | Bostonians |
| Brisbane, Australia | Brisbane | Brisbanites |
| Bristol, England | Bristolian | ??? |
| Cairo, Egypt | ??? | Cairenes |
| Calgary, Alberta | Calgarian | Calgarians |
| Cambridge, England and Cambridge, Massachusetts | Cantabrigian | Cantabridgians |
| Canberra, Australia | Canberra | Canberrans |
| Chicago | ??? | Chicagoans |
| Cork, Ireland | Cork | Corkonians, Leesiders (colloquial) |
| Dallas | ??? | Dallasites |
| Denver | ??? | Denverites |
| Detroit, Michigan | ??? | Detroiters |
| Dublin | Dublin | Dubliners, Dubs (colloquial) |
| Edmonton, Alberta | Edmontonian | Edmontonians |
| Fort Lauderdale | Fort Lauderdaler, Fort Lauderdalian | |
| Galway City, Ireland | Galway | Galwegians |
| Geneva, Switzerland | Genevan, Genevese | Genevans, Genevese |
| Genoa, Italy | Genoese | Genoese |
| Glasgow, Scotland | Glaswegian | Glaswegians |
| Halifax, Nova Scotia | Haligonian | Haligonians |
| Hamilton, Ontario | Hamilton, Hamiltonian | Hamiltonians |
| Honolulu | Honolulan | |
| Houston, Texas | Houston, Houstonian | Houstonians |
| Iqaluit, Nunavut | Iqalummiut (sg. Iqalummiuq) | |
| Jerusalem | ??? | Jerusalemites |
| Juneau City and Borough, Alaska | ??? | Juneauites |
| Kuala Lumpur | Kuala Lumpur | KL-ites (pronounced "kay-el-lites") |
| Liverpool, England | Liverpudlian | Liverpudlians or Scousers |
| London | London | Londoners |
| Los Angeles, Californias | Los Angeles | Angelenos |
| Lyon (British English formerly Lyons), France | Lyonese | Lyonese |
| Madrid | Madrilene | Madrileños |
| Málaga, Spain | Malagan | Malagans |
| Manchester, England | Mancunian | Mancs |
| Marseilles | Marseillais | Marseillais |
| Melbourne, Australia | Melbourne | Melburnians |
| Mexico City, Mexico | Chilango | Chilango |
| Milan, Italy | Milanese | Milanese |
| Milan, New York | ??? | Milanites, Milaners |
| Montreal | Montreal, montréalais | Montrealers, Montréalais |
| Moscow | ??? | Muscovites |
| Munich | Münchner | Münchner |
| Naples, Italy | Neapolitan | Neapolitans |
| New Orleans | New Orleans | New Orleaners ; Yat (New Orleans) (colloquial) |
| New York City | New York | New Yorker; Gothamite; Knickerbocker |
| Newcastle, New South Wales | Novocastrian | Novocastrians |
| Newcastle upon Tyne | Novocastrian | Novocastrians or Geordies |
| Nice | Niçois | Niçois |
| Okinawa, Japan | Okinawan | ??? |
| Oxford, England | Oxonian | Oxonians (also graduates of Oxford University) |
| Paris | Parisian | Parisians |
| Philadelphia | ??? | Philadelphians |
| Phoenix, Arizona | ??? | Phoenixers |
| Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | ??? | Pittsburghers |
| Portland, Oregon | Portlandian | Portlanders |
| Quebec City | Quebec (English language), Quebecois (franglais), québécois (French language) | Quebeckers (English), Quebecers (English), Québécois (French), often confounded with residents of the Province of Quebec |
| Rio de Janeiro | Carioca | Cariocas |
| Rochester, New York | ??? | Rochesterians |
| Rome | Roman | Romans |
| Salt Lake City, Utah | Salt Laker | |
| San Diego, California | San Diegan | San Diegans |
| San Francisco, California | San Franciscan | San Franciscans |
| Seattle, Washington | Seattle | Seattleites |
| Sydney, Australia | Sydney | Sydneysiders |
| Tokyo, Japan | Tokyo | Tokyoites |
| Toronto | Toronto, Torontonian | Torontonians |
| Trois-Rivières | Trifluvien(ne,nnes), Trifluvian | Trifluvien(nes,s), Trifluvians |
| Turin, Italy | Turinese | Turinese |
| Valencia, Spain | Valencian | ??? |
| Vancouver, British Columbia | ??? | Vancouverites |
| Venice, Italy | Venetian | Venetians |
| Victoria (Australia) | Victorian | ??? |
| Vienna | Viennese | Viennese |
| Warsaw, Poland | Varsovian | Varsovians |
| Winnipeg, Manitoba | ??? | Winnipeggers, Winnipegers |
| Borough | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| The Bronx | ??? | Bronxites, Bronxers |
| Brooklyn | ??? | Brooklynites, Brooklyners |
| Manhattan | Manhattanite | Manhattanites |
| Queens | ??? | Queensites |
| Staten Island | ??? | Staten Islanders |
