
The Kingdom of Hungary is the name of a multiethnic kingdom that existed in Central Europe from 1000 to 1918. It arose in present-day western Hungary and subsequently spread to remaining present-day Hungary, to Transylvania (in present-day Romania), Slovakia, Carpatho-Ukraine, Vojvodina (in present-day Serbia and Montenegro), Croatia, and other smaller nearby territories. However, borders of Kingdom have changed during the time, thus some of these areas were part of the Kingdom of Hungary only in certain historical periods, while in other historical periods they were not part of it. The term "Kingdom of Hungary" is often used to denote this long-lasting configuration of territories in order to draw a clear distinction with the modern Hungarian state, which is significantly smaller and more ethnically homogeneous. Prior to and in the 19th century, the term ''Hungarian'' often referred any inhabitant of this state, regardless of his or her ethnicity as we would understand it today. The state was ruled by the kings of Hungary, the bearers of the Crown of St. Stephen. The first kings of the Kingdom were from the Arpads. In the early 14th century this dynasty was replaced by the Angevins, and later the Jagiellonians as well as several non-dynastic rulers, notably Matthias Corvinus. At the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the Hungarian army was defeated by the forces of the Ottoman Empire, and Louis II of Hungary of Hungary was killed. As the Ottomans undertook small attacks in the Kingdom of Hungary, central authority collapsed and a struggle for power broke out. Some Hungarian nobles proclaimed Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, who was ruler of neighboring Austria and tied to Lajos's family by marriage, as King of Hungary; there had been previous agreements that the Habsburgs would take the Hungarian throne if Lajos died without heirs, as he did. However, other nobles turned to the Hungarian nobleman John Zapolya. Zapolya received the support of the Ottoman Sultan but no recognition from other Christian powers. A three-sided conflict ensued as Ferdinand moved to assert his rule over as much of the Hungarian kingdom as he could. By 1541, the former territory of the kingdom had been split into three parts: * Present-day Slovakia, Burgenland, western Croatia, and adjacent territories were under Habsburg rule. This area was referred to as Royal Hungary, and though it in theory remained a separate state, it was administered more or less as an integral part of the Habsburg's Austrian holdings, to which it was immediately adjacent. This was the continuation of the Kingdom of Hungary. * Most parts of present-day Hungary became part of the Ottoman Empire. * The remaining territory became part of the newly independent principality of Transylvania, under Zapolya's family. Transylvania was a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. After a failed Ottoman invasion of Austria in 1683, the Habsburgs went on the offensive against the Turks; by around 1700, they had managed to conquer the remainder of the historical Kingdom of Hungary and the principality of Transylvania. At this point, the ''Royal Hungary'' terminology was dropped, and the area was once again referred to as the ''Kingdom of Hungary'', although it was administered as a part of the Habsburg realm as before. In 1867, the Austrian Empire became the so-called "dual monarchy" of Austria-Hungary. An area corresponding to the historic Kingdom of Hungary was granted considerable internal autonomy and a share in the operation of the Empire as a whole. This arrangement was to last until 1918, when on the one hand the non-Magyar territories of the Kingdom of Hungary joined new or neighbouring states (Czechoslovakia, Romania, the state of southern Slavs) and on the other Hungary declared a Hungarian republic (within the old boundaries of the kingdom) as the Central Powers went down in defeat in World War I. This is generally seen as the end of the state that is referred to as the ''Kingdom of Hungary''. Beset by a series of internal revolutions, Hungary accepted the radical reduction in the territorial extent of the previous kingdom (which reflected boundaries that were almost 800 years old) laid out by the Treaty of Trianon in 1920. However, it should be noted that Kingdom of Hungary was also the formal name of the Hungarian state that existed largely on the territory of present Hungary from 21 March 1920 until 21 December 1944. This state (which was also commonly referred to as the Hungarian Kingdom) was conceived of as a "kingdom without a king," since there was no consensus on either who should take the throne of Hungary, or what form of government should replace the monarchy. The kingdom was ruled in this period by Miklós Horthy, who had the title of regent. == See also == * List of Hungarian rulers, * Nobility in the Kingdom of Hungary, * Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary, * Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary), * History of Hungary, * Croatia in the union with Hungary, * History of Slovakia, * Transylvania. History of Croatia History of Hungary History of Slovakia Romanian history Serbian history Vojvodina History of Slovenia Ukrainian history History of Austria
==Extended rationale== I've created this page not just on its own merit, but also to be able to disambiguate various links from older texts. EB1911 seems to be riddled with subtle references to "Hungary" and "Hungarian" when it actually means people or things part of the old Kingdom, not the present meaning. Juro has noted that in the second paragraph of the Magyars page, which is where Hungarians points to, and subsequently the disambiguation page Hungarian. --User:Shallot 16:34, 5 Aug 2004 (UTC) A good idea ...User:Juro 01:40, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC) This page needs an account of how Croatia and other lands joined the kingdom. The page itself should be a part of a History of Hungary series. User:Zocky 18:59, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC) This page concentrates on the term ''Kingdom of Hungary'', other details are in the History of Hungary...User:Juro 21:23, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Kingdom_of_Hungary:
Kingdom_of_Hungary
