
December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. It is the final day of the Gregorian year. ==Events== *406 - Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gaul. *1600 - British East India Company is chartered. *1687 - The first Huguenots set sail from France to the Cape of Good Hope. *1695 - A window tax is imposed in England, causing many shopkeepers to brick up their windows to avoid the tax. *1775 - American Revolutionary War: British forces repulse an attack by Continental Army generals Richard Montgomery and Benedict Arnold at the Battle of Quebec (1775). *1857 - Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom chooses Ottawa, Ontario, as the capital of Canada *1862 - American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln signs an act that admits West Virginia to the Union (thus dividing Virginia in two); meanwhile, the Battle of Stones River is fought near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. *1879 - Thomas Edison demonstrates incandescent lighting to the public for the first time (Menlo Park, New Jersey). *1904 - The first New Year's Eve celebration is held in Times Square, then known as Longacre Square, in New York, New York. *1916 - The Hampton Terrace Hotel, North Augusta in North Augusta, South Carolina, one of the largest and most luxurious hotels in the USA at the time, burns to the ground. *1929 - Guy Lombardo plays ''Auld Lang Syne'' for the first time *1944 - World War II: Hungary declares war on Germany *1946 - President Harry Truman officially proclaims an end of hostilities in World War II. *1955 - General Motors becomes the first American corporation to make over United States dollars $1 billion in a year. *1960 - The farthing coin, used in Britain since the 13th century, ceases to be legal tender. *1961 - The Marshall Plan expires after distributing more than United States dollars $12 billion in foreign aid to rebuild Europe. *1963 - Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland officially collapsed, and eventually became Zambia, Malawi and Rhodesia. *1968 - Marien Ngouabi assumed the presidency of the Republic of the Congo. *1972 - Roberto Clemente died in a plane crash en route to deliver aid to earthquake victims in Nicaragua. *1983 - The last day that the AT&T Bell System exists before being broken up by the United States Government. *1986 - A fire at the Dupont Plaza Hotel in San Juan, Puerto Rico, kills 97 and injures 140. *1988 - Mario Lemieux of the Pittsburgh Penguins becomes the first player in National Hockey League history to score one goal of each type in a single hockey game: a even-strength goal, a power-play goal, a short-handed goal, a penalty shot, and an empty-net goal. *1990 - Russian Garry Kasparov holds his title by winning the World Chess Championship match against his countryman Anatoly Karpov. *1991 - The Soviet Union officially dissolves. *1992 - In the last of the great ITV franchise renewals, Thames Television, Television South West and Television South cease broadcasting, replaced by Carlton Television, Westcountry Television and Meridian Television respectively. *1995 - The publication of the last new Calvin and Hobbes cartoon strip. *1999 - Boris Yeltsin resigns as President of Russia, to be replaced by Vladimir Putin *1999 - Five hijacking, who had been holding 155 hostages on an Indian Airlines plane, leave the plane with two Islamic clerics that they had demanded be freed. *1999 - The Panama Canal comes completely under Panama's jurisdiction. ==Births== *1378 - Pope Callixtus III (d. 1458) *1491 - Jacques Cartier, French explorer (d. 1557) *1514 - Vesalius , physician (d. 1564) *1790 - Antoine Adamberger, actress (d. 1867) *1869 - Henri Matisse, painter and graphic artist (d. 1954) *1880 - George Marshall, recipient of Nobel Prize/Peace 1953 for the Marshall Plan (d. 1959) *1881 - Max Pechstein, painter and graphic artist (d. 1955) *1894 - Pola Negri, Polish actress (d. 1987) *1903 - Nathan Milstein, Ukrainian violinist (d. 1992) *1905 - Jule Styne, composer (d. 1994) *1908 - Simon Wiesenthal, concentration camp survivor, activist *1910 - Carl Dudley, American movie director (died 1973) *1919 - Tommy Byrne (baseball), Major League Baseball player *1920 - Rex Allen, actor, singer (d. 1999) *1930 - Odetta, singer *1932 - Mildred Scheel, physician, founder of Deutsche Krebshilfe (d. 1985) *1932 - George Schlatter, television producer *1937 - Avram Hershko, Israeli biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry *1937 - Anthony Hopkins, actor *1938 - Rosalind Cash *1941 - Alex Ferguson, football player and manager *1943 - John Denver, country/pop musician (d. 1997) *1943 - Ben Kingsley, actor *1945 - Taylor Hackford, producer, director *1945 - Diane von Fürstenberg, fashion designer *1947 - Burton Cummings, musician ("The Guess Who") * 1947 - Tim Matheson, actor *1948 - Donna Summer, singer *1951 - George Thorogood, musician *1953 - James Remar, American actor *1953 - Jane Badler, American actress *1958 - Bebe Neuwirth, American actress *1959 - Val Kilmer, American actor *1960 - John Allen Muhammad, convicted Beltway sniper attacks *1963 - Scott Ian, lead singer of Anthrax (band) *1971 - Brent Barry, National Basketball Association basketball player ==Deaths== *192 - Commodus, Roman Emperors (b. 161) *1164 - Margrave Ottokar III of Styria *1194 - Leopold V of Austria (Babenberg) (killed at a tournament) (b. 1157) *1384 - John Wyclif, English theologian (b. 1328) *1510 - Bianca Maria Sforza, daughter of Duke Galeazzo Maria Sforza of Dukes of Milan and wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor *1568 - Shimazu Tadayoshi, Japanese daimyo (b. 1493) *1877 - Gustave Courbet, French painter (b. 1819) *1888 - Samson Raphael Hirsch, Rabbi (b. 1888) *1936 - Miguel de Unamuno, Spanish writer, philosopher *1948 - Malcolm Campbell, Grand Prix race car driver (b. 1885) *1969 - George Lewis (clarinetist), jazz musician (b. 1900) *1972 - Roberto Clemente, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1934) *1980 - Marshall McLuhan, Canadian writer (b. 1911) * 1980 - Raoul Walsh, film director *1985 - Rick Nelson, singer (b. 1940) *1990 - Vasili Lazarev, astronaut (b. 1928) *1993 - Zviad Gamsakhurdia, scientist and writer, first President of the Republic of Georgia (b. 1939) * 1993 - Brandon Teena, murder victim (b. 1972) *1997 - Floyd Cramer, musician * 1997 - Michael Kennedy, son of Robert F. Kennedy, killed in a skiing accident on Aspen Mountain in Colorado. *1999 - Sarah Knauss, dies at the age of 119 years - at death, the world's oldest person alive. (b. 1880). * 1999 - Elliot Richardson, United States politician (b. 1920) *2000 - Alan Cranston, United States politician * 2000 - José Greco, Spanish Flamenco dancer *2003 - Arthur R. von Hippel German-born American scientist and professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology ==Holidays and observances== *The sixth day of Christmas in Western Christianity. *The evening is called New Year's Eve. At 24:00 the beginning of the new year is celebrated, see January 1. *The day and evening are called Hogmanay in Scotland. *Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Sharaf (Honor) - First day of the 16th month of the Bahá'í Calendar == External links == * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/31 BBC: On This Day] * [http://www.tnl.net/when/12/31 Today in History: December 31] ---- December 30 - January 1 - November 30 - January 31 -- historical anniversaries bs:Decembar 31 la:31 Decembris simple:December 31
--User:Maveric149 01:02, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC) MediaWiki:December 31 selected anniversaries - MediaWiki talk:December 31 selected anniversaries - [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=MediaWiki:December_31_selected_anniversaries&action=edit edit] ---- Afaik, the Soviet Union dissolved on Dec 26, right? If noone objects, I will delete this here. --User:Zenogantner 09:36 Dec 27, 2002 (UTC) By all means please do. That is embarrassing. --User:Maveric149 :Done. Weekend starts NOW! --User:Zenogantner == see also == why does this article say, See also: November 30 - January 31? What is so important about linking December 31 with the last day of the most recent and the next month? User:Kingturtle 08:41, 31 Dec 2003 (UTC) :It is part of the template (which I had no part in making). I guess it is for navigation... --User:Maveric149 ::Who created the template? Are they still around wikipedia? I'd like to know the reasoning. As I see it tonight, I think those two dates should be removed, because they are confusing. User:Kingturtle 09:03, 31 Dec 2003 (UTC) ---- Moved birth from article: *1980 - Fernando Courmanian, football player, economist and sport businessman Unverifiable; only Googlits are for this Wikipedia article. User:Lupo 12:16, 20 Apr 2004 (UTC)
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Words begining with December_31:
December_31
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December_31st
