
Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani language: Azərbaycan) is a country in the Caucasus, at the crossroads of Europe and Southwest Asia, with an eastern coast on the Caspian Sea. It has frontiers with Russia in the north, Georgia (country) in the northwest, Armenia in the west, and Iran in the south. The Nakhichevan (an exclave of Azerbaijan) borders Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and Turkey to the northwest. The country’s formal name is the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani language: Azərbaycan Respublikası). Azerbaijan is a secular state, and has been a member of the Council of Europe since 2001. A majority of the population are Shia Muslim and of Western Turkic descent, known as Azerbaijanis, or simply Azeris. The country is formally an emerging democracy, however with strong Authoritarianism rule. {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0.5em 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+Azərbaycan Respublikası |- | style="background: #efefef;" align=center colspan=2 | {| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 |- | align=center width="140px" | | align=center width="140px" | |- | align=center width="140px" | (Flag of Azerbaijan) | align=center width="140px" | (Coat of Arms of Azerbaijan) |} |- | align=center colspan=2 | ''National motto: None'' |- | align=center colspan=2 | |- | Official language || Azerbaijani language |- | Capital || Baku |- | Capital’s coordinates || |- | President of Azerbaijan || Ilham Aliyev |- | Prime Minister of Azerbaijan || Artur Rasizade |- | Area
– Total
– % water | List of countries by area
1 E10 m²
Negligible |- | Population
– Total
– Population density | List of countries by population
7,868,385 (As of 2004 Estimation)
90/km². |- | Collapse of the Soviet Union
– Date | From Soviet Union
30 August 1991 |- | Currency || Manat (AZM) |- | Time zone || Coordinated Universal Time +4 (Daylight Saving Time) |- | valign=top | National anthem || National Anthem of the Republic of Azerbaijan |- | Top-level domain || .az |- | List of country calling codes || 994 |} == Origin and history of the name == There are several hypotheses regarding the origins of the name "Azerbaijan." The most common theory is that it is derived from "Atropatan." Atropat was the satrap at the time of the Persian empire Achaemenid dynasty, and gained independence after Alexander the Great destroyed the Achaemenids. The region was known as ''Medes Atropatia'' or ''Atropatene'' at the time. There are also alternative opinions that the term is a slight Turkification of ''Azarbaijan'', in turn an Arabicized version of the original Persian name ''Azarpayagan'', made up of ''azar+payag+an'' (''azar''=fire; ''payag''=base; ''an''=suffix of location); that it traditionally means "the land of eternal flames" or "the land of fire." Some Azeri historians also contend that the name is made up of four Azerbaijani language components: ''az+er+bay+can'', which means "the land of the brave Az people" or "an elevated place for the wealthy and exalted." Historically, the territory of the present-day Azerbaijan Republic, sometimes referred to as North Azerbaijan, has also been called Arran (Azerbaijan), named after Arran, a legendary founder of Caucasian Albania. However, the precise location identified by this name has shifted somewhat over time, currently referring to the lowland Karabakh plains situated between the Kura and Araks rivers. Despite the demonstrable antiquity of the name, some opponents of the name ''Azerbaijan'' assert that it is anachronistic to use it in a historical context before 1918, because, they say, the term was first introduced by the national intelligentsia in early 20th century and later was endorsed by the Bolsheviks, with intention of claiming the northern province of Persia. To substantiate this claim they state that till early 20th century the population of present-day Azerbaijan had no clear ethnic identification and referred to themselves primarily as "Muslims." == History == ''Main article: History of Azerbaijan'' Historically Azerbaijan has been occupied by a variety of peoples, including Persians, Roman Empire, Arabs, Turks, Mongols and Russians. The first state to emerge in the territory of present-day Republic of Azerbaijan was Mannai in the 9th century BC, lasting until 616 BC when it was overthrown by the Medes. The satrapies of Atropatene and Caucasian Albania were established in the 4th century BC and included the