
Languedoc-Roussillon (Occitan: ''Lengadòc-Rosselhon''; Catalan language: ''Llenguadoc-Rosselló'') is one of the 26 ''régions'' of France. The ''région'' is made up of the following historical provinces of France: *68.7% of Languedoc-Roussillon is the province of Languedoc: ''départements'' of Hérault, Gard, Aude, extreme south and extreme east of Lozère, and extreme north of Pyrénées-Orientales. It should be noted that the former province of Languedoc also extends over the Midi-Pyrénées ''région'', including the old capital of Languedoc Toulouse. *17.9% of Languedoc-Roussillon is the province of Gévaudan: Lozère ''département''. A small part of Gévaudan is also inside the Auvergne (région) ''région''. Gévaudan is often considered to be a sub-province inside the province of Languedoc, in which case Languedoc accounts for 86.6% of Languedoc-Roussillon. *13.4% of Languedoc-Roussillon is a collection of culturally Catalan ''pays'' (i.e. "countries"): Roussillon, Vallespir, Conflent, Capcir, and French Cerdagne, all of which located from east to west inside the Pyrénées-Orientales ''département''. All of these ''pays'' (in Catalonia, on the other side of the border, a ''pays'' is known as a ''Comarques of Catalonia'') are together known as the "province of Roussillon", owning its name to the largest and most populous of the five ''pays''. The correct name should be "province of Roussillon and adjacent lands of Cerdagne", which is the name that was used after the area became French in 1659, based on the historical division of the five ''pays'' between the county of Roussillon (Roussillon and Vallespir) and the Cerdagne (Cerdagne, Capcir, and Conflent). Catalan nationalists prefer to use the name "North Catalonia" (Catalan language: ''Catalunya Nord''), but this name has no official recognition, and it is quite controversial. Finally, it should be noted that Roussillon, Vallespir, Conflent, and Capcir lie entirely inside the Languedoc-Roussillon ''région'', but that only the northern half of Cerdagne is inside the ''région''. The southern half of Cerdagne is on Spanish territory, since the Treaty of the Pyrenees of 1659 divided Cerdagne between France and Spain. People in Catalonia refer to the French Cerdagne as "High Cerdagne" (''Alta Cerdanya''), but this name has no recognition in France. At the regional elections in March 2004, the fiery and domineering Socialist Party (France) mayor of Montpellier Georges Frêche, a maverick in French politics, conquered the ''région'', defeating its center-right president. Since then, Georges Frêche has embarked on a complete overhaul of the ''région'' and its institutions. The flag of the ''région'', which displayed the Occitan cross of Languedoc as well as the stripes of Catalonia (Roussillon), was changed for a new nondescript flag with no reference to the old provinces, except in terms of the colors (red and yellow), which are the colors of both Languedoc and Catalonia. In the same spirit, Georges Frêche also wants to change the name of the ''région'', wishing to erase its duality (Languedoc vs. Roussillon) and strengthen its unity. Thus, he wants to rename the ''région'' "Septimanie" (English: Septimania). Septimania was the name created by the Romans at the end of the Roman Empire for the coastal area corresponding quite well to present day Languedoc-Roussillon (including Roussillon, but not including Gévaudan), and used in the early Middle Ages for the area. The name would transcend the difference between the Occitan and Catalan language speaking areas of Languedoc-Roussillon, and show a unity that goes back before Languedoc or Catalonia appeared. However, the name has not been in use since the 9th century, and it sounds quite odd to French people. Currently, Georges Frêche is using the name "Septimanie" next to the official name of the ''région'', to have people get accustomed to it. However, changing the name of the ''région'' will require approval from the French government, and it is far from certain that the government will approve the change. Also, Catalan nationalists in Roussillon will probably oppose the change, unwilling to fuse their identity into a "Septimanie" ''région'' with no reference to Roussillon. Actually, Catalan nationalists in Roussillon would like the Pyrénées-Orientales ''département'' to secede from Languedoc-Roussillon and become a ''région'' in its own right, which they wish to name "Catalunya Nord" (i.e. "North Catalonia"), but it is quite probable that the French government will not allow this. On the other hand, in the current debate over the reform of French political divisions, which focuses on the fact that there exist too many small ''régions'' in France, there are those who would like to merge the Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées ''régions'', thus reunifying the old province of Languedoc, and creating a large ''région'' able to compete at the European level. It seems probable that Geroges Frêche, with his idea of a "Septimanie" ''région'', does not support such plans, although political leaders in Béziers, Narbonne, and especially Nîmes, would probably support such a merger, hostile as they are to Montpellier, which was chosen as the capital of Languedoc-Roussillon instead of their own city, and which they accuse of hegemony. ==References== *[http://www.languedoc-france.info/index.htm The Languedoc] James McDonald, 2005. *[http://france-for-visitors.com/languedoc/index.html The Languedoc for visitors] ka:ლანგედოკი-რუსილონი