December_31_selected_anniversaries
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December 31
December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. It is the final day of the Gregorian year. ==Events== *406 - Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gaul. *1600 - British East India Company is chartered. *1687 - The first Huguenots set sail from France to the Cape of Good Hope. *1695 - A window tax is imposed in England, causing many shopkeepers to brick up their windows to avoid the tax. *1775 - American Revolutionary War: British forces repulse an attack by Continental Army generals Richard Montgomery and Benedict Arnold at the Battle of Quebec (1775). *1857 - Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom chooses Ottawa, Ontario, as the capital of Canada *1862 - American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln signs an act that admits West Virginia to the Union (thus dividing Virginia in two); meanwhile, the Battle of Stones River is fought near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. *1879 - Thomas Edison demonstrates incandescent lighting to the public for the first time (Menlo Park, New Jersey). *1904 - The first New Year's Eve celebration is held in Times Square, then known as Longacre Square, in New York, New York. *1916 - The Hampton Terrace Hotel, North Augusta in North Augusta, South Carolina, one of the largest and most luxurious hotels in the USA at the time, burns to the ground. *1929 - Guy Lombardo plays ''Auld Lang Syne'' for the first time *1944 - World War II: Hungary declares war on Germany *1946 - President Harry Truman officially proclaims an end of hostilities in World War II. *1955 - General Motors becomes the first American corporation to make over United States dollars $1 billion in a year. *1960 - The farthing coin, used in Britain since the 13th century, ceases to be legal tender. *1961 - The Marshall Plan expires after distributing more than United States dollars $12 billion in foreign aid to rebuild Europe. *1963 - Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland officially collapsed, and eventually became Zambia, Malawi and Rhodesia. *1968 - Marien Ngouabi assumed the presidency of the Republic of the Congo. *1972 - Roberto Clemente died in a plane crash en route to deliver aid to earthquake victims in Nicaragua. *1983 - The last day that the AT&T Bell System exists before being broken up by the United States Government. *1986 - A fire at the Dupont Plaza Hotel in San Juan, Puerto Rico, kills 97 and injures 140. *1988 - Mario Lemieux of the Pittsburgh Penguins becomes the first player in National Hockey League history to score one goal of each type in a single hockey game: a even-strength goal, a power-play goal, a short-handed goal, a penalty shot, and an empty-net goal. *1990 - Russian Garry Kasparov holds his title by winning the World Chess Championship match against his countryman Anatoly Karpov. *1991 - The Soviet Union officially dissolves. *1992 - In the last of the great ITV franchise renewals, Thames Television, Television South West and Television South cease broadcasting, replaced by Carlton Television, Westcountry Television and Meridian Television respectively. *1995 - The publication of the last new Calvin and Hobbes cartoon strip. *1999 - Boris Yeltsin resigns as President of Russia, to be replaced by Vladimir Putin *1999 - Five hijacking, who had been holding 155 hostages on an Indian Airlines plane, leave the plane with two Islamic clerics that they had demanded be freed. *1999 - The Panama Canal comes completely under Panama's jurisdiction. ==Births== *1378 - Pope Callixtus III (d. 1458) *1491 - Jacques Cartier, French explorer (d. 1557) *1514 - Vesalius , physician (d. 1564) *1790 - Antoine Adamberger, actress (d. 1867) *1869 - Henri Matisse, painter and graphic artist (d. 1954) *1880 - George Marshall, recipient of Nobel Prize/Peace 1953 for the Marshall Plan (d. 1959) *1881 - Max Pechstein, painter and graphic artist (d. 1955) *1894 - Pola Negri, Polish actress (d. 1987) *1903 - Nathan Milstein, Ukrainian violinist (d. 1992) *1905 - Jule Styne, composer (d. 1994) *1908 - Simon Wiesenthal, concentration camp survivor, activist *1910 - Carl Dudley, American movie director (died 1973) *1919 - Tommy Byrne (baseball), Major League Baseball player *1920 - Rex Allen, actor, singer (d. 1999) *1930 - Odetta, singer *1932 - Mildred Scheel, physician, founder of Deutsche Krebshilfe (d. 1985) *1932 - George Schlatter, television