
:''For the languages, see Creole language'' The term ''Creole'' is used with different meanings in different contexts, which can generate confusion. Generally it refers to a people or a culture that is distinctive or local to a region, but with various additional shades of meaning. ==Latin American Creole== In most of Latin America ''Creole'' (Spanish language, ''criollo'', Portuguese language, ''crioulo'') generally refers to people of unmixed Spanish people or Portuguese people descent born in the New World. In Brazil, though, the word is a pejorative slang for a blacks individual. Throughout the Spanish colonization of the Americas of Latin America, the Spanish caste system made distinction between ''criollos'' and the higher-ranking and governing ''peninsulares'', despite both being of pure Spanish ancestry — the only distinction being that the latter were born on the Iberian Peninsula, hence the name. This formed a discontented ''criollo'' underclass that, together with the support of the other decreasing-in-rank underclasses — mestizo, mulatto, amerindian, zambo and ultimately black Slavery — impelled the Mexican War of Independence (1810–1821) and the South American Wars of Independence (1810–1825) against Spain, culminating in the establishment of republics throughout the former Spanish Empire. In Brazil, a very different process occurred, independence largely being granted without war, and the relationship between unmixed Portuguese and Mestizo#Latin America kept peaceful. Unlike in Spanish America, a Brazilian Empire directly connected to the Portuguese monarchy was established. Those unmixed Portuguese born in Portugal living in Brazil were deemed ''Galegos'' (in reference to the northern Portuguese origin of most, but also used on those born in south Portugal). =="Filipino" Creoles== During the colonial era of the Philippines, the term "Filipino" served the same purpose as the term "Criollo" in Latin America, though there it implied the birth of the unmixed Spaniard was in the Philippines. "Insular" had a synonymous meaning with "Filipino", and also implied the birth of a Spaniard on the islands. Those Spaniards that were born in Europe were still denominated "Peninsulares". The term "Filipino" was drastically changed during the Philippine Revolution when it was taken by nationalistic natives from the governing Spanish and Spanish-mestizo minority, and was transformed into a national designation to include the native majority as well. Today, "Filipino" stands for the exact opposite of its colonial meaning, and is now used in reference for the population majority, the unmixed native Malay people of the archipelago, while ironically it now somewhat excludes the 1% mixed Spanish-descended minority (Spanish-mestizos) who are seen, and often regard themselves, as foreigners. The population of Spanish-Mestizo#The Philippines (native Malay people and Spain or Mexico) in the Philippines has never accounted for more than 1% of the demographics of the Philippines. Meanwhile, numbers of creoles have always accounted for even fewer than the Spanish-mestizos, and today number only 17,000 (0.02%) amid a population of native Filipinos not far from 90 million. ==New Orleans and Louisiana Creole== In this context the word refers to people of any race or mixture thereof who are descended from settlers in Louisiana before it became part of the United States in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase, or to the culture and cuisine typical of these people. Some writers from other parts of the USA have mistakenly assumed the term to refer only to people of mixed racial descent, but this is not the traditional Louisiana usage. In fact some locals, especially those of pure Spanish and French Creole descent, have often argued that the traditional usage excluded African lineage. However, Colonial era documents show that a broader usage of the term was already common by the late 18th century, with references to "free Creoles of Color" and even to slaves of pure African descent born in Louisiana as "Creole slaves". It is now accepted that Creole is a broad cultural group of people of all races who share a French or Spanish background. Louisianans who identify themselves as "Creole" are most commonly from historically French language communities with some ancestors who came to Louisiana either directly from France or via the French colonies in the Caribbean; those decended from the Acadians of French Canada are more likely to identify themselves as Cajun than Creole. Creole however is now usually still used to indentify a person of Spanish, French, or African origin. White or blacks can both be creoles. A definition from the earliest history in New Orleans; ie, circa 1718; is: a child born in the colony as opposed to France. The definition became more codified after the United States took control of the city and Louisiana, 1803. The Creoles, by