BEE

Bee

Andrenidae
Anthophoridae
Apidae
Colletidae
Ctenoplectridae
Halictidae
Heterogynaidae
Megachilidae
Melittidae
Oxaeidae
Sphecidae
Stenotritidae Bees (Apoidea superfamily) are flying insects, closely related to wasps and ants. They are adapted for feeding on nectar, and play an important role in pollination flowering plants, and are called pollinators. Bees have a long proboscis that they use in order to obtain the nectar from flowers. Bees have antennae made up of thirteen segments in males and twelve in females. They have two pairs of wings, the back pair being the smaller of the two. Bees are fuzzy and carry an electrostatic charge, thus aiding in the adherance of pollen. Bees periodically stop foraging and groom themselves to pack the pollen into specialized pollen baskets which are on the legs of honeybees and some other species, and on the ventral abdomen on other species. Some of this pollen is carried from flower to flower, but the bulk of it is carried back to the nest to feed brood. The apex of the female abdomens are modified into a stinger. There are over 16,000 described species, and possibly around 30,000 species in total. Bees may be solitary, or may live in various sorts of communities. The most advanced of these are eusocial colonies, found among the honeybees and stingless bees. Sociality is believed to have evolved separately in different groups of bees. == Eusocial and quasisocial bees == Eusocial bees live in large Beehive (beekeeping)s, each of which has a single Queen (bee), together with worker bees and drone (bee)s. Honeybees are eusocial. Bumblebees are referred to a quasisocial because the queen bee is typically able to survive on her own for at least a short time (unlike queens in eusocial species who must be cared for at all times). [[Image:Bumblebee_closeup.jpg|thumb|right|Bumblebee]] The life cycle of bumblebees begins in the spring when the queen bee rises from hibernation. At this time the queen bee is the one who does all the work because there are no worker bees to do the work yet. She searches for a place to build her nest and she builds the honeypots. She also does the foraging to collect nectar and pollen. Bumblebee colonies die off in the autumn, after raising a last generation of queens, which survive individually in found hiding spots. Interestingly bumblebee queens sometimes seek winter safety in honeybee hives, where they are sometimes found dead in the spring by beekeepers, presumably stung to death by the honeybees. It is not known whether any succeed in winter survival in such an environment. Bumblebees also form colonies, but with fewer individuals than honeybees. Most species of bumblebee (''Bombus terrestris'', ''B. pratorum'', et al.) live in colonies of 30-400 bees. (By contrast, an average honeybee hive at the height of summer will have 30,000 - 50,000 bees.) With honeybees, which survive winter as a colony, the queen begins egg laying in mid to late winter, to prepare for spring. This is probably triggered by day length. She is the only fertile female, and deposits all the Egg (biology)s from which the other bees are produced. Except for her one mating flight or to establish a new Colony (biology), the queen rarely leaves the hive after the larvae have become full grown bees. The queen deposits each egg in a cell prepared by the worker bees. The egg hatches into a small larva which is fed by ''nurse'' bees (worker bees who maintain the interior of the colony). After about a week (depending on species), the larva is sealed up in its cell by the nurse bees. After another week (again, depending on species), it will emerge an adult bee. The larvae and pupae in a frame of honeycomb