approximate territories of present-day Azerbaijan and southern parts of Dagestan. Islam spread in Azerbaijan following the Arab conquests in the 7th century–8th century. In the 11th century, the Seljuk Turks became the dominant force in Azerbaijan and laid the ethnic foundation of contemporary Azerbaijanis. In the 13th century–14th century, the country experienced Mongol-Tatar invasions. Azerbaijan was part of the Safavids in 15th century–18th century. It also underwent a brief period of feudal fragmentation in the mid-18th to early 19th centuries, and consisted of independent khanates. Following the two wars between the Qajars of Persian Empire and the Russian Empire, Azerbaijan was acquired by Russia through the Treaty of Gulistan in 1813, and the Treaty of Turkmenchay in 1828. After the collapse of the Russian Empire during World War I, Azerbaijan declared independence and established the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. This first Muslim republic in the world lasted only two years, from 1918 to 1920, before the Soviet Red Army invaded Azerbaijan. Subsequently, Azerbaijan became part of the Soviet Union. Azerbaijan re-established its independence upon the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Despite a cease-fire in place since 1994, Azerbaijan has yet to resolve its conflict with Armenia over the Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh enclave (largely Armenian-populated). Azerbaijan has lost 16% of its territory, and must support some 800,000 refugees and internally displaced persons as a result of the conflict. == Politics == ''Main article: Politics of Azerbaijan'' Azerbaijan is a presidential republic. The head of state and head of government are separate from the country’s law-making body. The people elect the president of Azerbaijan for a five-year term of office. The president appoints all cabinet-level government administrators. A fifty-member national assembly makes the country’s laws. The people of Azerbaijan elect the National Assembly. Azerbaijan has universal suffrage above the age of eighteen. However, the Azerbaijani government has been accused of widespread corruption (a kleptocracy, according to some people). == Administrative divisions == ''Main article: Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan'' Azerbaijan is divided into: *59 rayons (rayonlar; rayon – singular), *11 cities* (şəhərlər; şəhər – singular), *1 autonomous republic** (muxtar respublika); Absheron Rayonu, Agjabedi Rayonu, Agdam Rayonu, Agdash Rayonu, Agstafa Rayonu, Agsu Rayonu, Ali Bayramli Sahari*, Astara Rayonu, Baku Sahari*, Balakan Rayonu, Barda Rayonu, Beylaqan Rayonu, Bilasuvar Rayonu, Jabrayil Rayonu, Calilabad Rayonu, Dashkasan Rayonu, Davaci Rayonu, Fizuli Rayonu, Gadabay Rayonu, Ganja_(city) Sahari*, Goranboy Rayonu, Goychay Rayonu, Hajigabul Rayonu, Imishli Rayonu, Ismayilli Rayonu, Kalbajar Rayonu, Kurdamir Rayonu, Lachin Rayonu, Lankaran Rayonu, Lankaran Sahari*, Lerik Rayonu, Masalli Rayonu, Mingechevir Sahari*, Naftalan Sahari*, Nakhichevan**, Neftchala Rayonu, Oguz Rayonu, Gabala Rayonu, Gakh Rayonu, Gazakh Rayonu, Gobustan Rayonu, Guba Rayonu, Gubadly Rayonu, Gusar Rayonu, Saatli Rayonu, Sabirabad Rayonu, Sheki Rayonu, Sheki Sahari*, Salyan Rayonu, Shamakhy Rayonu, Shamkir Rayonu, Samux Rayonu, Siyazan Rayonu, Sumqayit Sahari*, Shusha Rayonu, Shusha Sahari*, Tartar Rayonu, Tovuz Rayonu, Ujar Rayonu, Khachmaz Rayonu, Khankendi Sahari*, Khanlar Rayonu, Khizi Rayonu, Khojaly Rayonu, Khojavend Rayonu, Yardimli Rayonu, Yevlakh Rayonu, Yevlakh Sahari*, Zangilan Rayonu, Zagatala Rayonu, Zardab Rayonu. == Geography == ''Main article: Geography of Azerbaijan'' Azerbaijan has an arid climate, except in the southeast near Gilan. Temperatures vary by season. In the southeast lowland, temperatures average 6°C (43°F) in the winter and 26°C (80°F) in the summer — though daily maxima typically reach 32°C (89°F). In the northern and western mountain ranges, temperatures average 12°C (55°F) in the summer and –9°C (20°F) in the winter. Annual rainfall over most of the country varies from 200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 inches) and is generally lowest in the northeast. In the far southeast, however, the climate is much moister and annual rainfall can be as high as 1300 mm (51 inches). For most of the country, the wettest periods are in spring and autumn, with summers being the driest. == Economy == ''Main article: Economy of Azerbaijan'' The economy is largely based on