
Bremen [ˈbreːmən] is a city in northern Germany (official name: Freie Hansestadt Bremen#Footnotes, referring to its membership in the medieval Hanseatic League) situated along the Weser River, at . Bremen is one of two towns belonging to the States of Germany of Bremen (state), the other being Bremerhaven. Population: 547,000. ==History == In the 8th century the troops of Charlemagne advanced to the Weser in order to christianise the tribes settling here. Bremen, which may have been an older settlement, became a bishopric#Footnotes; a deed claiming the town's foundation in 788 has now been recognised as a forgery, so the exact date is unknown. In the following centuries the bishops of Bremen were the driving force behind the Christianisation of Scandinavia. In the 12th century the power of the archbishops was challenged by Henry the Lion. The duke was successful and became the factual ruler of the town. These events led to a civil government and a loss of clerical power. Bremen became a merchants' town, and its ships dominated the southern portions of the North Sea. This dominance ended, when the Hanseatic League, originally a trade alliance of the Baltic Sea only, expanded to the North Sea. In the early 14th century ships from Bremen acted as pirates to board hanseatic cogs. In order to avoid open war aldermen from Bremen went to the Hanseatic Council in Lübeck and agreed to becoming members of the league (1358)#Footnotes. Bremen remained a reluctant member of the Hanseatic League. The town demanded support for its wars against the chieftains of Frisia, who ruled the region around the Weser mouth, but they seldom joined campaigns in the Baltic Sea. In 1425 the conflict escalated, when the citizens burnt hanseatic documents on the market place. Bremen was expelled from the league in 1427. The consequences followed soon: the sudden loss of power led to territorial claims of neighbouring states (e.g. Oldenburg) and significant territorial losses. {| align=right | |- | |- | |- | |- | |} In 1620 Germany's first man-made Harbor was built at Vegesack. #Footnotes On March 6, 1901 an assassin attempted to kill Wilhelm II of Germany here. After World War II, Bremen became a part of the American occupation zone since the United States wanted to have one port town within their zone. This prevented the inclusion of Bremen into the new Land of Lower Saxony that was formed around it within the British zone, and secured Bremian independence as a Land of its own right in the new West Germany. === Historical population === :1810: 35,800 inhabitants :1830: 43,700 :1850: 55,100 :1880: 111,900 :1900: 161,200 :1925: 295,000 :1998: 550,000 #Footnotes == Sights == * Town (built 1410 #Footnotes); in front of the town hall there are the statues of Roland (1404) and of the Town Musicians of Bremen (1953). * Cathedral St. Petri (13th century), with sculptures of Moses and David, Saint Peter and Paul of Tarsus, and Charlemagne. * Liebfrauenkirche, oldest church of the town (11th century) * Martinikirche (St. Martin), church on the Weser bank (1229) * Schütting (1538), house of the merchants' guild * Schnoor, a medieval quarter with narrow streets and nostalgic pubs * Schlachte, the medieval harbour of Bremen (the modern port is some kilometres downstream) Modern tourist attractions include * ''Universum Science Center'', a modern science museum * ''botanika'', an extension to a public park that attempts to the same as above ''Universum'' for biology * ''Beck's Beer Factory'', tours are available to the public which include beer tasting * The Space Center opened in 2004 inside the Space Park in the Gröpelingen district and closed on 2004 26 September, since then a remarkable investment ruin. == Constructions == * Mediumwave transmitter Bremen * Fallturm Bremen * Telecommunication Tower Bremen == Miscellaneous == Bremen has a large and famous University of Bremen founded in 1971 #Footnotes, and more recently the International University Bremen, and several high-tech industries have settled in the city. Many of Germany's space technology exports are manufactured in EADS SPACE Transportation facilities in Bremen, such as the Columbus orbital facility module of the International Space Station, Europe's Ariane 5 rocket upper stages and the Automated Transfer Vehicle. There is also a Mercedes-Benz factory in Bremen, building the Mercedes-Benz SL-Class and