are referred to as frames of brood (honeybee) and are often sold (with adhering bees) by beekeepers to other beekeepers to start new beehives. Both workers and queens are fed ''royal jelly'' during the first three days of the larval stage. Then workers are switched to a diet of pollen and nectar or diluted honey, while those intended for queens will continue to receive royal jelly. This causes the larva to develop to the pupa stage more quickly, while being also larger and fully developed sexually. Queen breeders consider good nutrition during the larval stage to be of critical importance to the quality of the queens raised, good genetics and sufficient number of matings also being factors. During the larval and pupal stages, various parasites can attack the pupa/larva and destroy or damage it. Queens are not raised in typical horizontal brood cells of the honeycomb. They are specially constructed to be much larger, and have a vertical orientation. As the queen finishes her larval feeding, and pupates, she moves into a head downward position, from which she will later chew her way out of the cell. At pupation the workers cap or seal the cell. Just prior to emerging from their cells, young queens can often be heard "piping." This is considered likely to be a challenge to other queens for battle. Worker bees are infertile females. Worker bees secrete the Beeswax used to build the hive, clean and maintain the hive, raise the young, guard the hive and forage for nectar and pollen. In honeybees, the worker bees have a modified ovipositor called a sting (biology) with which they can sting to defend the hive, but the bee will die soon after. Drone bees are the male bees of the colony. Drone honeybees do not forage for nectar or pollen. The primary purpose of a drone bee is to fertilization a new queen. Drones mate with the queen in flight. They die immediately after mating. In some species, drones are suspected of playing a contributing role in the temperature regulation of the hive. Drone bees have no stinger, since a stinger is actually a modified ovipositor. Queens live for an average of three years, while workers have an average life of only three months (during the foraging season, but longer in places with extended winters). Honeybee queens release pheromones to regulate hive activities, and worker bees also produce pheromones for various communications. Honey is produced from nectar collected from flowers, which is a clear liquid consisting of nearly 80% water with complex sugars. The collecting bees store the nectar in a second stomach and return to the hive where worker bees remove the nectar. The worker bees digest the raw nectar for about 30 minutes using enzymes to break up the complex sugars into simpler ones. Raw honey is then spread out in empty honeycomb cells to dry, which reduces the water content to less than 20%. When nectar is being processed, honeybees create a ventilation through the hive by fanning with their wings. Once dried, the cells of the honeycomb are sealed (capped) with wax to preserve the honey. Honey itself is so sweet that bacterium cannot grow on it, and dry enough that it does not support yeasts. Anaerobic bacteria may be present and survive in spore form, in honey, as well as anywhere else in common environments. Honey (or any other sweetener) which is diluted by the non-acidic digestive fluids of infants, can provide an ideal medium for the transition of botulism bacteria from the spore form to the actively growing form, which produces a toxin. When infants are weaned to solid foods, their digestive system becomes acid enough to prevent such growth and poisoning. No sweeteners should be given to