Kingdom_of_Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary is the name of a multiethnic kingdom that existed in Central Europe from 1000 to 1918. It arose in present-day western Hungary and subsequently spread to remaining present-day Hungary, to Transylvania (in present-day Romania), Slovakia, Carpatho-Ukraine, Vojvodina (in present-day Serbia and Montenegro), Croatia, and other smaller nearby territories. However, borders of Kingdom have changed during the time, thus some of these areas were part of the Kingdom of Hungary only in certain historical periods, while in other historical periods they were not part of it. The term "Kingdom of Hungary" is often used to denote this long-lasting configuration of territories in order to draw a clear distinction with the modern Hungarian state, which is significantly smaller and more ethnically homogeneous. Prior to and in the 19th century, the term ''Hungarian'' often referred any inhabitant of this state, regardless of his or her ethnicity as we would understand it today. The state was ruled by the kings of Hungary, the bearers of the Crown of St. Stephen. The first kings of the Kingdom were from the Arpads. In the early 14th century this dynasty was replaced by the Angevins, and later the Jagiellonians as well as several non-dynastic rulers, notably Matthias Corvinus. At the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the Hungarian army was defeated by the forces of the Ottoman Empire, and Louis II of Hungary of Hungary was killed. As the Ottomans undertook small attacks in the Kingdom of Hungary, central authority collapsed and a struggle for power broke out. Some Hungarian nobles proclaimed Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, who was ruler of neighboring Austria and tied to Lajos's family by marriage, as King of Hungary; there had been previous agreements that the Habsburgs would take the Hungarian throne if Lajos died without heirs, as he did. However, other nobles turned to the Hungarian nobleman John Zapolya. Zapolya received the support of the Ottoman Sultan but no recognition from other Christian powers. A three-sided conflict ensued as Ferdinand moved to assert his rule over as much of the Hungarian kingdom as he could. By 1541, the former territory of the kingdom had been split into three parts: * Present-day Slovakia, Burgenland, western Croatia, and adjacent territories were under Habsburg rule. This area was referred to as Royal Hungary, and though it in theory remained a separate state, it was administered more or less as an integral part of the Habsburg's Austrian holdings, to which it was immediately adjacent. This was the continuation of the Kingdom of Hungary. * Most parts of present-day Hungary became part of the Ottoman Empire. * The remaining territory became part of the newly independent principality of Transylvania, under Zapolya's family. Transylvania was a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. After a failed Ottoman invasion of Austria in 1683, the Habsburgs went on the offensive against the Turks; by around 1700, they had managed to conquer the remainder of the historical Kingdom of Hungary and the principality of Transylvania. At this point, the ''Royal Hungary'' terminology was dropped, and the area was once again referred to as the ''Kingdom of Hungary'', although it was administered as a part of the Habsburg realm as before. In 1867, the Austrian Empire became the so-called "dual monarchy" of Austria-Hungary. An area corresponding to the historic Kingdom of Hungary was granted considerable internal autonomy and a share in the operation of the Empire as a whole. This arrangement was to last until 1918, when on the one hand the non-Magyar territories of the Kingdom of Hungary joined new or neighbouring states (Czechoslovakia, Romania, the state of southern Slavs) and on the other Hungary declared a Hungarian republic (within the old boundaries of the kingdom) as the Central Powers went down in defeat in World War I. This is generally seen as the end of the state that is referred to as the ''Kingdom of Hungary''. Beset by a series of internal revolutions, Hungary accepted the radical reduction in the territorial extent of the previous kingdom (which reflected boundaries that were almost 800 years old) laid out by the Treaty of Trianon in 1920. However, it should be noted that Kingdom of Hungary was also the formal name of the Hungarian state that existed largely on the territory of present Hungary from 21 March 1920 until 21 December 1944. This state (which was also commonly referred to as the Hungarian Kingdom) was conceived of as a "kingdom without a king," since there was no consensus on either who should take the throne of Hungary, or what form of government should replace the monarchy. The kingdom was ruled in this period by Miklós Horthy, who had the title of regent. == See also == * List of Hungarian rulers, * Nobility in the Kingdom of Hungary, * Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary, * Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary), * History of Hungary, * Croatia in the union with Hungary, * History of Slovakia, * Transylvania. History of Croatia History of Hungary History of Slovakia Romanian history Serbian history Vojvodina History of Slovenia Ukrainian history History of Austria
Kingdom of Hungary
==Extended rationale== I've created this page not just on its own merit, but also to be able to disambiguate various links from older texts. EB1911 seems to be riddled with subtle references to "Hungary" and "Hungarian" when it actually means people or things part of the old Kingdom, not the present meaning. Juro has noted that in the second paragraph of the Magyars page, which is where Hungarians points to, and subsequently the disambiguation page Hungarian. --User:Shallot 16:34, 5 Aug 2004 (UTC) A good idea ...User:Juro 01:40, 8 Aug 2004 (UTC) This page needs an account of how Croatia and other lands joined the kingdom. The page itself should be a part of a History of Hungary series. User:Zocky 18:59, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC) This page concentrates on the term ''Kingdom of Hungary'', other details are in the History of Hungary...User:Juro 21:23, 8 Jan 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
K
KA | KB | KC | KD | KE | KF | KG | KH | KI | KJ | KL | KM | KN | KO | KP | KR | KS | KT | KU | KW | KX | KY | KZ |Words begining with Kingdom_of_Hungary:
Kingdom_of_Hungary
Kingdom_of_Hungary
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