== it is quite probable that the French government will not allow this == This part of the following sentence in this article is an opinion. And an the Wikipedia is not a place to express opinions, specially politics. It should be taken out.--User:Friviere 11:15, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) Actually, Catalan nationalists in Roussillon would like the Pyrénées-Orientales département to secede from Languedoc-Roussillon and become a région in its own right, which they wish to name "Catalunya Nord" (i.e. "North Catalonia"), but it is quite probable that the French government will not allow this. :The part of sentence you are highlighting is not personal opinion. It is a well known fact that the French government is not in favor of local autonomist movements, be it in the Basque country, in Roussillon, or in Brittany. User:Hardouin 14:32, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) == Map == I have removed the map, which seems to be published by Catalan nationalists. In the 8th century, there was not such a thing as a "Catalan-Aragonese kingdom". The unified kingdom of Aragon and Catalonia did not appear until 1162 with King Alfonso II of Aragon. What the map shows, in reality, is the rump Visigoth kingdom after the Arabs had conquered most of the Spanish peninsula. Within years, this rump Visigoth kingdom was also conquered by the Arabs, so the map only represents the situation in the Spanish peninsula for a few years around 714-719. This is not very informative, unless of course the author of the map wants to present history in a Catalan nationalistic perspective. User:Hardouin 14:47, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) What was then? Catalan-Aragonese_Confederation How can the first List_of_Counts_of_Barcelona come in the year 801? --User:Friviere 17:37, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) :Do you read dates?? The map you put is in the 710s. That's many centuries before the Kingdom of Aragon. As for the counts of Barcelona in the early 800s, they were counts of the Frankish Empire. They were not independent back then. In fact what is now Catalonia was called then the Spanish March, and it was part of the Frankish Empire, and later France. It is only in the 12th century that the ties with France were severed. User:Hardouin 19:21, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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Words begining with Languedoc-Roussillon:
Languedoc-Roussillon
Languedoc-Roussillon
Languedoc-Roussillon_infobox
Languedoc-Roussillon_infobox
Languedoc-Roussillon
Languedoc-Roussillon (Occitan: ''Lengadòc-Rosselhon''; Catalan language: ''Llenguadoc-Rosselló'') is one of the 26 ''régions'' of France. The ''région'' is made up of the following historical provinces of France: *68.7% of Languedoc-Roussillon is the province of Languedoc: ''départements'' of Hérault, Gard, Aude, extreme south and extreme east of Lozère, and extreme north of Pyrénées-Orientales. It should be noted that the former province of Languedoc also extends over the Midi-Pyrénées ''région'', including the old capital of Languedoc Toulouse. *17.9% of Languedoc-Roussillon is the province of Gévaudan: Lozère ''département''. A small part of Gévaudan is also inside the Auvergne (région) ''région''. Gévaudan is often considered to be a sub-province inside the province of Languedoc, in which case Languedoc accounts for 86.6% of Languedoc-Roussillon. *13.4% of Languedoc-Roussillon is a collection of culturally Catalan ''pays'' (i.e. "countries"): Roussillon, Vallespir, Conflent, Capcir, and French Cerdagne, all of which located from east to west inside the Pyrénées-Orientales ''département''. All of these ''pays'' (in Catalonia, on the other side of the border, a ''pays'' is known as a ''Comarques of Catalonia'') are together known as the "province of Roussillon", owning its name to the largest and most populous of the five ''pays''. The correct name should be "province of Roussillon and adjacent lands of Cerdagne", which is the name that was used after the area became French in 1659, based on the historical division of the five ''pays'' between the county of Roussillon (Roussillon and Vallespir) and the Cerdagne (Cerdagne, Capcir, and Conflent). Catalan nationalists prefer to use the name "North Catalonia" (Catalan language: ''Catalunya Nord''), but this name has no official recognition, and it is quite controversial. Finally, it should be noted that Roussillon, Vallespir, Conflent, and Capcir lie entirely inside the Languedoc-Roussillon ''région'', but that only the northern half of Cerdagne is inside the ''région''. The southern half of Cerdagne is on Spanish territory, since the Treaty of the Pyrenees of 1659 divided Cerdagne between France and Spain. People in Catalonia refer to the French Cerdagne as "High Cerdagne" (''Alta Cerdanya''), but this name has no recognition in France. At the regional elections in March 2004, the fiery and domineering Socialist Party (France) mayor of Montpellier Georges Frêche, a maverick in French politics, conquered the ''région'', defeating its center-right president. Since then, Georges Frêche has embarked on a complete overhaul of the ''région'' and its institutions. The flag of the ''région'', which displayed the Occitan cross of