infants prior to weaning, as there is a small, but possibly lethal risk of poisoning. ==Honeybee pheromones== Honeybees use pheromone (honey bee), or chemical communication, for almost all behaviors of life. Such uses include (but are not limited to): mating, alarm, defense, orientation, kin and colony recognition, food production, and integration of colony activities. Pheromones are thus essential to honeybees for their survival. ==Solitary, and communal bees== Other species of bee such as the Orchard Mason bee (''Osmia lignaria'') and the hornfaced bee (''Osmia cornifrons'') are solitary in that every female is fertile. There are no ''worker'' bees for these species. Solitary bees typically produce neither honey nor beeswax. They are immune from acarine and varroa mites, but have their own unique parasites, pests and diseases. (see diseases of the honeybee) ==Kleptoparasitic bees== ''Cuckoo bees'' are bumblebee look-alikes that invade bumblebee nests and lay their eggs. The bumblebees raise the young as their own. Megachilid bees also have other megachilid ''Coelioxys'' bees whose young are placed into the already provisioned nests of these solitary bees. They destroy the host larvae and eat the food. ==Communication== :"The general story of the communication of the distance, the situation, and the direction of a food source by the dances of the returning worker bee on the vertical comb of the hive, has been known in general outline from the work of Karl von Frisch in the middle 1950s." The dance involve a returning bee running around in a tight figure of eight dance, waggling its abdomen as it does so. All the other bees gather around, apparently scrutinising the ceremonial manoeuvre. [http://www.worldandi.com/subscribers/feature_detail.asp?num=24297 (World&I)] ==Miscellaneous== All bees eat nectar and pollen. Bees are excellent pollinators and play an important role in agriculture. The largest bee in the world is the Megachile pluto. Bees are the favorite meal of ''Bee-eater'', a bird. ==See also== *Africanized bee *Bee anatomy (mouth) *Bee learning and communication *Honeybee *Honeybee life cycle *Characteristics of common wasps and bees *Beekeeping ==External links and references== * [http://www.bwars.com/ Bees, Wasps and Ants Recording Society] (UK) * [http://gears.tucson.ars.ag.gov Carl Hayden Bee Research Center] * [http://www.pollinatorparadise.com/ Pollinator Paradise] (solitary bees) * [http://www.kutikshoney.com/grafting/queens.htm] Raising honeybee queens *''Bees of the World'', C. D. Michener (200) * [http://www.abc.net.au/science/scribblygum/may2003/default.htm Rescuing Australian stingless bees] * [http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Olympus/3294/pheromo.htm Honey Bee Pheromones] zoology entomology Hymenoptera Bees Beekeeping co:Abba simple:Bee

Bee

User:Rossami 22:16 May 6, 2003 (UTC) Good afternoon, John. You are right that the honeybee page was linked above. Probably should delete the redundant link. I don't like leaving the "Diseases of the Honeybee" as a dead link, though. I am becoming more and more fond of a separate and expanded article on Diseases of the Honeybee. Let's make your link real. Unfortunately, I don't think I know enough about all the diseases to put something together without risking the breaking of a copyright. Can/will you take a crack at it? User:Rossami 22:25 May 6, 2003 (UTC) Good afternoon, John. You also added links to cell. When I clicked through it, I saw a number of definitions, none of which really seemed to apply to the cells in a beehive. When I checked the links to female and male, they were just definitions. I see limited value to creating links to a definition