that time included the Spanish ruling class, who ruled from the mid-1700s until 1800. By 1850, however, after many years of pejorative slights by the new "American" émigrés, the term included, in a more common way, persons of different and/or mixed ethnicities and races. For example, early German immigrants, who settled along the “German Coast” of the Mississippi River above New Orleans, were referred to as Creole. By 1850, the French people and Spanish people Creoles lost political power, and the term became increasingly inclusive of anyone or anything from the city; eg, people, animals, architecture, etc. ==Alaska Creole== People of mixed Native American (esp. Alaskan) and European (esp. Russian) ancestry. The intermingling of promyshleniki men and Aleut women in the late 18th century gave rise to a people who assumed a prominent position in the economy of fur trading in the northern Pacific. ==Portuguese Creole== People of mixed Portuguese people and native ancestry that Portuguese had contact since the 15th century, and who spoke a Portuguese Creole language. Mixed Portuguese and African ancestry. * Guinea-Bissau Creole (Crioulo) * Ziguinchor Creole (Fijus di Terra, Fijus di Fidalgu, Portuguis) * Cape Verde Creole (Crioulo) * São Tomé and Príncipe Creole (Crioulo, Forro) Mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry. * China Creole (Filhos di Macau, Macanese) * Malaysia Creole (Portuguese-Malay, Gente Kristang) * India Creole (Portuguese-Indian) * Sri Lanka Creole (Portuguese Bhurger) People of mixed Portuguese and Native ancestry that the Portuguese had contact with since the 15th century but who didn't speak a Portuguese creole are known as ''mulatto'', ''mestizo'', ''caboclos'' and ''pardos''. * Angolan ''mulato'' or ''mestiço'' * Mozambican ''mulato'' or ''mestiço'' * Brazilian ''mulato'', ''mestiço'', ''caboclo'' or ''pardo'' See also: Portuguese Creole ==Caribbean creole== In the Caribbean region the term creole is used to describe anyone, regardless of race or ethnicity, that was born and raised in the region. It also refers to the syncretism of the various cultures (African, France, Britain and Spain among others) which influenced the area. This is also referred to as the creolization of society "due to its ability to suggest some of the complex sociocultural issues also involved in the process".(Manuel,p14) Linguistically speaking,it denotes the evolution of the blending of two or more languages to form a distinct new language that becomes the primary language of future generations. In Reunion island, in the Indian ocean, the term denotes someone whose ancestry is so mixed that they don't belong to the other categories (small white, big white, pakistani, indian, chinese, and so on). Reunionese creole language derives from French, with very few foreign terms, and a highly idiosyncratic development. ==References== * Manuel, Peter (1995) ''Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music From Rumba to Reggae'' Philadelphia: Temple University Press ISBN 1-56639-339-6 Ethnic groups
''In Brazil, a very different process occured, independence was granted without war (only an internal problem in the northern regions that did not accepted independence, that was fastly erased), and the relation between non-mixed Portuguese (now Brazilians) and mixed natives and Portuguese kept peacefull. Unlike in Spanish America, a Brazilian monarchy directly connected with the Portuguese was established. Portuguese borned in Portugal were named Galegos, this name was especially given to northern Portuguese but it was also used to the southern ones.'' ''People of mixed Portuguese and Native ancestry that the Portuguese had contact with since the 15th century but who didn't speak a Portuguese creole are known as mulatos, mestiços, caboclos and pardos.'' ''Angolan mulato or mestiço'' ''Mozambican mulato or mestiço'' ''Brazilian mulato, mestiço, caboclo or pardo'' Seems to me that these two excerpts don't have anything to do with the article. Would anyone tell me why they should stay?--User:Paraiba 05:03, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC) :What's wrong with them? Is anything incorrect? It is in the same level has in Spanish America. In fact, the entire article focus few on creole people. -User:PedroPVZ 09:28, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC) :Sorry, I was a bit rash. No, there's nothing incorrect. It's just that, as far as I know, the word "crioulo" has always been a derogative term for black people in Brazil. I've never seen any Brazilian historian refer to these people as "crioulos". I think there should be a little clarification on this.--User:Paraiba 03:28, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC) == Mixed Languages == What are the differences between mixed languages, creoles and pidgins? They are three different families at [http://www.ethnologue.org/family_index.asp Ethnologue].