industry. Industries include machine manufacture, petroleum and other mining, petroleum refining, textiles production, and chemical processing. Agriculture accounts for one-third of Azerbaijan’s economy. Most of the nation’s farms are irrigation. In the lowlands, farmers grow such crops as cotton, fruit, cereal, tea, tobacco, and many types of vegetables. Silkworms are raised for the production of natural silk for the clothing industry. Azerbaijan’s herders raise cattle, sheep and goats near the mountain ranges. Seafood and fish are caught in the nearby Caspian Sea. Azerbaijan has a highly dynamic economy, mainly because of oil, and has a GDP growth rate of up to 11% a year. == Demographics == ''Main article: Demographics of Azerbaijan'' According to the CIA World Factbook, about eighty-nine percent of Azerbaijan’s population is ethnic Azerbaijanis, or Azeris. Other major ethnicities include local Talysh, Lezgi, Avar and Tat and numerous other minorities, as well as Russians. Some people argue that the number of Talysh is more than officially recorded, as many of them are counted as Azerbaijanis. The country’s large Armenian population mostly fled to Armenia and to other countries with the beginning of the Armenian-Azeri conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. During the same period, Azerbaijan also received a large influx of Azerbaijanis fleeing Armenia and later Nagorno-Karabakh and adjacent provinces occupied by the Armenians. Most Azerbaijanis, or Azeris, are Shia Islam. Other religions or philosophy beliefs that are followed by many in the country are the Sunni and Sufi sects of Islam, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Russian Orthodox Church, and various secular beliefs (many of which are left over from the Soviet era of less tolerance for spirituality). == Culture == ''Main article: Culture of Azerbaijan'' The official language of Azerbaijan is Azerbaijani, a member of the Oguz subdivision of the Turkic language family, and is spoken by around 95% of the republic’s population, as well as about a quarter of the population of Iran. Its closest relatives are Turkish language and Turkmen language. As a result of the language policy of the Soviet Union, Russian is also commonly spoken as a second language among the urbane. * Music of Azerbaijan * Islam in Azerbaijan * Azerbaijani literature == Miscellaneous topics == * Communications in Azerbaijan * Transportation in Azerbaijan * Military of Azerbaijan * Foreign relations of Azerbaijan * Public holidays in Azerbaijan * List of Azerbaijanis * Nagorno-Karabakh == External links and references== * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/aj.html CIA World Factbook — Azerbaijan] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/1235976.stm BBC Country Profile: Azerbaijan] * [http://www.azerb.com/ Azerbaijan from A to Z] * [http://www.zerbaijan.com/ Virtual Azerbaijan Republic] *[http://www.caucaz.com/home_uk Caucaz.com]: Weekly online publishing articles and reports about Azerbaijan and South Caucasus. Available in English and French *[http://www.bakutoday.net Baku Today] *[http://www.president.az/index_e.html President of the Republic of Azerbaijan] *[http://www.azstat.org/indexen.php State Statistical Committee of the Azerbaijan Republic] *[http://www.un-az.org United Nations Office in Azerbaijan] with a [http://www.un-az.org/couinf.htm country report] *[http://www.loc.gov/rr/international/amed/azerbaijan/azerbaijan.html Library of Congress Portals on the World — Azerbaijan] *[http://bakuservices.com Azerbaijan Travel Services] *[http://numismondo.com/pm/aze/ Azerbaijan Paper Money]: Issues from the Russian, Iranian and Autonomous Republic periods as well as current Republic issues Caucasus Azerbaijan az:Azərbaycan bn:আজারবাইজান bs:Azerbejdžan fa:جمهوری آذربایجان hi:अज़रबैजान ka:აზერბაიჯანი lv:Azerbaidžāna li:Azerbaidzjan ms:Azerbaijan zh-min-nan:Azerbaijan na:Azerbaijan nds:Aserbaidschan th:ประเทศอาเซอร์ไบจาน
Middle Eastern countries European countries Caucasus fa:Category:جمهوری آذربایجان ka:კატეგორია:აზერბაიჯანი