| State | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | Alabamian | Alabamians |
| Alaska | Alaskan | Alaskans |
| Arizona | Arizonan | Arizonans |
| Arkansas | Arkansan | Arkansans |
| California | Californian | Californians |
| Connecticut | Connecticut | Connecticuters or Nutmeggers |
| Florida | Floridian | Floridians |
| Georgia (U.S. state) | Georgian | Georgians |
| Hawaii | Hawaiian | Hawaiians |
| Idaho | Idahoan | Idahoans |
| Indiana | Indiana | Hoosiers |
| Illinois | Illinoisan | Illinoisans |
| Iowa | Iowan | Iowans |
| Kansas | Kansan | Kansans |
| Louisiana | Louisiana | Louisianans or Louisianians |
| Maine | Maine | Mainers or Down Easters |
| Maryland | Maryland | Marylanders or Free Staters or Old Liners |
| Massachusetts | Massachusetts | Bay Staters |
| Michigan | Michigan | Michiganders or Michiganians |
| Minnesota | Minnesotan | Minnesotans |
| Nebraska | Nebraskan | Nebraskans |
| New Jersey | New Jersey | New Jerseyans or New Jerseyites |
| New York | New York | New Yorkers |
| Oklahoma | Oklahoman | Oklahomans |
| Ohio | Ohio | Ohioans |
| Oregon | Oregonian | Oregonians |
| Pennsylvania | Pennsylvanian | Pennsylvanians |
| Rhode Island | Rhode Island | Rhode Islanders |
| Texas | Texan | Texans |
| Utah | Utahn, Utahan | Utahns, Utahans |
| Vermont | Vermont | Vermonters |
| Virginia | Virginian | Virginians |
| Washington | Washingtonian | Washingtonians |
| West Virginia | West Virginian | West Virginians |
| Wisconsin | Wisconsin | Wisconsinite |
| Wyoming | Wyoming | Wyomingites |
| Province | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Alberta | Albertan | Albertans |
| British Columbia | British Columbia | British Columbians |
| Manitoba | Manitoban | Manitobans |
| New Brunswick | New Brunswick | New Brunswickers |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | Newfoundland and Labradorian | Newfoundlanders and Labradorians, Newfoundlanders, Labradorians, "Newfies" |
| Nunavut | Nunavut | Nunavummiut (sg. Nunavummiuq) |
| Nova Scotia | Nova Scotian | Nova Scotians |
| Ontario | Ontario | Ontarians |
| Prince Edward Island | Prince Edward Island, P.E.I., Island | Islanders |
| Quebec | English language: Quebec; French language: Québécois ''(4)'' (grammatical genders), Québécoise (grammatical genders) | English language: Quebecers; French language: Québécois |
| Saskatchewan | Saskatchewan | Saskatchewanians |
| Yukon | Yukon | Yukoners, Sourdoughs (colloquial) |
| State | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| New South Wales | New South Welsh | New South Welshmen, cockroaches (colloquial) |
| Northern Territory | Northern Territory | Territorians |
| Queensland | Queensland | Queenslanders, banana benders (colloquial) |
| South Australia | South Australian | South Australians, crow eaters (colloquial) |
| Tasmania | Tasmanian | Tasmanians, Taswegians, double-headers (colloquial) |
| Western Australia | West Australian | West Australians, sandgropers (colloquial) |
| Victoria (Australia) | Victorian | Victorians |
| Australian Capital Territory | Canberran | Canberrans |
| Place name | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Abyssinia | Abyssinian | Abyssinians |
| Acadia | Acadian | Acadians |
| Argos | Argive | Argives |
| Austria-Hungary | Austro-Hungarian | Austro-Hungarians, Austrians, or Hungarians |
| Babylon | Babylonian | Babylonians |
| Bactria, Bactriana | Bactrian | Bactrians |
| Burma | Burmese | Burmese |
| Byzantium | Byzantine | Byzantines |
| Carthage | Carthaginian | Carthaginians |
| Ceylon | Ceylonese | Ceylonese |
| Chechnya | Chechnyan, Chechen | Chechnyan, Chechen |
| Colossae | Colossian | Colossians |
| Confederate States of America | Confederate, CSA | Confederates, Confederate Americans ; American civil war (colloquial) |
| Corinth | Corinthian | Corinthians |
| Crete | Cretan | Cretans |
| Cyrenaica | Cyrenaic | Cyrenaics |
| Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovakian, Czechoslovak, Czech (wrong but common) | Czechoslovakians, Czechs (sometimes wrong but common), Slovaks |
