[[Image:The Harvesters by Brueghel.jpg|thumb|right|350px|"The Harvesters," by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, 1565: Peace and agriculture in a pre-Romantic ideal landscape, without sublime terrors]] The word landscape as most westerners use it is completely entrenched in western notions of land, nature and art. It is generally only conceived of in terms of an emerging post-Renaissance dichotomy of nature vs. culture or pristine vs. mundane and contaminated. Alternatively, the genesis of the western concept of landscape is tied to the discovery of linear perspective and map-making. It is not true, however, that understandings of landscape, even within western culture, are necessarily formed around concepts of untouched nature or which locate the observer (as in the trope of the painted landscape) outside of the picture, the landscape itself. For many people, the dense mesh of city buildings is their landscape and their art may reflect this. For others, human intervention in the natural world may be seen as the ideal environment and "visual pleasure" may be brought about by views of cleared tracts of land juxtaposed with threatening wilderness. The actual word "Landscape" is derived from the Dutch, "Landschap" or German language "'Landschaft' meaning a sheaf, a patch of cultivated ground, something small-scale that corresponded to a peasant's perception, a mere fragment of a feudal estate, an inset in a Breugel landscape. This usage had gone out of vogue by the eleventh century, replaced by words that corresponded to the larger political spaces of those with power - territoire, pays, domain. And then in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries it re-emerged, tightly tied to a particular 'way of seeing', a particular experience, whether in pictures, extolling nature or landscaping an estate." (B. Bender in Landscape: Politics and Perspectives 1995:2) Through tracing the history of the term we come to see that even within the realm of art, it is tied to politics and power of conceptual organization, ownership and perspective. That landscape painting as form of representation was established in 15th century Italy and Flanders was due to new politics of vision. In fact, landscape, be it used to describe a genre of painting or the world we locate ourselves within, is never empty, never just a 'vista'. And, equally as significantly, never only experienced visually. Landscape refers to the layout in terms of a land area and to its visual representation, particularly as portrayed by members of the painting community. The term landscape even in terms of the physical sense implies the visual interpretation of the configuration in terms of the land, because that is the primary way in terms of which a landscape is perceived. A landscape comprises several principal categories in terms of elements: *landforms *vegetation *human-built structural elements *depth and breadth in terms of view A landscape may also include: *water bodies *other life forms, particularly in terms of members of fauna and wildlife communities *human presence *human-made artistic representations *direction of lighting *weather forms Landforms are based on a set of elements that include elevation, slope, orientation, stratification, rock exposure, and soil type. Landforms by name include berms, mounds, hills, cliffs, valleys, and so forth. The practice of designing landscapes to engage with issues around visual pleasure and other aspects in terms of function is landscape architecture. A member of the landscape architecture community who has passed a state registration exam is termed a landscape architect. When the term landscape refers to a static painting, weather and sky conditions are also important elements. The term landscape also is applied to the orientation of a rectangular page, painting or other graphic, denoting that the long axis is horizontal. When the long axis is vertical, it is termed portrait. The ''Habitat Theory'' claims that people like open landscapes because the human species originates in the Africa Savanna. This theory has been applied to explain why open landscapes are valued, but it fails to explain why this is not universally true. ==Related Illustration== Cloudscapes or skyscapes are depictions of clouds, weatherforms, and atmospheric conditions in the same manner as landscapes. Seascapes depict oceans or beaches in the same manner as landscapes. ==Related fields== Hardscape - Landscape ecology - landscape architecture *Moonscape Painting ==External links== *[http://www.greenmediaonline.com Green Media Online - a Free online resource on Landscape and Irrigation]. nds:Landschap
Should this page distinguish seascapes, moonscapes and the like? --User:Daniel C. Boyer 20:10, 12 Dec 2003 (UTC) that is an artistic perception :-) As for me, land is something solid, on which we are walking. Not sea. And land is something inherently linked to Earth. Not moon. User:Anthere ==Disambiguation== Shouldn't we have some better disambiguation between this meaning of "landscape" and "landscape" as an orientation (i.e. horizontal as opposed to "portrait" as vertical).The only reference I can find to this is landscape mode which is a bit of an odd page. Oh, I see, there is a sentence hidden in there somewhere; I guess this page just needs a bit of refactoring and formatting, which I don't have time for right now, I'm afraid. - User:IMSoP 23:36, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)
== looks familiar.... ==
This article looks strikingly similar to a footnote in Barbara Bender, Landscape: ''Politics and Perspectives'', page 2, footnote #3...unless Barbara submitted this material, I hope whoever did asked.