rather than to a substantive article. What I remember of the Wikipedia rules seemed to reinforce that point. Frankly, when I need to check a definition, the freeware program Atomica works better than using Wikipedia to duplicate a dictionary. It's a philosophical point and if you feel strongly that the links add value, I'll concede. : I can see some possible value for male and female, especially if those articles might be improved in the future (though I must admit, I've been known to change links to reflect what's there at the moment, too), but yes, I could certainly live without those. As for cell, I figured that would be an issue while I was linking it, and I was thinking it might be best disambiguated somehow, even if that did leave it linked to a nonexistent page, but I wasn't sure how. Cell (honeybee)? Cell (honeycomb)? Cell (bee)? Etc. So I decided to just leave it at cell for the time being. : As for diseases of the honeybee (caps or not?), tracheal mites are about the only ones I'm familiar with, and that only from an apiarist's point of view (which basically amounts to "mites BAD!" ;), not a biologist's. So I couldn't do much there without considerable boning up. But leaving some nonexistent links isn't a bad thing, it encourages the creation of new articles, which can (almost) only be a good thing. :) -- User:JohnOwens 22:43 May 6, 2003 (UTC) == reversion == Anon User:66.28.223.150 deleted large sections of text without explanation and without moving the content to any other related page that I know about. Reverted pending explanation. User:Rossami 15:53, 28 Oct 2004 (UTC) == anecdote moved from the article page for now ==

This colony of bees in South Tampa, Florida took up residence in a bird house. I have observed bees in bird houses on three occations. As the colony grows it produces new queens and when space is limited the colony simply divides. A colony will divide many times in a year when the cavity they have nested in is small.
--User:Bare Foot Billy 03:21, Nov 21, 2004 (UTC)

==Bee or Honey bee?== Either one article should cover all bees, or separate ones should cover honey bees , bumble bees, mason bees, etc. Since there is a separate article for bumble bees, this one should not be called simply ''bee''. - erl - User:216.19.218.15 19:04, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

See other meanings of words starting from letter:

B

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Words begining with Bee:

BEE
Bee
Bee
Bee's_kiss
Bee,_NE
Bee,_Nebraska
Bee-eater
Bee-eater
Bee-keeping
Bee-Line_Bus_System
Beeb
Beeb.com
Beebalm
Beebe
Beebe,_AR
Beebe,_Arkansas
Beebe,_Arkansas
Beebe,_MI
Beebe,_Michigan
BeeBee11uk
Beebe_Plain
Beebe_Plain
Beebe_Plain,_Qu�bec
Beeblebrox87
Beeblerox
Beebolini
Beebolini
Beech
Beech
Beech-Nut
Beecham
Beechbone
Beechcraft
Beechcraft_100
Beechcraft_18
Beechcraft_200
Beechcraft_28
Beechcraft_35
Beechcraft_35_Bonanza
Beechcraft_36
Beechcraft_45
Beechcraft_50
Beechcraft_55
Beechcraft_56
Beechcraft_58
Beechcraft_90
Beechcraft_Baron
Beechcraft_Bonanza
Beechcraft_Bonanza
Beechcraft_Debonair
Beechcraft_Duchess
Beechcraft_Duke
Beechcraft_King_Air
Beechcraft_Model_18
Beechcraft_Model_23
Beechcraft_Musketeer
Beechcraft_Skipper
Beechcraft_Staggerwing
Beechcraft_Starship
Beechcraft_Starship
Beechcraft_Starship_2000
Beechcraft_T-1_Jayhawk
Beechcraft_T-34_Mentor
Beechcraft_T-42_Cochise
Beechcraft_Travel_Air
Beechcraft_Twin_Bonanza
Beechcraft_U-8_Seminole
Beechdale
Beechen_Cliff_School
Beecher
Beecher,_IL
Beecher,_Illinois
Beecher,_MI
Beecher,_Michigan
Beecher,_WI
Beecher,_Wisconsin
Beecher_Bibles
Beecher_City,_IL
Beecher_City,_Illinois
Beeches
Beeching
Beechingstoke
Beeching_Axe
Beeching_Axe