producer *1937 - Avram Hershko, Israeli biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry *1937 - Anthony Hopkins, actor *1938 - Rosalind Cash *1941 - Alex Ferguson, football player and manager *1943 - John Denver, country/pop musician (d. 1997) *1943 - Ben Kingsley, actor *1945 - Taylor Hackford, producer, director *1945 - Diane von Fürstenberg, fashion designer *1947 - Burton Cummings, musician ("The Guess Who") * 1947 - Tim Matheson, actor *1948 - Donna Summer, singer *1951 - George Thorogood, musician *1953 - James Remar, American actor *1953 - Jane Badler, American actress *1958 - Bebe Neuwirth, American actress *1959 - Val Kilmer, American actor *1960 - John Allen Muhammad, convicted Beltway sniper attacks *1963 - Scott Ian, lead singer of Anthrax (band) *1971 - Brent Barry, National Basketball Association basketball player ==Deaths== *192 - Commodus, Roman Emperors (b. 161) *1164 - Margrave Ottokar III of Styria *1194 - Leopold V of Austria (Babenberg) (killed at a tournament) (b. 1157) *1384 - John Wyclif, English theologian (b. 1328) *1510 - Bianca Maria Sforza, daughter of Duke Galeazzo Maria Sforza of Dukes of Milan and wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor *1568 - Shimazu Tadayoshi, Japanese daimyo (b. 1493) *1877 - Gustave Courbet, French painter (b. 1819) *1888 - Samson Raphael Hirsch, Rabbi (b. 1888) *1936 - Miguel de Unamuno, Spanish writer, philosopher *1948 - Malcolm Campbell, Grand Prix race car driver (b. 1885) *1969 - George Lewis (clarinetist), jazz musician (b. 1900) *1972 - Roberto Clemente, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1934) *1980 - Marshall McLuhan, Canadian writer (b. 1911) * 1980 - Raoul Walsh, film director *1985 - Rick Nelson, singer (b. 1940) *1990 - Vasili Lazarev, astronaut (b. 1928) *1993 - Zviad Gamsakhurdia, scientist and writer, first President of the Republic of Georgia (b. 1939) * 1993 - Brandon Teena, murder victim (b. 1972) *1997 - Floyd Cramer, musician * 1997 - Michael Kennedy, son of Robert F. Kennedy, killed in a skiing accident on Aspen Mountain in Colorado. *1999 - Sarah Knauss, dies at the age of 119 years - at death, the world's oldest person alive. (b. 1880). * 1999 - Elliot Richardson, United States politician (b. 1920) *2000 - Alan Cranston, United States politician * 2000 - José Greco, Spanish Flamenco dancer *2003 - Arthur R. von Hippel German-born American scientist and professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology ==Holidays and observances== *The sixth day of Christmas in Western Christianity. *The evening is called New Year's Eve. At 24:00 the beginning of the new year is celebrated, see January 1. *The day and evening are called Hogmanay in Scotland. *Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Sharaf (Honor) - First day of the 16th month of the Bahá'í Calendar == External links == * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/31 BBC: On This Day] * [http://www.tnl.net/when/12/31 Today in History: December 31] ---- December 30 - January 1 - November 30 - January 31 -- historical anniversaries bs:Decembar 31 la:31 Decembris simple:December 31
December 31
--User:Maveric149 01:02, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC) MediaWiki:December 31 selected anniversaries - MediaWiki talk:December 31 selected anniversaries - [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=MediaWiki:December_31_selected_anniversaries&action=edit edit] ---- Afaik, the Soviet Union dissolved on Dec 26, right? If noone objects, I will delete this here. --User:Zenogantner 09:36 Dec 27, 2002 (UTC) By all means please do. That is embarrassing. --User:Maveric149 :Done. Weekend starts NOW! --User:Zenogantner == see also == why does this article say, See also: November 30 - January 31? What is so important about linking December 31 with the last day of the most recent and the next month? User:Kingturtle 08:41, 31 Dec 2003 (UTC) :It is part of the template (which I had no part in making). I guess it is for navigation... --User:Maveric149 ::Who created the template? Are they still around wikipedia? I'd like to know the reasoning. As I see it tonight, I think those two dates should be removed, because they are confusing. User:Kingturtle 09:03, 31 Dec 2003 (UTC) ---- Moved birth from article: *1980 - Fernando Courmanian, football player, economist and sport businessman Unverifiable; only Googlits are for this Wikipedia article. User:Lupo 12:16, 20 Apr 2004 (UTC)
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