Mercedes-Benz SLK-Class series of cars. Beck's beer is brewed in Bremen. Bremen has an Bremen Airport situated in the south of the city. It is home of the soccer team SV Werder Bremen which won the German Football Championship for the fourth and the German Football Cup for the fifth time in 2004, making SV Werder Bremen just the fourth team in German football history to win the double. Bremen is famous for a fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm, the Town Musicians of Bremen, although they never actually reach Bremen in the tale. Every year since 1036 in the last two weeks of October Bremen hosts Freimarkt ("Free market"), Germany's oldest and one of today's biggest fairground festival. Bremen is also host to one of the four big annual Techno parades, the Vision Parade, and also the birthplace of the American comedic industrial musician Kompressor. ''See also:'' List of Mayors of Bremen. == External links == * [http://www.bremen.de/ Official city website] * [http://www.uni-bremen.de/ University of Bremen] * [http://www.hs-bremen.de Hochschule or University of applied sciences] * [http://www.iu-bremen.de/ International University Bremen] * [http://www.panorama-cities.net/bremen/bremen.html City Panoramas Bremen] - Panoramic Views of Bremen's Highlights * [http://www.freimarkt.de/en/index.htm Freimarkt website] === History Links === * http://www.genealogy.net/reg/BRE (Genealogical research in Bremen) * http://www.schiffslisten.de (Database: Emigration via Bremen Ports 1920 - 1939) * http://maus.genealogy.net (Die MAUS - Genealogical society of Bremen) ==References== * [http://print.google.com/print?id=mnPfmoPlrwIC&lpg=64&pg=64&sig=6px9XGkkC3_T_P8U2WftxKu8160 page 64]
*
==Footnotes==
*1 #Kohl since 1815
*2 #Kohl claims the Bishopric was created in 787
*3 #Kohl
*4 #Kohl population of around 550,000 in 1998 includes 25,000 students
*5 #Kohl
*6 #Gutmann introduction
Cities in Germany
Bremen (state)
German state capitals
lv:Brēmene
nds:Bremen
Bremen
Bremen [ˈbreːmən] is a city in northern Germany (official name: Freie Hansestadt Bremen#Footnotes, referring to its membership in the medieval Hanseatic League) situated along the Weser River, at . Bremen is one of two towns belonging to the States of Germany of Bremen (state), the other being Bremerhaven. Population: 547,000. ==History == In the 8th century the troops of Charlemagne advanced to the Weser in order to christianise the tribes settling here. Bremen, which may have been an older settlement, became a bishopric#Footnotes; a deed claiming the town's foundation in 788 has now been recognised as a forgery, so the exact date is unknown. In the following centuries the bishops of Bremen were the driving force behind the Christianisation of Scandinavia. In the 12th century the power of the archbishops was challenged by Henry the Lion. The duke was successful and became the factual ruler of the town. These events led to a civil government and a loss of clerical power. Bremen became a merchants' town, and its ships dominated the southern portions of the North Sea. This dominance ended, when the Hanseatic League, originally a trade alliance of the Baltic Sea only, expanded to the North Sea. In the early 14th century ships from Bremen acted as pirates to board hanseatic cogs. In order to avoid open war aldermen from Bremen went to the Hanseatic Council in Lübeck and agreed to becoming members of the league (1358)#Footnotes. Bremen remained a reluctant member of the Hanseatic League. The town demanded support for its wars against the chieftains of Frisia, who ruled the region around the Weser mouth, but they seldom joined campaigns in the Baltic Sea. In 1425 the conflict escalated, when the citizens burnt hanseatic documents on the market place. Bremen was expelled from the league in 1427. The consequences followed soon: the sudden loss of power led to territorial claims of neighbouring states (e.g. Oldenburg) and significant territorial losses. {| align=right | |- | |- | |- | |- | |} In 1620 Germany's first man-made Harbor was built at Vegesack. #Footnotes On March 6, 1901 an assassin attempted to kill Wilhelm II of Germany here. After World War II, Bremen became a part of the American occupation zone since the United States wanted to have one port town within their zone. This prevented the inclusion of Bremen into the new Land of Lower Saxony that was formed around