Beeching_axe
Beeching_axe
Beeching_cuts
Beechside
Beechwood
Beechwood,_MI
Beechwood,_Michigan
Beechwood,_Ontario
Beechwood_Cemetery
Beechwood_Trails,_OH
Beechwood_Trails,_Ohio
Beechwood_Village,_Kentucky
Beechwood_Village,_KY
Beechworth
Beechworth,_Victoria
Beech_Aircraft
Beech_Aircraft_Corporation
Beech_Baron
Beech_Bonanza
Beech_Bottom,_West_Virginia
Beech_Bottom,_West_Virginia
Beech_Bottom,_WV
Beech_Creek,_PA
Beech_Creek,_Pennsylvania
Beech_Creek_Township,_PA
Beech_Creek_Township,_Pennsylvania
Beech_Debonair
Beech_Duchess
Beech_Family
Beech_family
Beech_Grove
Beech_Grove,_IN
Beech_Grove,_Indiana
Beech_Hill
Beech_KingAir
Beech_King_Air
Beech_Mountain,_NC
Beech_Mountain,_North_Carolina
Beech_River
Beech_Skipper
Beech_Staggerwing
Beech_Starship
Beech_Starship_2000
Beech_T-34
Beech_Travel_Air
Beech_Twin_Bonanza
Beecraft
Beecroft
Beecroft,_New_South_Wales
Beecroft_Art_Gallery
Beecroft_railway_station,_Sydney
Beed
Beedelup_National_Park
Beedeville,_AR
Beedeville,_Arkansas
Beedeville,_Arkansas
Beedi
Beedle
Beedle's_Station,_OH
Beedle's_Station,_Ohio
Beedles_Station,_OH
Beedles_Station,_Ohio
Beedo
Beedon
Beedrill
Beedrill
Beedub
Beedy
Beef
Beef
Beef-Eaters
Beefalo
Beefalo
Beefalo
Beefburger
BeefCake
Beefcake
Beefcake
Beefeater
Beefeater
Beefeaters
Beefeater_(band)
Beefman
Beefmaster
Beefsteak
Beefsteak_Fungus
Beefsteak_fungus
Beefsteak_polypore
BEEFSTEW
Beeftrax
Beefy
Beef_(disambiguation)
Beef_(music)
Beef_Bowl
Beef_bowl
Beef_fork
Beef_jerky
Beef_jerky
Beef_mince
Beef_Noodle_Soup
Beef_noodle_soup
Beef_noodle_soup
Beef_Stroganoff
Beef_tallow
Beef_tapeworm
Beef_tea
Beef_tenderloin
Beef_Wellington
Beef_Wellington
Beege
BeeGees
Beegees
Beeglebug
Beeglebug
Beehive
Beehive
Beehives
Beehive_(beekeeping)
Beehive_(beekeeping)
Beehive_(building)
Beehive_(building)
Beehive_(disambiguation)
Beehive_(hairstyle)
Beehive_burner
Beehive_burner
Beehive_Cluster
Beehive_Cluster
Beehive_cluster
Beehive_House
Beehive_house
Beehive_Houses
Beehive_Live
Beehive_shelf
Beehive_shelf
Beehive_State
Beehive_tomb
Beehive_tomb
Beehive_tombs
Beehive_tombs
BeeHonest
Beej
Beejayberlin
Beek
Beekeeper
Beekeepers
Beekeeping
Beekeeping
Beekeeping
Beekeeping_leading_practices
Beekeeping_leading_practices
Beekman,_New_York
Beekmantown,_New_York
Beekman_Native_Plant_Arboretum
Beeld
Beeldenstorm
Beeline_Expressway
Beelphegor
Beelpheg�r
Beelzebub
Beelzebub
Beelzebub's_Tales_to_his_Grandson
Beelzebubs
Beelzebubs
Beelzebubs
Beelzebul
Beelzebumon
Beelzebumon_Blast_Mode
Beelzemon_X
Beemer
Beemer,_NE
Beemer,_Nebraska
Beemish
Beemster
Been
BeenBeren
BeenBeren
Beenie_Man
Beenie_Man_albums
Beenleigh
Beenleigh,_Queensland
Beenleigh_railway_line,_Brisbane
Been_Training_Dogs
BEEP
Beep
Beep
Beep-beep
Beeper
Beeplet
Beep_Beep
Beep_beep
Beep_Media_Player
Beep_Media_Player
Beep_media_player
Beep_test
Beep_the_Meep
Beer
Beer
Beer
Beer
Beer
Beer's_law
Beer,_Devon
Beer,_England
Beer-Lambert_law
Beer-Sheba
Beer-Sheva
Beer-sheva
Beer-stub
Beer-stub
Beeramid
Beeramid
Beerbohm_Tree
BeerBox
BeerBoxEnd
BeerBoxStart
BeerBoxVariety
BeerBoxVarietyPic
Beerd
Beerden
Beerenauslese
Beerenberg
Beerenburg
Beergarden
BeerGuy
BeerHall_Putsch
Beerhunter
Beerlao
Beermat
Beernem
Beernem
Beernut
Beernuts
Beers
Beers,_Steers,_and_Queers
Beerse
Beersel
Beersheba
Beersheba
Beersheba_Springs,_Tennessee
Beersheba_Springs,_TN
Beersheva
Beerslurpy
Beerslurpy
Beerst
Beers_of_Canada
Beerwah
Beerware
Beer_(crater)
Beer_(crater_on_Mars)
Beer_(Lunar_crater)
Beer_(Mars_crater)
Beer_and_brewery_stubs
Beer_and_brewery_stubs
Beer_and_nationality
Beer_and_nationality
Beer_Bad
Beer_Bad
Beer_Bad_(Buffy_episode)
Beer_Bad_(Buffy_episode)
Beer_Bad_(Buffy_the_Vampire_Slayer)
Beer_Barrel_Polka
Beer_bellies
Beer_belly
Beer_belly
Beer_bong