| Dacia | Dacian | Dacians |
| Dalmatia | Dalmatian | Dalmatians |
| Elam | Elamite, Elamitic, Elamitish | Elamites |
| Ephesus | Ephesian | Ephesians |
| Galatia | Galatian | Galatians |
| Gaul | Gallic | Gauls |
| Illyria | Illyrian | Illyrians |
| Locris | Locrian | Locrians |
| Malaya | Malay, Malayan | Malays, Malayans |
| Manchuria | Manchurian | Manchurians |
| Media | Median | Medes or Medians |
| Megara | Megarian | Megarians |
| Mesopotamia | Mesopotamian | Mesopotamians |
| Moldovia | Moldovian | Moldovians |
| Olympia, Greece | Olympic | Olympians |
| Panama Canal Zone | ??? | Zonians |
| Persia | Persian | Persians |
| Philippi | ??? | Philippians |
| Phocis | Phocian | Phocians |
| Phrygia | Phrygian | Phrygians |
| Prussia | Prussian | Prussians |
| Rhodes | Rhodian | Rhodians |
| Siam | Siamese | Siamese |
| Sumer | Sumerian | Sumerians |
| Soviet Union | Soviet | Soviets |
| Sparta | Spartan | Spartans |
| Thebes | Theban | Thebans |
| Thessalonica | Thessalonian | Thessalonians |
| Thessaly | Thessalian | Thessalians |
| Thrace | Thracian | Thracians |
| Tibet | Tibetan | Tibetans |
| Transylvania | Transylvanian | Transylvanians |
| Troy | Trojan | Trojans |
| Yugoslavia | Yugoslavian | Yugoslavs |
| Zaire | Zairean | Zaireans |
| Zululand | Zulu | Zulu or Zulus |
| Place name | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Blefuscu | Blefuscudian | Blefuscudians |
| Brobdingnag | Brobdingnagian | Brobdingnagians |
| Laputa | Laputan | Laputans |
| Lilliput | Lilliputian | Lilliputians |
| Luggnagg | ??? | Struldbrugs |
| Place name | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Acadiana | Acadian | Acadianans |
| Alps | Alpine | ??? |
| Aleutian Islands | Aleut or Aleutian | Aleuts or Aleutians |
| Alsace | Alsatian | Alsatians |
| Amazon River and region | Amazonian | ??? |
| The Americas | American | Americans |
| Andalusia | Andalusian | Andalusians |
| Antarctica | Antarctic | ??? |
| Antilles | Antillean | Antilleans |
| Appalachia | Appalachian | ??? |
| Aragon | Aragonese | Aragonese |
| Asturias | Asturian | Asturians |
| Bali | Balinese | Balinese |
| Balkans | Balkan | ??? |
| Baltic | Baltic | Balts |
| Baluchistan | ??? | Baluchi or Baluchis |
| Bavaria | Bavarian | Bavarians |
| Basque Country | Basque | Basques |
| Bihar | Bihari | Biharis |
| Bohemia | Bohemian | Bohemians |
| Borneo | Bornean | Borneans |
| Brittany | Breton | Bretons |
| Burgundy | Burgundian | Burgundians |
| Cantabria | Cantabrian | Cantabrians |
| Canterbury | Cantuarian | Cantuarians |
| Caribbean | Caribbean | ??? |
| Carinthia | Carinthian | Carinthians |
| Castile | Castilian | Castilians |
| Catalonia | Catalan or Catalonian | Catalans or Catalonians |
| Caucasus, Caucasia | Caucasian, Caucasic | Caucasians |
| Cornwall | Cornish | Cornish (collective) |
| Corsica | Corsican | Corsicans |
| Crimea | Crimean | Crimeans |
| Danube River | Danubian | ??? |
| Fife | Fife | Fifers |
| Flanders | Flemish | Flemings |
| Frisian Islands, Friesland | Frisian, Friesian | Frisians, Friesians |
| Galicia | Galician | Galicians |
| Galilee | Galilean | Galileans |
| Gascony | Gascon | Gascons |
| Guiana | Guianan | Guianans |
| Gujarat | ??? | Gujaratis |
| Harrow, London | Harrovian | ??? |
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong | Hong Kongers |
| Indochina | Indochinese | Indochinese |
| Java (island) | Javanese | Javanese |
| Judea, Judaea | Judean, Judaean | Judeans, Judaeans |
| Kashmir | Kashmiran | Kashmiris |
| Korea | Korean | Koreans |
| Kosovo | Kosovar or Kosovan | Kosovars or Kosovans |
| Kurdistan | Kurdish | Kurds |
| Lancashire | Lancastrian | Lancastrians |
| Lapland | Lapp or Saami | Lapplanders or Saamis |
| Mediterranean | Mediterranean | ??? |
| Melanesia | Melanesian | Melanesians |
| Micronesia | Micronesian | Micronesians |
| Murcia | Murcian | Murcians |
| Nassau | Nassuvian | Nassuvians |
| Nauru | Naurian | Naurians |
| Navarre | Navarrese | Navarrese |
| New England | New England | New Englanders |
| Nile River | Nilotic | ??? |
