
:''This page is about the letter C itself. See their respective pages for the programming language C programming language and its derivatives C Plus Plus, C Sharp programming language, and C omega. For the defunct computer magazine, see C (magazine). For Einstein's constant c, see speed of light. For other specific uses, #Meanings_for_C.'' C is the third letter of the Roman alphabet. In the Etruscan language, plosive consonants had no distinctive phonation, so they took over Greek language Gamma (Gamma) to write their /k/. In the beginning, the Romans used C for both /k/ and /g/, only later adding a horizontal bar at right-center to produce G. It is possible but uncertain that C represented only /g/ at an even earlier time, while K might have been used for /k/. Some scholars claim that the Semitic ג (gîmel) pictured a camel, but most assume it was probably ''gaml'' (a throwing stick/boomerang). ==Phonetic use== /k/ developed palatal consonant and velar consonant allophones in Latin, probably due to Etruscan influence. The Romance languages and English language have a common feature inherited from Vulgar Latin where C takes on either a "hard" or "soft" value depending on the following vowel. In English and French language, C takes the "hard" value voiceless velar plosive finally and before A, O, and U, and the "soft" value voiceless alveolar fricative before E, I, or Y. Romance languages obey similar rules, but the soft value is different in several languages, taking on voiceless dental fricative in European Spanish language and (like English CH) in Italian language and Romanian language. Other languages use C with different values, such as regardless of position in Welsh language, in Fijian language, in Turkish language, Tatar language, Azeri language, in Czech language, Croatian language, Esperanto, Hungarian language, Pinyin Chinese language. There are several common digraphs with C, the most common being CH, which in some languages such as German language is far more common than C alone. In English, CH most commonly takes the value , but can take the value or voiceless velar fricative, usually when transliterating Greek language Χ or Hebrew. CH takes various values in other languages, such as Voiceless palatal fricative, , or in German, Voiceless postalveolar fricative in French language, in Italian, in Mandarin Chinese, and so forth. CK, with the value , is often used after short vowels in Germanic languages such as English, German and Swedish language (but some other Germanic languages use KK instead, such as Dutch language and Norwegian). The digraph CZ is found in Polish language and CS in Hungarian, both representing . As a phonetic symbol, lowercase c is the International Phonetic Alphabet and X-SAMPA symbol for the voiceless palatal plosive, and capital C is the X-SAMPA symbol for the voiceless palatal fricative. ==Alternate representations== Charlie represents the letter C in the NATO phonetic alphabet. In Morse code the letter C is DahDitDahDit: - · - · In Braille the letter C is represented as ⠉ (in Unicode), the dot pattern,
Look at what A and B now have pictures for; why doesn't C have any?? User:66.32.138.124 02:46, 24 Apr 2004 (UTC) Alpha children wear grey. They work much harder than we do, because they're so frightfully clever. I'm awfully glad I'm a Beta, because I don't work so hard. And then we are so much better than the Gammas and Deltas. Gammas are stupid. They all wear green, and Delta children wear khaki. Oh no, I don't want to play with delta children. And Epsilons are still worse. Theyre too stupid to be able to read or write. Besides they wear black, which is such a beastly colour. I'm so glad I'm a Beta --User:Minority Report 14:10, 7 Nov 2004 (UTC) == Strange phrase removed from the main article == ''In Chinese it is used to represent a vocal sound for foreigners not familiar with Ping Ing.'' — User:Monedula 08:45, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC) *I think Ping Ing is supposed to be Pinyin, but all sounds in spoken human languages are by definition vocal so I don't know what this is trying to say. Perhaps "vocal" is supposed to mean "vowel" (cf Spanish ''la vocal'' = 'vowel'). But unfortunately I don't know too much about non-standard Chinese transliteration schemes to know for sure. — User:Livajo | User talk:Livajo 20:14, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with C :
C
:''This page is about the letter C itself. See their respective pages for the programming language C programming language and its derivatives C Plus Plus, C Sharp programming language, and C omega. For the defunct computer magazine, see C (magazine). For Einstein's constant c, see speed of light. For other specific uses, #Meanings_for_C.'' C is the third letter of the Roman alphabet. In the Etruscan language, plosive consonants had no distinctive phonation, so they took over Greek language Gamma (Gamma) to write their /k/. In the beginning, the Romans used C for both /k/ and /g/, only later adding a horizontal bar at right-center to produce G. It is possible but uncertain that C represented only /g/ at an even earlier time, while K might have been used for /k/. Some scholars claim that the Semitic ג (gîmel) pictured a camel, but most assume it was probably ''gaml'' (a throwing stick/boomerang). ==Phonetic use== /k/ developed palatal consonant and velar consonant allophones in Latin, probably due to Etruscan influence. The Romance languages and English language have a common feature inherited from Vulgar Latin where C takes on either a "hard" or "soft" value depending on the following vowel. In English and French language, C takes the "hard" value voiceless velar plosive finally and before A, O, and U, and the "soft" value voiceless alveolar fricative before E, I, or Y. Romance languages obey similar rules, but the soft value is different in several languages, taking on voiceless dental fricative in European Spanish language and (like English CH) in Italian language and Romanian language. Other languages use C with different values, such as regardless of position in Welsh language, in Fijian language, in Turkish language, Tatar language, Azeri language, in Czech language, Croatian language, Esperanto, Hungarian language, Pinyin Chinese language. There are several common digraphs with C, the most common being CH, which in some languages such as German language is far more common than C alone. In English, CH most commonly takes the value , but can take