''An event mentioned in this article is an Template:August 30 selected anniversaries''. ---- ==Edit war== Special:Contributions/198.81.26.74/User:K1: Please refrain from reverting each other's versions of the article wholesale. It is apparent that you have issues with the content of each other's versions; why not resolve them here, instead? It will save everyone a lot of hassle. Thank you. -- User:Grunt User_talk:Grunt 00:55, 2004 Jun 28 (UTC) Grunt, I can see that we have a bunch of real competent admins here in wikipedia. You and another admin are locking the pages of this guy's version of lies and deceptions and invite me to resolve the problem with him? Can you read and understand plain english? I responded to your comments on the Talk:South Azerbaijan page the other day, and explained that this moron with a random IP and no histoty of constructive work in wikipedia changes the pages with a CLEAR political agenda, and DOES NOT engage in any dialog. He puts out flat out lies, he is not even a registered contributor, and his rubbish get to overridde my work with over a year of active, accurate and useful contributions to Wikipedia. On page Nezami he writes Nezami has works in Turkish. So in the discussion area I tell him why don't you then just name his "Turkish works" in the article? (mind you, there is NONE) He does not respond. So we revert the article to the version that is CORRECT, and he immediately reverts back to his version. The same bullshit is going on a a bunch of pages, ALL OF WHICH are related to one cause: Pan-Turkism. He has today created a new completely false article Persian Chauvinisim in conjunction with his other contaminations of the neighbourhood -- thanks to admins like you who encourage abuse of the open nature of Wikipedia. This moron's IP should have been blocked a long time ago after a couple of warnings when his abuse and malintentions became apparent. User:K1 09:24, 28 Jun 2004 (UTC) :You didn't read m:The wrong version or Wikipedia:Lamest edit wars ever, did you? - User:David Gerard 23:36, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC) :The state of Iran was formed on the basis of 1 thing: To take every neighbour's history and "Persianize" it to make the Persians feel better about themsleves. Shame on those who don't accept other's history it is truely a sad case of feeling low about yourself. -[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Special:Contributions&target=198.81.26.106 198.81.26.106] 23:11, 6 Jul 2004 (UTC) :As far as I'm concerned both of you have equally valid (invalid?) points of view here; we are going to have to accept that fact and attempt to create a version of this article that properly represents both points of view. Clearly two points of view exist; otherwise there wouldn't be enough material to create two versions of the article, would they? If we can just calm down enough to accept that fact, perhaps we'll be able to resolve this whole mess... -- User:Grunt User_talk:Grunt 01:35, 2004 Jul 7 (UTC) Interesting how all the people fighting so passionately for what they write about Azerbaijan are from Iran... All I can read is Iran this, Persia that. I wouldn't be surprised if the admin is some sort of Iranian descent. Is this not supposed to be Azerbaijan's history? As opposed to the glorious Persian history? I hope the brainless admins try searching up some websites made in Azerbaijan to ban these incompetent fools. :: I as an Azerbaijani condamn the Grey Wolf pan-Turkist attempt to fabricate a falsified and distorted history for our land. Its as clear as day that we were a part of Persia before being captured by the Russians. You escape reality just to feel good and bring more misery for the people of Caucasus. Get off of my history and go back to your camps in Ankara. ==Some material from the Persian Encyclopedia== I did some translations from the 1966 Persian Encyclopedia. It is available at Talk:History of Azerbaijan#From my Persian Encyclopedia. User:Roozbeh 02:59, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC) == the yelling at the top == The controversiality notice is supposed to go on the talk page, and that red notice is nothing but an abomination. If someone is constantly vandalizing the page, either work it out somehow or ban them, don't cater to them by screwing up the whole page because of them. --User:Joy 12:32, 26 Aug 2004 (UTC) :I realise this. I'm just trying to discourage people from making edits which might provoke more edit warring. -- User:Grunt User_talk:Grunt 17:42, 2004 Aug 26 (UTC) ==my changes== I hope my changes aren't, you know, offensive, but I noticed a few POV problems, and a lot of unlinked words... User:Ugen64 20:57, Aug 28, 2004 (UTC) == User:LinkBot/suggestions/Azerbaijan == An User:LinkBot has some possible wiki link suggestions for the Azerbaijan article, and they have been placed on User:LinkBot/suggestions/Azerbaijan for your convenience.