| Normandy | Norman | Normans |
| Northumberland | Northumbrian | Northumbrians |
| Nubia | Nubian | Nubians |
| Orkney Islands | Orcadian | Orcadians |
| Pacific | Pacific | ??? |
| Palestine (region) | Palestinian | Palestinians |
| Patagonia | Patagonian | Patagonians |
| Picardy | Picard | Picards |
| Polynesia | Polynesian | Polynesians |
| Provence | Provençal | ??? |
| Punjab | ??? | Punjabis |
| Pyrenees (mountains) | Pyrenean | ??? |
| St. Lawrence River | Laurentian | ??? |
| Samaria | Samaritan | Samaritans |
| Sardinia | Sardinian | Sardinians |
| Savoy | Savoyard | Savoyards |
| Saxony | Saxonian | Saxons |
| Scandinavia | Scandinavian | Scandinavians |
| Siberia | Siberian | Siberians |
| Sicily | Sicilian | Sicilians |
| Sind | Sindhi | Sindhi or Sindhis |
| Tahiti | Tahitian | Tahitians |
| Tuscany | Tuscan | Tuscans |
| Upper Peninsula of Michigan | ??? | Yoopers |
| Wallonia | Walloon | Walloons |
| Yorkshire | Yorkshire | Yorkshiremen |
| Continent | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Africa | African | Africans |
| Antarctica | Antarctic | Antarctics |
| Asia | Asian | Asians |
| Australia | Australian | Australians |
| Europe | European | Europeans |
| America | American | Americans |
| North America | North American | North Americans |
| South America | South American | South Americans |
| Planet | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Earth | Earth or World or Terran | Earthlings or Terrans |
| Jupiter (planet) | Jovian | Jovians |
| Mars (planet) | Martian | Martians |
| Mercury (planet) | Mercurian | Mercurians |
| Neptune (planet) | Neptunian | Neptunians |
| Pluto (planet) | Plutonian | Plutonians |
| Saturn (planet) | Saturnian | Saturnians |
| Uranus (planet) | Uranian | Uranians |
| Venus (planet) | Venusian | Venusians |
| Moon | Adjective | Demonym |
|---|---|---|
| Callisto (moon) (of Jupiter) | Callistonian | Callistonians |
| Europa (moon) (of Jupiter) | Europan | Europans |
| Ganymede (moon) (of Jupiter) | Ganymedean | Ganymedeans |
| Io (moon) (of Jupiter) | Ionian | Ionians |
| (The) Moon (of the Earth) | lunar | ??? |
| Titan (moon) (of Saturn) | Titanian | Titanians |
| Triton (moon) (of Neptune) | Tritonian | Tritonians |
List of adjectival forms of place names
What is the point of this article? Isn't that wikipedia is not a dictionary? If you want to know about adjective form of certain nouns, consult a dictionary not an encyclopedia. -- User:TakuyaMurata 02:24 12 Jun 2003 (UTC)~ :I think the "wikipedia is not a dictionary" rule is mostly there to keep it from being ''merely'' a dictionary. Yeah, this is stuff that would be in a dictionary, but probably not in list form. Some might find it kind of handy, in case I ever wonder "What's someone from Turkmenistan called?" And obviously, it's not just for nouns (that really would be pretty excessive) - just place names. -- User:Wapcaplet 02:29 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) ::If someone wants to move it to Wiktionary, I'd be fine with that. I would be interested in this once the basic and obvious ones are done, even if I'm not really trying to find the adjectival form of a specific place-name. If it had cities and other non-obvious ones, I think it would be an interesting list in its own right, which would make it more encyclopedic. User:TUF-KAT :::Where different, I added what call a person from these places. If someone knows what the guidelines are (i.e. most, though not all, that end in an ''a'' are formed by adding an ''n'' -- but is there a reason why Somalia and Argentina are different?) that could make this more encyclopedic? User:TUF-KAT ::::These could link to lists of famous people from each country, state and city. User:GUllman 03:39 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) :The article can be more encyclopedic and should be so without doubt. For example, the difference between Chinaman or Chinese can be interesting to note, or how should we call people from Hong Kong or Taiwan? Are they really Chinese, the same as