There is an end quote to the Bender note, but no clear indication of where the quote begins. Perhaps with "Landscape"? Needs clarification. User:Deirdre 23:43, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Landscape:
Landscape
Landscape
Landscaped
Landscaper
Landscapes
Landscapes_of_Norway
Landscapes_of_Norway
Landscapes_of_Norway
Landscapes_of_Norway
Landscape_(disambiguation)
Landscape_Arch
Landscape_arch
Landscape_archaeology
Landscape_architect
Landscape_architects
Landscape_Architecture
Landscape_architecture
Landscape_by_Govert_Flinck.jpeg
Landscape_Design
Landscape_design
Landscape_designer
Landscape_designers
Landscape_Ecology
Landscape_ecology
Landscape_ecology
Landscape_engineering
Landscape_gardener
Landscape_gardening
Landscape_heraldry
Landscape_images
Landscape_maintenance
Landscape_mode
Landscape_of_Norway
Landscape_painter
Landscape_painting
Landscape
[[Image:The Harvesters by Brueghel.jpg|thumb|right|350px|"The Harvesters," by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, 1565: Peace and agriculture in a pre-Romantic ideal landscape, without sublime terrors]] The word landscape as most westerners use it is completely entrenched in western notions of land, nature and art. It is generally only conceived of in terms of an emerging post-Renaissance dichotomy of nature vs. culture or pristine vs. mundane and contaminated. Alternatively, the genesis of the western concept of landscape is tied to the discovery of linear perspective and map-making. It is not true, however, that understandings of landscape, even within western culture, are necessarily formed around concepts of untouched nature or which locate the observer (as in the trope of the painted landscape) outside of the picture, the landscape itself. For many people, the dense mesh of city buildings is their landscape and their art may reflect this. For others, human intervention in the natural world may be seen as the ideal environment and "visual pleasure" may be brought about by views of cleared tracts of land juxtaposed with threatening wilderness. The actual word "Landscape" is derived from the Dutch, "Landschap" or German language "'Landschaft' meaning a sheaf, a patch of cultivated ground, something small-scale that corresponded to a peasant's perception, a mere fragment of a feudal estate, an inset in a Breugel landscape. This usage had gone out of vogue by the eleventh century, replaced by words that corresponded to the larger political spaces of those with power - territoire, pays, domain. And then in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries it re-emerged, tightly tied to a particular 'way of seeing', a particular experience, whether in pictures, extolling nature or landscaping an estate." (B. Bender in Landscape: Politics and Perspectives 1995:2) Through tracing the history of the term we come to see that even within the realm of art, it is tied to politics and power of conceptual organization, ownership and perspective. That landscape painting as form of representation was established in 15th century Italy and Flanders was due to new politics of vision. In fact, landscape, be it used to describe a genre of painting or the world we locate ourselves within, is never empty, never just a 'vista'. And, equally as significantly, never only experienced visually. Landscape refers to the layout in terms of a land area and to its visual representation, particularly as portrayed by members of the painting community. The term landscape even in terms of the physical sense implies the visual interpretation of the configuration in terms of the land, because that is the primary way in terms of which a landscape is perceived. A landscape comprises several principal categories in terms of elements: *landforms *vegetation *human-built structural elements *depth and breadth in terms of view A landscape may also include: *water bodies *other life forms, particularly in terms of members of fauna and wildlife communities *human presence *human-made artistic representations *direction of lighting *weather forms Landforms are based on a set of elements that include elevation, slope, orientation, stratification, rock exposure, and soil type. Landforms by name include berms, mounds, hills, cliffs, valleys, and so forth. The practice of designing landscapes to engage with issues around visual pleasure and other aspects in terms of function is landscape architecture. A member of the landscape architecture community who has passed a state registration exam is termed a landscape architect. When the term landscape refers to a static painting, weather and sky conditions are also important elements. The term landscape also is applied to the orientation of a rectangular page, painting or other graphic, denoting that the long axis is horizontal. When the long axis is vertical, it is termed portrait. The ''Habitat Theory'' claims that people like open landscapes because the human species originates in the Africa Savanna. This theory has been applied to explain why open landscapes are valued, but it fails to explain why this is not universally true. ==Related Illustration== Cloudscapes or skyscapes are depictions of clouds, weatherforms, and atmospheric conditions in the same manner as landscapes. Seascapes depict oceans or beaches in the same manner as landscapes. ==Related fields== Hardscape - Landscape ecology - landscape architecture *Moonscape Painting ==External links== *[http://www.greenmediaonline.com Green Media Online - a Free online resource on Landscape and Irrigation]. nds:Landschap
Landscape
Should this page distinguish seascapes, moonscapes and the like? --User:Daniel C. Boyer 20:10, 12 Dec 2003 (UTC) that is an artistic perception :-) As for me, land is something solid, on which we are walking. Not sea. And land is something inherently linked to Earth. Not moon. User:Anthere ==Disambiguation== Shouldn't we have some better disambiguation between this meaning of "landscape" and "landscape" as an orientation (i.e. horizontal as opposed to "portrait" as vertical).
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
L
LA | LB | LC | LD | LE | LF | LG | LH | LI | LJ | LK | LM | LN | LO | LP | LR | LS | LT | LU | LW | LX | LY | LZ |Words begining with Landscape:
Landscape
Landscape
Landscaped
Landscaper
Landscapes
Landscapes_of_Norway
Landscapes_of_Norway
Landscapes_of_Norway
Landscapes_of_Norway
Landscape_(disambiguation)
Landscape_Arch
Landscape_arch
Landscape_archaeology
Landscape_architect
Landscape_architects
Landscape_Architecture
Landscape_architecture
Landscape_by_Govert_Flinck.jpeg
Landscape_Design
Landscape_design
Landscape_designer
Landscape_designers
Landscape_Ecology
Landscape_ecology
Landscape_ecology
Landscape_engineering
Landscape_gardener
Landscape_gardening
Landscape_heraldry
Landscape_images
Landscape_maintenance
Landscape_mode
Landscape_of_Norway
Landscape_painter
Landscape_painting
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