it within the British zone, and secured Bremian independence as a Land of its own right in the new West Germany. === Historical population === :1810: 35,800 inhabitants :1830: 43,700 :1850: 55,100 :1880: 111,900 :1900: 161,200 :1925: 295,000 :1998: 550,000 #Footnotes == Sights == * Town (built 1410 #Footnotes); in front of the town hall there are the statues of Roland (1404) and of the Town Musicians of Bremen (1953). * Cathedral St. Petri (13th century), with sculptures of Moses and David, Saint Peter and Paul of Tarsus, and Charlemagne. * Liebfrauenkirche, oldest church of the town (11th century) * Martinikirche (St. Martin), church on the Weser bank (1229) * Schütting (1538), house of the merchants' guild * Schnoor, a medieval quarter with narrow streets and nostalgic pubs * Schlachte, the medieval harbour of Bremen (the modern port is some kilometres downstream) Modern tourist attractions include * ''Universum Science Center'', a modern science museum * ''botanika'', an extension to a public park that attempts to the same as above ''Universum'' for biology * ''Beck's Beer Factory'', tours are available to the public which include beer tasting * The Space Center opened in 2004 inside the Space Park in the Gröpelingen district and closed on 2004 26 September, since then a remarkable investment ruin. == Constructions == * Mediumwave transmitter Bremen * Fallturm Bremen * Telecommunication Tower Bremen == Miscellaneous == Bremen has a large and famous University of Bremen founded in 1971 #Footnotes, and more recently the International University Bremen, and several high-tech industries have settled in the city. Many of Germany's space technology exports are manufactured in EADS SPACE Transportation facilities in Bremen, such as the Columbus orbital facility module of the International Space Station, Europe's Ariane 5 rocket upper stages and the Automated Transfer Vehicle. There is also a Mercedes-Benz factory in Bremen, building the Mercedes-Benz SL-Class and Mercedes-Benz SLK-Class series of cars. Beck's beer is brewed in Bremen. Bremen has an Bremen Airport situated in the south of the city. It is home of the soccer team SV Werder Bremen which won the German Football Championship for the fourth and the German Football Cup for the fifth time in 2004, making SV Werder Bremen just the fourth team in German football history to win the double. Bremen is famous for a fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm, the Town Musicians of Bremen, although they never actually reach Bremen in the tale. Every year since 1036 in the last two weeks of October Bremen hosts Freimarkt ("Free market"), Germany's oldest and one of today's biggest fairground festival. Bremen is also host to one of the four big annual Techno parades, the Vision Parade, and also the birthplace of the American comedic industrial musician Kompressor. ''See also:'' List of Mayors of Bremen. == External links == * [http://www.bremen.de/ Official city website] * [http://www.uni-bremen.de/ University of Bremen] * [http://www.hs-bremen.de Hochschule or University of applied sciences] * [http://www.iu-bremen.de/ International University Bremen] * [http://www.panorama-cities.net/bremen/bremen.html City Panoramas Bremen] - Panoramic Views of Bremen's Highlights * [http://www.freimarkt.de/en/index.htm Freimarkt website] === History Links === * http://www.genealogy.net/reg/BRE (Genealogical research in Bremen) * http://www.schiffslisten.de (Database: Emigration via Bremen Ports 1920 - 1939) * http://maus.genealogy.net (Die MAUS - Genealogical society of Bremen) ==References== * [http://print.google.com/print?id=mnPfmoPlrwIC&lpg=64&pg=64&sig=6px9XGkkC3_T_P8U2WftxKu8160 page 64]
Bremen
Concerning the "SpacePark" deletion today, I would like to take note of it since it not being dismantled; supposedly, there will be a re-opening in the near future using a new concept. Removing is ok for now, but the item should not vanish in the depths of [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Bremen&action=history time]... ---User:UsagiYojimbo 16:16, 24 Nov 2004 (UTC) I've reinstated it, adapting this wording from the German article: ''The Space Center opened in 2004 inside the Space Park in the Gröpelingen district and closed on 2004 September 26th, since then a remarkable investment ruin.'' [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bremen&diff=7846677&oldid=7811716 