The Intel 80286 is an x86-family 16-bit microprocessor that was introduced by Intel on February 1, 1982. Initially released in 6 and 8 MHz editions, it subsequently scaled up to 20 MHz, and was widely used in IBM PC compatible computers during the mid 1980s to early 1990s. The 80286 performs at twice the speed of its predecessor (the Intel 8086) per clock cycle, and is able to address up to 16 megabytes of Random access memory, in contrast to the 1MB the 8086 can work with. On DOS machines this additional RAM capability can only be utilised via extended memory emulation, however few 286-based computers ever saw more than a megabyte of RAM. The 286 was designed to run multitasking applications, including Communications (such as automated PBXs), real-time process control, and multi-user systems. Despite their market popularity, few desktop computers with a 80286 CPU still remain in use today. The 286's successor was the 32-bit Intel 80386. An interesting feature of this processor is that it was the first x86 processor capable of switching from real mode to protected mode, enabling the use of all system memory as a single block, and allowing certain degree of protection of the memory zones used by applications. However, the 286 couldn't revert to real mode, so protected mode wasn't widely used until the appearance of the 386, which could go back and forth between modes. == External links == * [http://tuxmobil.org/286_mobile.html Linux on 286 laptops and notebooks] * [http://www.cpu-collection.de/?tn=1&l0=cl&l1=80286 Intel 80286 images and descriptions at cpu-collection.de] x86 microprocessors
''and could run up to 12.5MHz.'' I removed this, because I ''think'' that it is wrong, but I'm not sure. I believe that a 16MHz 80286 was pretty common, and my father said that his first computer had a 20MHz 286 CPU. Can anyone confirm or deny? -- User:Stephen Gilbert UPDATE: I am sure. Check this page: http://www.pcguide.com/ref/cpu/fam/g2I80286-c.html -- User:Stephen Gilbert :It seems there were 25MHz 286s too, though not from Intel. User:Crusadeonilliteracy ''codenamed iAPX'' I removed this because the 80286 was not codenamed iAPX. The iAPX was a completely different processor family developed by Intel in 1981. At first the family consisted of a two-chip general data processor, and a single-chip interface processor. Eventually Intel added a bus interface unit and a memory control unit. Please see a great iAPX website at http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/retrocomputing/intel/iapx432/ Chris Thames mavroxur@hotmail.com == Exiting protected mode == ''However, the 286 couldn't revert to real mode, so protected mode wasn't widely used until the appearance of the 386, which could go back and forth between modes.'' It should be noted that although this is technically true, IBM and others created workarounds for this limitation early on, so it's not as big a problem as the article makes it sound. References: [http://www.x86.org/articles/pmbasics/tspec_a1_doc.htm Protected mode overview] [http://www.x86.org/productivity/triplefault.htm Triple-fault technique] User:Tim Peterson 18:03, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
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Intel 80286
The Intel 80286 is an x86-family 16-bit microprocessor that was introduced by Intel on February 1, 1982. Initially released in 6 and 8 MHz editions, it subsequently scaled up to 20 MHz, and was widely used in IBM PC compatible computers during the mid 1980s to early 1990s. The 80286 performs at twice the speed of its predecessor (the Intel 8086) per clock cycle, and is able to address up to 16 megabytes of Random access memory, in contrast to the 1MB the 8086 can work with. On DOS machines this additional RAM capability can only be utilised via extended memory emulation, however few 286-based computers ever saw more than a megabyte of RAM. The 286 was designed to run multitasking applications, including Communications (such as automated PBXs), real-time process control, and multi-user systems. Despite their market popularity, few desktop computers with a 80286 CPU still remain in use today. The 286's successor was the 32-bit Intel 80386. An interesting feature of this processor is that it was the first x86 processor capable of switching from real mode to protected mode, enabling the use of all system memory as a single block, and allowing certain degree of protection of the memory zones used by applications. However, the 286 couldn't revert to real mode, so protected mode wasn't widely used until the appearance of the 386, which could go back and forth between modes. == External links == * [http://tuxmobil.org/286_mobile.html Linux on 286 laptops and notebooks] * [http://www.cpu-collection.de/?tn=1&l0=cl&l1=80286 Intel 80286 images and descriptions at cpu-collection.de] x86 microprocessors
Intel 80286
''and could run up to 12.5MHz.'' I removed this, because I ''think'' that it is wrong, but I'm not sure. I believe that a 16MHz 80286 was pretty common, and my father said that his first computer had a 20MHz 286 CPU. Can anyone confirm or deny? -- User:Stephen Gilbert UPDATE: I am sure. Check this page: http://www.pcguide.com/ref/cpu/fam/g2I80286-c.html -- User:Stephen Gilbert :It seems there were 25MHz 286s too, though not from Intel. User:Crusadeonilliteracy ''codenamed iAPX'' I removed this because the 80286 was not codenamed iAPX. The iAPX was a completely different processor family developed by Intel in 1981. At first the family consisted of a two-chip general data processor, and a single-chip interface processor. Eventually Intel added a bus interface unit and a memory control unit. Please see a great iAPX website at http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/retrocomputing/intel/iapx432/ Chris Thames mavroxur@hotmail.com == Exiting protected mode == ''However, the 286 couldn't revert to real mode, so protected mode wasn't widely used until the appearance of the 386, which could go back and forth between modes.'' It should be noted that although this is technically true, IBM and others created workarounds for this limitation early on, so it's not as big a problem as the article makes it sound. References: [http://www.x86.org/articles/pmbasics/tspec_a1_doc.htm Protected mode overview] [http://www.x86.org/productivity/triplefault.htm Triple-fault technique] User:Tim Peterson 18:03, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
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