those from China or Hong Kongnees or Taiwanees. In officla sports game, players from Taiwan are often referred as Chinese Taipei or something. Why is that? On the other hand, the adjective form of Japan is Japanese, which is so boring and completely worthless to note in encyclopedia. -- User:TakuyaMurata 03:18 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) :Chinaman is derogatory (a little bit -- not as bad as chink, but still forbidden in polite conversation) so probably shouldn't be here. Some people might say a person from Iraq is called a camel-fucker, but I don't think that should be here. User:TUF-KAT Censorship? I don't see any reason that we should avoid mentioning a term that is politically sensitive. -- User:TakuyaMurata 03:25 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) I'm just waiting to hear about the adjectival forms for Battle Mountain, Nevada... :-) User:Stan Shebs 03:26 12 Jun 2003 (UTC) :Wiktionary? -- User:TakuyaMurata How about naming the article like Labeling of place names or something? Naming, calling and others you think of are also good. We are more interested in the discussion like above (maybe except camel-fucker). I had no idea that Chinaman is rather provocative. It is true sometimes that there is some dispute about how to call places or people. For example, some people argue that far east is a misnomer because it implicitly imposes Europe-centric point views. -- User:TakuyaMurata A person from London is ''not'' called a cockney but a Londoner. Cockney is a slang term referring to someone from ''inner-city'' London, not the general London area. (If I remember correctly, a cockney is someone who was born within hearing distance of the bells of particular church in the inner city and no further.) User:Jtdirl 05:43 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) BTW is someone from Connecticut ''really'' called ''Nutmegger''? User:Jtdirl 05:47 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) ---- Someone from Afghanistan is an Afghan. Afghanistani is not used in the press, and is not in Oxford, Webster's, or the CIA world factbook. An afghani is a unit of currency. - User:Efghij 05:58 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) :But it is used in the Longman dictionary (2001).. that's why I thought that it was correct. I also searched @ google.com for "Afghanistani" and there were many pages, where "Afghanistani" is used. :Anyway, since the Oxford say that it's not Afghanistani, I can agree with you. :) :By the way, can you check what's the adjective from "Quebec"? Longman says it's Quebecois, not Quebec. User:Webkid 12:21 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) :: According to Oxford, "Quebecois" is the right adjective, but not the right noun. As a noun it refers only to French-Canadian or Francophone Quebecers. - User:Efghij 17:01 22 Jul 2003 (UTC) :: See Québécois. --User:Menchi 22:09 23 Jul 2003 (UTC) :: Added note about this. In English, the proper form is indeed "Quebec" as in, "a Quebec Doctor". See first paragraph of this Toronto Star article: [http://www.thestar.com/NASApp/cs/ContentServer?pagename=thestar/Layout/Article_Type1&c=Article&cid=1091743811799&call_pageid=968332188774&col=968350116467] - User:Basil Fawlty 00:00, 19 Aug 2004 (UTC) ---- This page is getting long now, and I think it's purely because of the tabular format. Can we simplify it? User:Deb 22:06 23 Jul 2003 (UTC) :Sure, if you want the former version, just copy+paste it. User:Webkid 14:21 24 Jul 2003 (UTC) I tried to simplify the structure by removing some of the optional elements, thus also reducing page-size. I'm not too sure about using style-formatting instead of the
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
L
LA | LB | LC | LD | LE | LF | LG | LH | LI | LJ | LK | LM | LN | LO | LP | LR | LS | LT | LU | LW | LX | LY | LZ |Words begining with List_of_adjectival_forms_of_place_names:
List_of_adjectival_forms_of_place_names
List_of_adjectival_forms_of_place_names
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