Languedoc as well as the stripes of Catalonia (Roussillon), was changed for a new nondescript flag with no reference to the old provinces, except in terms of the colors (red and yellow), which are the colors of both Languedoc and Catalonia. In the same spirit, Georges Frêche also wants to change the name of the ''région'', wishing to erase its duality (Languedoc vs. Roussillon) and strengthen its unity. Thus, he wants to rename the ''région'' "Septimanie" (English: Septimania). Septimania was the name created by the Romans at the end of the Roman Empire for the coastal area corresponding quite well to present day Languedoc-Roussillon (including Roussillon, but not including Gévaudan), and used in the early Middle Ages for the area. The name would transcend the difference between the Occitan and Catalan language speaking areas of Languedoc-Roussillon, and show a unity that goes back before Languedoc or Catalonia appeared. However, the name has not been in use since the 9th century, and it sounds quite odd to French people. Currently, Georges Frêche is using the name "Septimanie" next to the official name of the ''région'', to have people get accustomed to it. However, changing the name of the ''région'' will require approval from the French government, and it is far from certain that the government will approve the change. Also, Catalan nationalists in Roussillon will probably oppose the change, unwilling to fuse their identity into a "Septimanie" ''région'' with no reference to Roussillon. Actually, Catalan nationalists in Roussillon would like the Pyrénées-Orientales ''département'' to secede from Languedoc-Roussillon and become a ''région'' in its own right, which they wish to name "Catalunya Nord" (i.e. "North Catalonia"), but it is quite probable that the French government will not allow this. On the other hand, in the current debate over the reform of French political divisions, which focuses on the fact that there exist too many small ''régions'' in France, there are those who would like to merge the Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées ''régions'', thus reunifying the old province of Languedoc, and creating a large ''région'' able to compete at the European level. It seems probable that Geroges Frêche, with his idea of a "Septimanie" ''région'', does not support such plans, although political leaders in Béziers, Narbonne, and especially Nîmes, would probably support such a merger, hostile as they are to Montpellier, which was chosen as the capital of Languedoc-Roussillon instead of their own city, and which they accuse of hegemony. ==References== *[http://www.languedoc-france.info/index.htm The Languedoc] James McDonald, 2005. *[http://france-for-visitors.com/languedoc/index.html The Languedoc for visitors] ka:ლანგედოკი-რუსილონი
Languedoc-Roussillon
== it is quite probable that the French government will not allow this == This part of the following sentence in this article is an opinion. And an the Wikipedia is not a place to express opinions, specially politics. It should be taken out.--User:Friviere 11:15, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) Actually, Catalan nationalists in Roussillon would like the Pyrénées-Orientales département to secede from Languedoc-Roussillon and become a région in its own right, which they wish to name "Catalunya Nord" (i.e. "North Catalonia"), but it is quite probable that the French government will not allow this. :The part of sentence you are highlighting is not personal opinion. It is a well known fact that the French government is not in favor of local autonomist movements, be it in the Basque country, in Roussillon, or in Brittany. User:Hardouin 14:32, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) == Map == I have removed the map, which seems to be published by Catalan nationalists. In the 8th century, there was not such a thing as a "Catalan-Aragonese kingdom". The unified kingdom of Aragon and Catalonia did not appear until 1162 with King Alfonso II of Aragon. What the map shows, in reality, is the rump Visigoth kingdom after the Arabs had conquered most of the Spanish peninsula. Within years, this rump Visigoth kingdom was also conquered by the Arabs, so the map only represents the situation in the Spanish peninsula for a few years around 714-719. This is not very informative, unless of course the author of the map wants to present history in a Catalan nationalistic perspective. User:Hardouin 14:47, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) What was then? Catalan-Aragonese_Confederation How can the first List_of_Counts_of_Barcelona come in the year 801? --User:Friviere 17:37, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC) :Do you read dates?? The map you put is in the 710s. That's many centuries before the Kingdom of Aragon. As for the counts of Barcelona in the early 800s, they were counts of the Frankish Empire. They were not independent back then. In fact what is now Catalonia was called then the Spanish March, and it was part of the Frankish Empire, and later France. It is only in the 12th century that the ties with France were severed. User:Hardouin 19:21, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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Languedoc-Roussillon
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Languedoc-Roussillon_infobox
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