The Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist) (CPC-ML) is a Canada federal political party whose platform is the promotion of socialism. Its historical orientation is Anti-Revisionist (or Stalinist) though it has become less doctrinaire in recent years and more populism. The party is registered with Elections Canada as the Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada. Elections Canada, the Canadian government agency that oversees elections and political parties, claimed that, in order to avoid confusion among voters, it could not allow registration of names that could cause confusion for voters with other parties. In this case, Elections Canada argues that allowing the party to use its preferred name could cause confusion with the Communist Party of Canada. ==History and ideology== Hardial Bains founded ''the Internationalists'' at the University of British Columbia on March 13 1963. Bains had earlier been denied a membership in the Communist Party of Canada and had sided with the People's Republic of China in the emerging Sino-Soviet split. The Internationalists were initially a Maoist student group but, as a result of their growth, they declared themselves a formal political party on March 31 1970 and changed their name to the Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist). The party first ran candidates for the Canadian House of Commons during the Canadian federal election, 1974 but has had to run them as candidates of the "Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada" after Elections Canada ruled that the party's preferred name was too close to that of the Communist Party of Canada. However, the party continues to call itself the CPC-ML outside of its federal electoral activities. During the 1970s, the party made a practice of sending members into student newspapers on Canadian university campuses. Members would attempt to capture these papers and use them to promote CPC-ML ideas and policies -- including its support for the Enver Hoxha -- under the slogans "Defend the Basic Interest of the Students!" and "Make the Rich Pay!". The party succeeded in capturing only one student newspaper, ''The Chevron'', at the University of Waterloo, in Waterloo, Ontario. The take-over was led by Neil Docherty and Larry Hannant. After several years of intense disruption at the paper and on campus, students at Waterloo voted to disenfranchise ''The Chevron'', which was then expelled from Canadian University Press, the student press cooperative in Canada, in December 1979. ''The Chevron'' ceased to be the student newspaper at the University of Waterloo and was replaced by ''The Imprint''. CPC-ML attemped but failed to capture other student newspapers, including ''The Varsity'' at the University of Toronto. Bains was leader of the CPC-ML until his death in 1997 and his personality was the driving force behind the CPC-ML. Its ideological trajectory followed his own from Maoism and support for the People's Republic of China against what it saw as the revisionist (or Khruschevite) Soviet Union. The party sided with Albania during the Sino-Albanian split that came two years after the death of Mao Zedong. CPC-ML reoriented itself as a Stalinist party holding up the theories of Enver Hoxha and the Party of Labour of Albania until the collapse of the Communist and post-Communist Albania in 1992. During the 1980s, the CPC-ML adopted a slogan of, "We are our own models," and began to seek a new ideological approach. Because of differences in theory, the CPC and CPC-ML have routinely been at odds on many matters. ==Current position== Today, the CPC-ML tends to be supportive of North Korea, although it does not promote Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong-il or Juche Thought in the manner that it promoted Hoxha and Mao in previous years. The CPC-ML has developed a more independent line since the collapse of the Soviet bloc prior to which it had a very stridently anti-revisionist position viewing the Soviet bloc as state capitalism and equivalent to the western bloc. Bains visited Cuba several times in the 1990s which led him (and the CPC-ML) to revise his earlier views of Cuba as revisionism. The CPC-ML has become strongly supportive of Cuba and the Cuban Revolution and now has close relations with the Cuban Embassy in Ottawa and prints the English language edition of the Cuban Communist Party's newspaper, ''Granma'', for Canadian distribution. On January 1, 1995, the party put forward a broad program of work for the current period, which it has named the ''Historic Initiative''. This was further elaborated during its Seventh Congress. Since 1997, the party's leader has been Bains' widow, Sandra L. Smith. The CPC-ML is active in several trade unions, particularly the Canadian Union of Postal Workers and the United Steelworkers of America whose important Stelco local (Local 1005) in Hamilton, Ontario is led by Rolf Gerstenberger, a party member. Local 1005 is one of several USWA locals at Stelco. USWA officials rely on other Stelco local officials to act as official spokespeople for the union in its dealings with the company and the courts, effectively isolating Gerstenberger. However, Gerstenberger has received support from Carolyn Egan, writing in Socialist Worker, the official propaganda organ of International Socialists, a Trotskyist group. Egan, a member of the IS central steering committee, is president of USWA Local 8300, based in Toronto, and of the Steelworkers Toronto Area Council, an ad hoc committee of Toronto area local activists. CPC-ML has also been active in the movement against the war in Iraq. The party, if elected, would establish a Citizen's Committee for Democratic Renewal, or