Beer_can
Beer_Can_Chicken
Beer_cheese
Beer_crater
Beer_crater_(Mars)
Beer_crater_(Moon)
Beer_day
Beer_Die
Beer_die
Beer_Distribution_Game
Beer_games
Beer_garden
Beer_goggles
Beer_gut
Beer_Hackett
Beer_hall
Beer_Hall_Putsch
Beer_Hall_Putsch
Beer_Heights_Light_Railway
Beer_Hunter
Beer_in_Serbia_and_Montenegro
Beer_in_Serbia_and_Montenegro
Beer_Judge_Certification_Program
Beer_knot
Beer_mat
Beer_Money
BEER_NUTS
Beer_Nuts
Beer_of_Canada
Beer_Pong
Beer_Pong
Beer_pong
Beer_Sheba
Beer_Sheva
Beer_Sheva,_Israel
Beer_Sheva_Park
Beer_Sheva_Park_(Seattle)
Beer_stein
Beer_Street
Beer_tap
Beer_Thai_Company
Beer_Walk
Bees
Bees
Bees,_Wasps_and_Ants_Recording_Society
Beesd
Beesel
Beeston
Beeston,_Bedfordshire
Beeston,_Cheshire
Beeston,_Leeds
Beeston,_Norfolk
Beeston,_Nottinghamshire
Beeston,_West_Yorkshire
Beestonian_glaciation
Beestonian_stage
Beeston_Castle
Beesucker
Beeswax
Beeswax
Beeswax
Bees_kiss
Beet
Beet
Beetham_Highway
Beetham_Tower
Beetham_Tower
Beethoven
Beethoven
Beethoven
Beethoven
Beethoven's
Beethoven's_2nd
Beethoven's_3rd
Beethoven's_4th
Beethoven's_5th
Beethoven's_9th_symphony
Beethoven's_Fifth_Symphony
Beethoven's_Last_Night
Beethoven's_Last_Night
Beethoven's_mom
Beethoven's_musical_style_and_innovations
Beethoven's_Ninth_Symphony
Beethoven's_ninth_symphony
Beethoven's_ninth_symphony
Beethoven's_Ninth_Symphony_in_popular_culture
Beethoven's_Ninth_Symphony_in_popular_culture
Beethoven's_religious_beliefs
Beethoven's_religious_beliefs
Beethoven's_Seventh_Symphony
Beethoven's_Tenth_Symphony
Beethoven/Concerto_for_Violin_and_Orchestra
Beethoven/Opus_1
Beethoven/Opus_24
Beethoven/Opus_70
Beethoven/Opus_97
Beethoven/Piano_Sonata_14
Beethoven/String_Quartet_16
Beethoven/Symphony_3
Beethoven/Symphony_5
Beethoven/Symphony_9
Beethoven/Symphony_9
Beethoven:_historic_sites
Beethoven:_life_and_work
Beethoven:_life_and_work
BeethovenAdelaideAllegroMolto.ogg
BeethovenAdelaideOpening.ogg
BeethovenPianoSonatas
BeethovenStringQuartets
BeethovenStringQuartets
Beethoven_(movie)
Beethoven_-_Piano_Concerto_No._3,_Op._37_-_Movement_1_-_Allegro_con_brio.mid
Beethoven_-_Piano_Concerto_No._3,_Op._37_-_Movement_2_-_Adagio.mid
Beethoven_-_Piano_Concerto_No._3,_Op._37_-_Movement_3_-_Rondo_allegro.mid
Beethoven_-_Symphony_No._9_-_Molto_vivace_(clip).ogg
Beethoven_as_fictional_character
Beethoven_string_quartets
Beethoven_string_quartets_by_opus
Beethoven_symphonies
Beethoven_symphonies
Beethoven_symphony_6
Beethoven_was_Deaf
Beetle
Beetle
Beetlebum
Beetlejuice
Beetlejuice
Beetlejuice_(Cartoon_series)
Beetlejuice_(TV_series)
Beetlejuice_the_Dwarf
Beetlejuice_the_Dwarf
Beetlenaut
Beetlenaut
Beetles
Beetles
Beetle_(comics)
Beetle_(disambiguation)
Beetle_B.
Beetle_Bailey
Beetle_Bailey
Beetle_bank
Beetle_bank
Beetle_Juice
Beetle_Smith
Beeton,_Ontario
Beetown
Beetown,_WI
Beetown,_Wisconsin
Beetroot
Beets
Beetsterzwaag
Beetyo
Beetyo_(Bethio)
Beet_the_Vandel_Buster
Beev
Beevee
Beeveer
Beeville
Beeville,_Texas
Beeville,_TX
Beevor
Beezer
Beezer
Beezly
Beezly
Bee_(disambiguation)
Bee_(gathering)
Bee_Anatomy(mouth)
Bee_anatomy_(mouth)
Bee_Arthur
Bee_balm
Bee_bread
Bee_Cave,_Texas
Bee_Cave,_TX
Bee_County
Bee_County,_Texas
Bee_County,_Texas
Bee_County,_Texas
Bee_County,_TX
Bee_dance
Bee_dance
Bee_eater
Bee_fly
Bee_Gees
Bee_Gees
Bee_Gees_1st
Bee_Gees_1st
Bee_Girl
Bee_hive
Bee_Hive,_AL
Bee_Hive,_Alabama
Bee_Hive,_Alabama
Bee_Hives_(Broken_Social_Scene_album)
Bee_hoon
Bee_Hummingbird
Bee_hummingbird
Bee_images
Bee_keeper
Bee_keeping
Bee_learning_and_communication
Bee_learning_and_communication
Bee_Line
Bee_Line_Expressway
Bee_Line_GSM
Bee_Orchid
Bee_orchid
Bee_pollen
Bee_propolis
Bee_Ridge,_FL
Bee_Ridge,_Florida
Bee_Thousand
Bee_thousand
Bee_Train
Bee_venom
Bee_Venom_Therapy