#redirect Creole
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Creole:
Creole
Creole
Créole
CreoleBelles1900.jpeg
Creoles
Creole_case
Creole_cuisine
Creole_English
Creole_English
Creole_from_Spanish_or_Machaco_language
Creole_language
Creole_language
Creole_languages
Creole_Pig
Creole
:''For the languages, see Creole language'' The term ''Creole'' is used with different meanings in different contexts, which can generate confusion. Generally it refers to a people or a culture that is distinctive or local to a region, but with various additional shades of meaning. ==Latin American Creole== In most of Latin America ''Creole'' (Spanish language, ''criollo'', Portuguese language, ''crioulo'') generally refers to people of unmixed Spanish people or Portuguese people descent born in the New World. In Brazil, though, the word is a pejorative slang for a blacks individual. Throughout the Spanish colonization of the Americas of Latin America, the Spanish caste system made distinction between ''criollos'' and the higher-ranking and governing ''peninsulares'', despite both being of pure Spanish ancestry — the only distinction being that the latter were born on the Iberian Peninsula, hence the name. This formed a discontented ''criollo'' underclass that, together with the support of the other decreasing-in-rank underclasses — mestizo, mulatto, amerindian, zambo and ultimately black Slavery — impelled the Mexican War of Independence (1810–1821) and the South American Wars of Independence (1810–1825) against Spain, culminating in the establishment of republics throughout the former Spanish Empire. In Brazil, a very different process occurred, independence largely being granted without war, and the relationship between unmixed Portuguese and Mestizo#Latin America kept peaceful. Unlike in Spanish America, a Brazilian Empire directly connected to the Portuguese monarchy was established. Those unmixed Portuguese born in Portugal living in Brazil were deemed ''Galegos'' (in reference to the northern Portuguese origin of most, but also used on those born in south Portugal). =="Filipino" Creoles== During the colonial era of the Philippines, the term "Filipino" served the same purpose as the term "Criollo" in Latin America, though there it implied the birth of the unmixed Spaniard was in the Philippines. "Insular" had a synonymous meaning with "Filipino", and also implied the birth of a Spaniard on the islands. Those Spaniards that were born in Europe were still denominated "Peninsulares". The term "Filipino" was drastically changed during the Philippine Revolution when it was taken by nationalistic natives from the governing Spanish and Spanish-mestizo minority, and was transformed into a national designation to include the native majority as well. Today, "Filipino" stands for the exact opposite of its colonial meaning, and is now used in reference for the population majority, the unmixed native Malay people of the archipelago, while ironically it now somewhat excludes the 1% mixed Spanish-descended minority (Spanish-mestizos) who are seen, and often regard themselves, as foreigners. The population of Spanish-Mestizo#The Philippines (native Malay people and Spain or Mexico) in the Philippines has never accounted for more than 1% of the demographics of the Philippines. Meanwhile, numbers of creoles have always accounted for even fewer than the Spanish-mestizos, and today number only 17,000 (0.02%) amid a population of native Filipinos not far from 90 million. ==New Orleans and Louisiana Creole== In this context the word refers to people of any race or mixture thereof who are descended from settlers in Louisiana before it became part of the United States in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase, or to the culture and cuisine typical of these people. Some writers from other parts of the USA have mistakenly assumed the term to refer only to people of mixed racial descent, but this is not the traditional Louisiana usage. In fact some locals, especially those of pure Spanish and French Creole descent, have often argued that the traditional usage excluded African lineage. However, Colonial era documents show that a broader usage of the term was already common by the late 18th century, with references to "free Creoles of Color" and even to slaves of pure African descent born in Louisiana as "Creole slaves". It is now accepted that Creole is a broad cultural group of people of all races who share a French or Spanish background. Louisianans who identify themselves as "Creole" are most commonly from historically French language communities with some ancestors who came to Louisiana either directly from France or via the French colonies in the Caribbean; those decended from the Acadians of French Canada are more likely to identify themselves as Cajun than Creole. Creole however is now usually still used to indentify a person of Spanish, French, or African origin. White or blacks can both be creoles. A definition from the earliest history in New Orleans; ie, circa 1718; is: a child born in the colony as opposed to France. The definition became more codified after the United States took control of the city and Louisiana, 1803. The Creoles, by that time included the Spanish ruling class, who ruled from the mid-1700s until 1800. By 