CCDR, that would nominate candidates for federal office. This would remove the process from the control of each political party's riding association, and establish what they see as a more equitable approach to the issue of democracy. In recent years the party has become less doctrinaire, eschewing quotations from Mao, Stalin, Lenin or Hoxha in favour of what it calls "Contemporary Marxist-Leninist Thought". Its Eighth Party Congress will be held in 2005 with the theme, "Building a mass Communist Party". The CPC-ML has a newsheet, ''The Marxist-Leninist Daily'', a youth wing, the Communist Youth Union of Canada (Marxist-Leninist) and also operates the "Workers Centre" which helps educate and organize trade unionists through discussion groups, and a magazine, ''Worker's Forum''. The party often conducts broader political activity under the name "People's Front" and uses that name for the British Columbia provincial wing of the party. (see People's Front (Canada). In Ontario provincial elections, CPC-ML supporters have most recently run as Independent Renewal candidates, 2003 Ontario provincial election. ==Electoral activity== The party has run candidates in Canadian federal elections since 1972, with the number of candidates in any one election ranging from as few as 51 and as many as 177. Most of its candidates have run in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. It was most prominent in the Canadian federal election, 1979 and Canadian federal election, 1980, running under the slogan "Make the rich pay". Its slogan in the Canadian federal election, 2004 was "Annexation no! Sovereignty yes!" {| border="1" cellpadding="2" ! Election ! # of candidates nominated ! # of seats won ! # of total votes ! % of popular vote |- ! Canadian federal election, 1974 | 104
| 0
| 16,261
| 0.17%
|-
! Canadian federal election, 1979
| 144
| 0
| 14,231
| 0.12%
|-
! Canadian federal election, 1980
| 177
| 0
| 14,697
| 0.13%
|-
! Canadian federal election, 1993
| 51
| 0
| 5,202
| 0.04%
|-
! Canadian federal election, 1997
| 65
| 0
| 11,468
| 0.09%
|-
! Canadian federal election, 2000
| 84
| 0
| 12,081
| 0.09%
|-
! Canadian federal election, 2004
| 76
| 0
| 9,065
| 0.07%
|}
The party also nominated candidates in several by-elections:
1980: 1
1995: 2
1998: 1
==See also==
* Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist) (in Manitoba)
* People's Front (British Columbia)
* Independent Renewal candidates, 2003 Ontario provincial election
==External links==
*[http://www.cpcml.ca/ The Marxist-Leninist Homepage]
*[http://www.socialist.ca Web site of International Socialists]
*[http://www.uswa.ca Web site of United Steelworkers]
Canadian federal political parties
Communist parties
Canadian socialist organizations
==Canadian Party for Renewal== Does anyone know the exact relationship between the CPC-ML and the Canadian Party for Renewal? This is what I currently know: In 1993, a group associated with the CPC-ML attempted to register a separate political party called the Canadian Party for Renewal. (I can remember this because of a brief meeting with Elaine Couto, a perennial CPC-ML candidate, who tried to sell me on the new party in late March '93 -- I was having supper at McMaster University at the time, she was walking from table to table handing out cards.) The party was unable to field 50 candidates, and did not formally contest the 1993 federal election. A number of CPR candidates ran as independents, however. I initially thought that the CPR was simply the CPC-ML under a different name ... but I've discovered that the CPC-ML also ran official candidates in 1993. This would seem to imply that they were separate parties ... except that several CPR candidates from 1993 ran for the CPC-ML in 1997, 2000 and 2004. There was also an "Ontario Renewal Party", led by Diane Johnston in 1995. Johnston is a perennial CPC-ML candidate, who also ran as an official M-L candidate in the 1993 federal election. In 2003, the CPC-ML endorsed ten "Independent Renewal" candidates in Ontario's provincial election. They also appear to have endorsed "Renewal" candidates in 1999. This leaves me with two "educated guesses" on the relationship between the parties: (i) The CPR was a temporary breakaway group from the CPC-ML, and its members rejoined the CPC-ML later in the 1990s. (ii) The CPR was actually the CPC-ML under a different name, as the party was attempting to broaden its support base with a "parallel organization". Does anyone know the answer? User:CJCurrie 04:17, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC) Update: I've now discovered that the CPC-ML wasn't re-registered with Elections Canada until *late* 1993, by which time the CPR had already been floated (and, seemingly, rejected). Perhaps (a third option) the CPR was planned as a front organization for the CPC-ML, and the idea wasn't rejected until some CPC-ML candidates were already registered with Elections Canada as representatives of the new party. Penetrating the mind of Hardial Bains is quite difficult ... User:CJCurrie 04:50, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC) The CPC-ML's 40th anniversary party is in April (1st I think). Perhaps you should try to go;)User:AndyL 13:41, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC) *It'd almost be worth it, just for the historical memorabilia to be had (I wonder if they handle requests for "Albanian retro"). On the other hand, I'd be concerned that Ms. Elaine Couto (see above) would remember me enquiring as to how many training sessions she'd been forced to attend, in order to memorize her extremely pedantic lines on "democratic renewal" and "government of the people". (She really didn't seem happy with me, if memory serves ...) User:CJCurrie 16:54, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist-Leninist):
Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist-Leninist)
Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist-Leninist)
Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist-Leninist)_(in_Manitoba)
Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist)
The Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist) (CPC-ML) is a Canada federal political party whose platform is the promotion of socialism. Its historical orientation is Anti-Revisionist (or Stalinist) though it has become less doctrinaire in recent years and more populism. The party is registered with Elections Canada as the Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada. Elections Canada, the Canadian government agency that oversees elections and political parties, claimed that, in order to avoid confusion among voters, it could not allow registration of names that could cause confusion for voters with other parties. In this case, Elections Canada argues that allowing the party to use its preferred name could cause confusion with the Communist Party of Canada. ==History and ideology== Hardial Bains founded ''the Internationalists'' at the University of British Columbia on March 13 1963. Bains had earlier been denied a membership in the Communist Party of Canada and had sided with the People's Republic of China in the emerging Sino-Soviet split. The Internationalists were initially a Maoist student group but, as a result of their growth, they declared themselves a formal political party on March 31 1970 and changed their name to the Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist). The party first ran candidates for the Canadian House of Commons during the Canadian federal election, 1974 but has had to run them as candidates of the "Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada" after Elections Canada ruled that the party's preferred name was too close to that of the Communist Party of Canada. However, the party continues to call itself the CPC-ML outside of its federal electoral activities. During the 1970s, the party made a practice of sending members into student newspapers on Canadian university campuses. Members would attempt to capture these papers and use them to promote CPC-ML ideas and policies -- including its support for the Enver Hoxha -- under the slogans "Defend the Basic Interest of the Students!" and "Make the Rich Pay!". The party succeeded in capturing only one student newspaper, ''The Chevron'', at the University of Waterloo, in Waterloo, Ontario. The take-over was led by Neil Docherty and Larry Hannant. After several years of intense disruption at the paper and on campus, students at Waterloo voted to disenfranchise ''The Chevron'', which was then expelled from Canadian University Press, the student press cooperative in Canada, in December 1979. ''The Chevron'' ceased to be the student newspaper at the University of Waterloo and was replaced by ''The Imprint''. CPC-ML attemped but failed to capture other student newspapers, including ''The Varsity'' at the University of Toronto. Bains was leader of the CPC-ML until his death in 1997 and his personality was the driving force behind the CPC-ML. Its ideological trajectory followed his own from Maoism and support for the People's Republic of China against what it saw as the revisionist (or Khruschevite) Soviet Union. The party sided with Albania during the Sino-Albanian split that came two years after the death of Mao Zedong. CPC-ML reoriented itself as a Stalinist party holding up the theories of Enver Hoxha and the Party of Labour of Albania until the collapse of the Communist and post-Communist Albania in 1992. During the 1980s, the CPC-ML adopted a slogan of, "We are our own models," and began to seek a new ideological approach. Because of differences in theory, the CPC and CPC-ML have routinely been at odds on many matters. ==Current position== Today, the CPC-ML tends to be supportive of North Korea, although it does not promote Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong-il or Juche Thought in the manner that it promoted Hoxha and Mao in previous years. The CPC-ML has developed a more independent line since the collapse of the Soviet bloc prior to which it had a very stridently anti-revisionist position viewing the Soviet bloc as state capitalism and equivalent to the western bloc. Bains visited Cuba several times in the 1990s which led him (and the CPC-ML) to revise his earlier views of Cuba as revisionism. The CPC-ML has become strongly supportive of Cuba and the Cuban Revolution and now has close relations with the Cuban Embassy in Ottawa and prints the English language edition of the Cuban Communist Party's newspaper, ''Granma'', for Canadian distribution. On January 1, 1995, the party put forward a broad program of work for the current period, which it has named the ''Historic Initiative''. This was further elaborated during its Seventh Congress. Since 1997, the party's leader has been Bains' widow, Sandra L. Smith. The CPC-ML is active in several trade unions, particularly the Canadian Union of Postal Workers and the United Steelworkers of America whose important Stelco local (Local 1005) in Hamilton, Ontario is led by Rolf Gerstenberger, a party member. Local 1005 is one of several USWA locals at Stelco. USWA officials rely on other Stelco local officials to act as official spokespeople for the union in its dealings with the company and the courts, effectively isolating Gerstenberger. However, Gerstenberger has received support from Carolyn Egan, writing in Socialist Worker, the official propaganda organ of International Socialists, a Trotskyist group. Egan, a