''Tip:'' Some people find it helpful if these suggestions are shown on this talk page, rather than on another page. To do this, just addli:Azerbaidzjan to the list of interwikis. I am to create the relevant article in a few minutes. Thanks in advance. User:Caesarion 15:15, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
== Response to user "El C": Sources for the relevant ASSERTIONS are inherent in the local HISTORY! ==
"Hairsplitting" should not be utilized as a means of distraction from obvious lack of KNOWLEDGE! The Assertions were made building on well-founded Information! (not by myself, though). Your apparent reference to Gogol characters and the sockpuppet page are entirely uncalled for. If you had any knowledge with respect to the local history, you would not approach me in this trivial manner, let allone call my contribution "vandalism". --User:Bagration-Mukhransky 09:31, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
:The point is I *don't* know about the local history, which is why I am reverting the WP:CITE material, one that is very similar to the one contributed by the anonymous ip. To my knowledge, I have only reverted vandalism in this article —mostly, much more crude, and which mostly seems to come either from Azeri (aggrendizing) or Armenian (diminishing) nationalists— and have not contributed to it in any appreciable way. If it is well founded, then there should be no issue with validating the addition through propper citation of sources. But policy states that the burden of proof falls on the submitter. I'm going to consider any additional uncited reverts as vandalism and have warned Bagration-Mukhransky that this will lead him being blocked. I hope he will listen to reason. User:El C 09:56, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
::My experience with Armenia has been similar as well, except naturally, with Azeri nationalists in this case diminishing and Armenian ones aggrandizing. Which is to be expected. Once Tabib is around, I'm confident that he'll be able to clear this latest incident up. User:El C 11:57, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
::::This is surely NOT in the interest of WIKIPEDIA! I find it highly questionable indeed, that self-righteous "deputy sheriffs", despite of their obvious and admitted lack of relevant knowledge, feel free to wildly revert sensible edits and confront people in the known with snotty (if not cocky) argumentation. How can edits be termed "vandalism" by a person entirely ignorant of their contents??) On top of that openly teaming up with Individuals, with whom they seem to accord , for some reason. And what, prey tell me, is wrong with anonymous ips, posting sensible info?? As long as such conduct is tolerated by the responsible people on this platform, Wikipedia will remain unreliable and misleading, to a considerable extent. --User:Bagration-Mukhransky 20:11, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
:::I'm just asking that a source be provided for this "well-founded" claims – what's the big deal? User:El C 22:15, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
=== Absurd claim on historical ethnic demoghraphics ===
I think I should intervene here to express my support to User:El C for reverting User:Rovoam spurious edits as well as for his legitimate point in his communication with User:Bagration-Mukhransky about citing sources first before making any substantial edits.
From history logs I have noticed that there was a brief mutual reverting between User:El C and User:Bagration-Mukhransky (e.g. [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Azerbaijan&diff=15238566&oldid=15222809]).