the value or voiceless velar fricative, usually when transliterating Greek language Χ or Hebrew. CH takes various values in other languages, such as Voiceless palatal fricative, , or in German, Voiceless postalveolar fricative in French language, in Italian, in Mandarin Chinese, and so forth. CK, with the value , is often used after short vowels in Germanic languages such as English, German and Swedish language (but some other Germanic languages use KK instead, such as Dutch language and Norwegian). The digraph CZ is found in Polish language and CS in Hungarian, both representing . As a phonetic symbol, lowercase c is the International Phonetic Alphabet and X-SAMPA symbol for the voiceless palatal plosive, and capital C is the X-SAMPA symbol for the voiceless palatal fricative. ==Alternate representations== Charlie represents the letter C in the NATO phonetic alphabet. In Morse code the letter C is DahDitDahDit: - · - · In Braille the letter C is represented as ⠉ (in Unicode), the dot pattern,
XX .. ..===Computing=== In Unicode the majuscule C is codepoint U+0043 and the minuscule c is U+0063. The ASCII code for capital C is 67 and for lowercase c is 99; or in Binary numeral system 01000011 and 01100011, respectively. The EBCDIC code for capital C is 195 and for lowercase c is 131. The numeric character references in HTML and XML are "C" and "c" for upper and lower case respectively. ==Meanings for C== * In baseball, C is the abbreviation for the position of catcher. * In biochemistry, C is the symbol for cysteine and cytosine. * In business, C is a "creation" initial. It is used for the company name etc. in many Japanese companies. * In chemistry, C is the symbol for carbon. * In the CMYK color model, C stands for the color cyan. * In communication, c is an abbreviation for the word "see" in Short message service or instant message. * In computing, C denotes the C programming language. Several of its derivatives have names including the letter C, for example C Plus Plus , Objective-C, and C Sharp programming language . * In currency, c with a vertical bar through it (¢), is the symbol for Cent (currency). * In education, C is an average Grade (education). * In electrical engineering, ** C is the control grid bias power supply (originally a battery) of vacuum tube circuitry. ** C is the variable for capacitance, and is used to label capacitors on schematics. ** C is a standard size of dry-cell battery (electricity). * In espionage, C is the head of MI6. * In finance securities, C is the stock symbol for Citigroup. * In geometry, c is the length of a hypotenuse on a right-angled triangle when using the formula ''a''² + ''b''² = ''c''². * In gold, C is the abbreviation for Carat (purity). * In hardware, a C-clamp is a type of fastener, so called because its shape resembles the capital C. * In history, c is an abbreviation for ''circa''. When used with years, it means about (e.g., "c. 1500" means around the year 1500). * In international relations, C sometimes represents the Commonwealth of Nations. * In List of international license plate codes, C stands for Cuba. * In paper size, C is a series of sizes with an aspect ratio of roughly 70% width to height. This series is primarily used for envelopes. * In mathematics, ** C is often used as a numerical digit meaning ''twelve'' in hexadecimal and other positional numeral systems with a radix of 13 or greater. ** Blackboard bold denotes the set of complex numbers ** C with indices denotes the number of combinations, a binomial coefficient. ** Blackletter denotes the first beth number: the cardinality of the set of real numbers (the "continuum"), or of the power set of natural numbers. * In the Metric system, ** c, centi, is an SI prefix meaning 1/100. ** C is the symbol for coulomb, the SI derived unit for electric charge. * In music, C is a note; see also Middle C * In nutrition, C is a vitamin; see Vitamin C * In physics, ** c is the speed of light. ** c is the symbol of the charm quark. * As the first letter of a postal code, ** In Canada, C stands for Prince Edward Island. * In publishing, c with an enclosing circle, ©, denotes copyright * In rail transport, C is the UIC classification for the railroad locomotive wheel arrangement known as 0-6-0 in the Whyte notation; a locomotive with three powered axles (and thus six wheels) in which the axles are linked by gearing or side rods. * In Roman naming convention, C is the abbreviation for the praenomen Gaius. * In Roman numerals, C denotes one hundred (''centum'' in Latin). * In temperature, °C is the symbol for degrees Celsius. * As a timezone, C is the military designation for UTC+3, also known as MSK or Moscow Time. * In economics, C is usually used to represent consumption. * In Windows, Ctrl-C, and Mac OS, Command-C, copies the selected text, image or sound and places it on the clipboard. ==See also== *cedilla, C-circumflex, Cent (currency) *С : Es (Cyrillic) Latin letters bs:C als:C la:C simple:C vi:C yo:C
C
Look at what A and B now have pictures for; why doesn't C have any?? User:66.32.138.124 02:46, 24 Apr 2004 (UTC) Alpha children wear grey. They work much harder than we do, because they're so frightfully clever. I'm awfully glad I'm a Beta, because I don't work so hard. And then we are so much better than the Gammas and Deltas. Gammas are stupid. They all wear green, and Delta children wear khaki. Oh no, I don't want to play with delta children. And Epsilons are still worse. Theyre too stupid to be able to read or write. Besides they wear black, which is such a beastly colour. I'm so glad I'm a Beta --User:Minority Report 14:10, 7 Nov 2004 (UTC) == Strange phrase removed from the main article == ''In Chinese it is used to represent a vocal sound for foreigners not familiar with Ping Ing.'' — User:Monedula 08:45, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC) *I think Ping Ing is supposed to be Pinyin, but all sounds in spoken human languages are by definition vocal so I don't know what this is trying to say. Perhaps "vocal" is supposed to mean "vowel" (cf Spanish ''la vocal'' = 'vowel'). But unfortunately I don't know too much about non-standard Chinese transliteration schemes to know for sure. — User:Livajo | User talk:Livajo 20:14, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
C
CA | CB | CD | CE | CF | CG | CH | CI | CJ | CK | CL | CM | CN | CO | CP | CR | CS | CT | CU | CW | CX | CY | CZ |Words begining with C :
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