1850, however, after many years of pejorative slights by the new "American" émigrés, the term included, in a more common way, persons of different and/or mixed ethnicities and races. For example, early German immigrants, who settled along the “German Coast” of the Mississippi River above New Orleans, were referred to as Creole. By 1850, the French people and Spanish people Creoles lost political power, and the term became increasingly inclusive of anyone or anything from the city; eg, people, animals, architecture, etc. ==Alaska Creole== People of mixed Native American (esp. Alaskan) and European (esp. Russian) ancestry. The intermingling of promyshleniki men and Aleut women in the late 18th century gave rise to a people who assumed a prominent position in the economy of fur trading in the northern Pacific. ==Portuguese Creole== People of mixed Portuguese people and native ancestry that Portuguese had contact since the 15th century, and who spoke a Portuguese Creole language. Mixed Portuguese and African ancestry. * Guinea-Bissau Creole (Crioulo) * Ziguinchor Creole (Fijus di Terra, Fijus di Fidalgu, Portuguis) * Cape Verde Creole (Crioulo) * São Tomé and Príncipe Creole (Crioulo, Forro) Mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry. * China Creole (Filhos di Macau, Macanese) * Malaysia Creole (Portuguese-Malay, Gente Kristang) * India Creole (Portuguese-Indian) * Sri Lanka Creole (Portuguese Bhurger) People of mixed Portuguese and Native ancestry that the Portuguese had contact with since the 15th century but who didn't speak a Portuguese creole are known as ''mulatto'', ''mestizo'', ''caboclos'' and ''pardos''. * Angolan ''mulato'' or ''mestiço'' * Mozambican ''mulato'' or ''mestiço'' * Brazilian ''mulato'', ''mestiço'', ''caboclo'' or ''pardo'' See also: Portuguese Creole ==Caribbean creole== In the Caribbean region the term creole is used to describe anyone, regardless of race or ethnicity, that was born and raised in the region. It also refers to the syncretism of the various cultures (African, France, Britain and Spain among others) which influenced the area. This is also referred to as the creolization of society "due to its ability to suggest some of the complex sociocultural issues also involved in the process".(Manuel,p14) Linguistically speaking,it denotes the evolution of the blending of two or more languages to form a distinct new language that becomes the primary language of future generations. In Reunion island, in the Indian ocean, the term denotes someone whose ancestry is so mixed that they don't belong to the other categories (small white, big white, pakistani, indian, chinese, and so on). Reunionese creole language derives from French, with very few foreign terms, and a highly idiosyncratic development. ==References== * Manuel, Peter (1995) ''Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music From Rumba to Reggae'' Philadelphia: Temple University Press ISBN 1-56639-339-6 Ethnic groups
Creole
''In Brazil, a very different process occured, independence was granted without war (only an internal problem in the northern regions that did not accepted independence, that was fastly erased), and the relation between non-mixed Portuguese (now Brazilians) and mixed natives and Portuguese kept peacefull. Unlike in Spanish America, a Brazilian monarchy directly connected with the Portuguese was established. Portuguese borned in Portugal were named Galegos, this name was especially given to northern Portuguese but it was also used to the southern ones.'' ''People of mixed Portuguese and Native ancestry that the Portuguese had contact with since the 15th century but who didn't speak a Portuguese creole are known as mulatos, mestiços, caboclos and pardos.'' ''Angolan mulato or mestiço'' ''Mozambican mulato or mestiço'' ''Brazilian mulato, mestiço, caboclo or pardo'' Seems to me that these two excerpts don't have anything to do with the article. Would anyone tell me why they should stay?--User:Paraiba 05:03, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC) :What's wrong with them? Is anything incorrect? It is in the same level has in Spanish America. In fact, the entire article focus few on creole people. -User:PedroPVZ 09:28, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC) :Sorry, I was a bit rash. No, there's nothing incorrect. It's just that, as far as I know, the word "crioulo" has always been a derogative term for black people in Brazil. I've never seen any Brazilian historian refer to these people as "crioulos". I think there should be a little clarification on this.--User:Paraiba 03:28, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC) == Mixed Languages == What are the differences between mixed languages, creoles and pidgins? They are three different families at [http://www.ethnologue.org/family_index.asp Ethnologue].
Créole
#redirect Creole
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
C
CA | CB | CD | CE | CF | CG | CH | CI | CJ | CK | CL | CM | CN | CO | CP | CR | CS | CT | CU | CW | CX | CY | CZ |Words begining with Creole:
Creole
Creole
Créole
CreoleBelles1900.jpeg
Creoles
Creole_case
Creole_cuisine
Creole_English
Creole_English
Creole_from_Spanish_or_Machaco_language
Creole_language
Creole_language
Creole_languages
Creole_Pig
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