Here] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bremen&diff=next&oldid=7846677 here] are the records of its removal from Sights and External links. This [http://www.space-center-bremen.de/sc/en/index.jsp Space Center Bremen external link] could be checked at intervals to see when or if it does reopen, it now shows they closed on 26th September 2004. The Space Park website itself although terrible seems to show the cinespace movie theatre in the space park is still running, does anyone know more? Using the following information I googled but found no news about any reopening. Space Center Betriebs GmbH & Co. KG Space Park Plaza 1 28237 Bremen Phone: +49 (0)421 / 84000-0 Fax: +49 (0)421 / 84000-515 e-mail: info@space-center-bremen.de Amtsgericht Bremen HRA 21946 Ust-Id-Nr: DE 202 141 903 Geschäftsführer: Mark Germyn Sitz der Gesellschaft: Bremen -User:Wikibob | User talk:Wikibob 15:09, 2005 Feb 13 (UTC) == Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check == I'm experimenting with using Google's print mechanism to collect references to books on Bremen: * ** [http://print.google.com/print?id=zIWmZfSGrpgC&pg=203&sig=sIX3RwkdVdyGHuq9VXoWUBehiVE page 203] covers the effect of the city joining the Zollverein in 1888. ** [http://print.google.com/print?id=zIWmZfSGrpgC&lpg=203&pg=204&sig=n3_3r95Gm15gZ_lTFKTS2mKVghQ page 204] refers to the violent suppression of the Bremer Räterepublik (directly elected assembly) in 1919 February. * covers impact of U.S. policy on the industrial sector after 1945. ** [http://print.google.com/print?id=E9F5NGQopKsC&pg=22&sig=TfAsLQfGXgzjJsUGhvKmd7Gm-y4 page 22] lists the zones of shipyard occupation post World War 2; the US Zone covered A.G. Weser in Bremen and Bremer Vulkan in Vegesack. I found these by googling for "books on bremen", but strangely the search only works when www.google.com is used, it does not work for national googles. -User:Wikibob | User talk:Wikibob 16:54, 2005 Feb 13 (UTC) A couple more references: * [http://print.google.com/print?id=mnPfmoPlrwIC&lpg=64&pg=64&sig=6px9XGkkC3_T_P8U2WftxKu8160 page 64] * The article mentions a forged 788 deed, but I saw no mention in the German article and none while googling. Anyone have a source? -User:Wikibob | User talk:Wikibob 20:46, 2005 Feb 13 (UTC) ==Hint for search on Bremen-relative Books or somewhat== The term "Bremensien" (related to Bremen) on german Search engines, like [http://www.google.de/search?hl=de&c2coff=1&q=bremensien&btnG=Suche&meta=lr%3Dlang_de here]. User:84.137.185.149 19:39, 3 Apr 2005 (UTC)
Bremen
I've been editing Wikipedia since March 2005. == Donate to The Weekend to End Breast Cancer == I'm walking 60 km over 2 days to raise money for Breast Cancer. Go to this link and donate any amount direct online!!! [http://cl05.endcancer.ca/site/TR?px=1178736&pg=personal&fr_id=1000 My personal page] == Articles I created == # Anita Diamant # Avi # Barbara Barrie # Bell Island # Betaxolol # Brokeback Mountain # Bull Terrier # Dinosaur Provincial Park # Isabella Tiger Moth # Kaiser roll # Kula Kangri # Sperm bank # Sperm donor # Ty Pennington # Calgary Philharmonic Orchestra == Dog Breeds == Lately I've been working on the list of dog breeds, going into each article and organizing them so they all follow the same pattern. ==List of books set in New York City== I've been trying to update the list of books set in New York City. I don't think it's extremely incomplete anymore. What do you think? And can you help me with it? What big books am I missing? [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Contributions&target=Bremen My edits]
Bremen
What is this? == Books In New York City == I'm trying to make this list exhaustive. == Catholic Countries == I started that page a few seconds before you contributed to it. Thanks! User:Dpr 07:33, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC) No Problem, editing Wikipedia is so much fun. : I agree...even addictive and life-altering! Haha, they may delete my page. Anyway, thanks for writing on my page. . . User:Dpr 08:15, 10 Mar 2005 (UTC) Yeah, it is addictive...crackipedia == List of books set in New York City == Hi, I discovered that list the other day and will add more if I can think of any. A belated welcome to Wikipedia! User:KF 18:36, Mar 10, 2005 (UTC) PS Signing your name plus date is easy:
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