member of the IS central steering committee, is president of USWA Local 8300, based in Toronto, and of the Steelworkers Toronto Area Council, an ad hoc committee of Toronto area local activists. CPC-ML has also been active in the movement against the war in Iraq. The party, if elected, would establish a Citizen's Committee for Democratic Renewal, or CCDR, that would nominate candidates for federal office. This would remove the process from the control of each political party's riding association, and establish what they see as a more equitable approach to the issue of democracy. In recent years the party has become less doctrinaire, eschewing quotations from Mao, Stalin, Lenin or Hoxha in favour of what it calls "Contemporary Marxist-Leninist Thought". Its Eighth Party Congress will be held in 2005 with the theme, "Building a mass Communist Party". The CPC-ML has a newsheet, ''The Marxist-Leninist Daily'', a youth wing, the Communist Youth Union of Canada (Marxist-Leninist) and also operates the "Workers Centre" which helps educate and organize trade unionists through discussion groups, and a magazine, ''Worker's Forum''. The party often conducts broader political activity under the name "People's Front" and uses that name for the British Columbia provincial wing of the party. (see People's Front (Canada). In Ontario provincial elections, CPC-ML supporters have most recently run as Independent Renewal candidates, 2003 Ontario provincial election. ==Electoral activity== The party has run candidates in Canadian federal elections since 1972, with the number of candidates in any one election ranging from as few as 51 and as many as 177. Most of its candidates have run in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. It was most prominent in the Canadian federal election, 1979 and Canadian federal election, 1980, running under the slogan "Make the rich pay". Its slogan in the Canadian federal election, 2004 was "Annexation no! Sovereignty yes!" {| border="1" cellpadding="2" ! Election ! # of candidates nominated ! # of seats won ! # of total votes ! % of popular vote |- ! Canadian federal election, 1974 |
Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist)
==Canadian Party for Renewal== Does anyone know the exact relationship between the CPC-ML and the Canadian Party for Renewal? This is what I currently know: In 1993, a group associated with the CPC-ML attempted to register a separate political party called the Canadian Party for Renewal. (I can remember this because of a brief meeting with Elaine Couto, a perennial CPC-ML candidate, who tried to sell me on the new party in late March '93 -- I was having supper at McMaster University at the time, she was walking from table to table handing out cards.) The party was unable to field 50 candidates, and did not formally contest the 1993 federal election. A number of CPR candidates ran as independents, however. I initially thought that the CPR was simply the CPC-ML under a different name ... but I've discovered that the CPC-ML also ran official candidates in 1993. This would seem to imply that they were separate parties ... except that several CPR candidates from 1993 ran for the CPC-ML in 1997, 2000 and 2004. There was also an "Ontario Renewal Party", led by Diane Johnston in 1995. Johnston is a perennial CPC-ML candidate, who also ran as an official M-L candidate in the 1993 federal election. In 2003, the CPC-ML endorsed ten "Independent Renewal" candidates in Ontario's provincial election. They also appear to have endorsed "Renewal" candidates in 1999. This leaves me with two "educated guesses" on the relationship between the parties: (i) The CPR was a temporary breakaway group from the CPC-ML, and its members rejoined the CPC-ML later in the 1990s. (ii) The CPR was actually the CPC-ML under a different name, as the party was attempting to broaden its support base with a "parallel organization". Does anyone know the answer? User:CJCurrie 04:17, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC) Update: I've now discovered that the CPC-ML wasn't re-registered with Elections Canada until *late* 1993, by which time the CPR had already been floated (and, seemingly, rejected). Perhaps (a third option) the CPR was planned as a front organization for the CPC-ML, and the idea wasn't rejected until some CPC-ML candidates were already registered with Elections Canada as representatives of the new party. Penetrating the mind of Hardial Bains is quite difficult ... User:CJCurrie 04:50, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC) The CPC-ML's 40th anniversary party is in April (1st I think). Perhaps you should try to go;)User:AndyL 13:41, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC) *It'd almost be worth it, just for the historical memorabilia to be had (I wonder if they handle requests for "Albanian retro"). On the other hand, I'd be concerned that Ms. Elaine Couto (see above) would remember me enquiring as to how many training sessions she'd been forced to attend, in order to memorize her extremely pedantic lines on "democratic renewal" and "government of the people". (She really didn't seem happy with me, if memory serves ...) User:CJCurrie 16:54, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
C
CA | CB | CD | CE | CF | CG | CH | CI | CJ | CK | CL | CM | CN | CO | CP | CR | CS | CT | CU | CW | CX | CY | CZ |Words begining with Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist-Leninist):
Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist-Leninist)
Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist-Leninist)
Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist-Leninist)_(in_Manitoba)
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