I want to state right away that the edits that Bagration-Mukhransky supported are totally false. I do not question this user's good faith, but I think it is necessary for you and all editors to know that this absurd claim that allegedly "the Azeri Turks" comprised only "around 30%" of the population of Azerbaijan, whereas Talysh minority ostensibly constituted 60% (?!) is simply absurd. (Btw, today Talysh number around 50-70,000 in present-day Azerbaijan and are the fastest growing population group in Azerbaijan). This absurd and stupid claim was first introduced by vandal Rovoam in Azerbaijanis as a part of his massive and wide-range vandalism which covered more than thirty (!) Azerbaijan and Turkey-related WP entries. He is still introducing same vandalisms in that entry, in many other Azerbaijan-related entries and even such unrelated entry as Ottoman Turks (e.g. [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_Turks&diff=0&oldid=14992929]) or Ottoman Empire (e.g. [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_Empire&diff=0&oldid=14992929])
As I said, I do not want to question Bagration-Mukhransky's good faith in his edits, but those spurious edits come from vandal and everyone should bear this in mind. I have also expressed similar concerns in Talk:Azeri, where Rovoam introduced same vandal edits. Hope, my message was helpful for you to understand the situation. I call you all to join me and many other editors in common struggle against Rovoam. For additional info, look at User_talk:65.148.153.202.--User:Tabib 15:20, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)
==Azerbayjan was not inhabited by TURCS prior to Seljuq migration to this area!==
Interesting to note that nothing seems to have changed around here! The same old bickering on account of nationalist POV wherever user Tabib Husseynov gets involved (or some uneducated but passionate helpers at his side??) People around here act like ignorant medeaval chronies , running after innocent people , burning them as witches, though now they term them VANDALS (my own - previous - account was blocked on such ludicrous grounds.....) --User:Luba Gerasimova 19:07, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
:Thank you. While indeed, I am thoroughly uneducated, I am nonetheless well-meaning, and I hope that is how I am percieved (I have no particularly strong view on Azeri history). From this position, then, I hold the opinion that referencing claims about the ''origin of the name'' is, in the interests of stability, a desirable practice, esp. when these are seemingly more related to an historical overview and ethnography rather than etymology. I remain, as always, open to persuasion. And, again, I thank you for your note. User:El C 22:42, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
::El C, and all other editors, the "user" above "Luba Gerasimova" is a banned vandal and sockpuppeteer Baku Ibne/Osmanoglou/LIGerasimova. Pls, disregard all his edits and comments. For details, pls, see, Wikipedia:Requests_for_arbitration/Baku_Ibne%2C_et_al.#Final_decision on this vandal.--User:Tabib 11:59, Jun 17, 2005 (UTC)
== Azerbaijani literature cleanup ==
Hi all, I have been tasked with cleaning up the Azerbaijani literature article as part of my involvement with the Wikipedia:Cleanup Taskforce. I am interested in literature in general but confess I have no specific knowledge of Azerbaijani literature, so I wanted to leave a message here on this talk page to see if anyone is interested in helping to improve the article. Thanks for your attention. · User:Katefan0User talk:Katefan0 15:51, Jun 17, 2005 (UTC)
The message is not factual: the articles are not edited by residents only, the most frequent pro-Republic of Azerbaijan editors use AOL IP addresses, and the most frequent pro-Iran editor (K1) doesn't reside in Iran, as far as I can tell. Refdoc does not reside in Iran either. The message is not neutral either: some people consider "the area of Azerbaijan" as referring to both Republic of Azerbaijan and Iranian Azerbaijan offensive and factually incorrect. They consider these two areas named similarly. User:Roozbeh 11:09, Aug 28, 2004 (UTC) :The color hurts my eyes - someone change it to lightgoldenrod or something, lol... User:Ugen64 20:43, Aug 28, 2004 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Azerbaijan:
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan-geo-stub
Azerbaijan/Communications
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Azerbaijan/Foreign_relations
Azerbaijan/Geography
Azerbaijan/Government
Azerbaijan/History
Azerbaijan/Military
Azerbaijan/People
Azerbaijan/Transnational_issues
Azerbaijan/Transportation
Azerbaijani
Azerbaijanian
Azerbaijanian_cuisine
Azerbaijanian_language
Azerbaijanis
Azerbaijanis
Azerbaijani_actors
Azerbaijani_Alphabet
Azerbaijani_alphabet
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Azerbaijani_chess_players
Azerbaijani_composers
Azerbaijani_culture
Azerbaijani_Democratic_Party
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Azerbaijani_football
Azerbaijani_football_clubs
Azerbaijani_hip_hop
Azerbaijani_jazz_musicians
Azerbaijani_journalists
Azerbaijani_language
Azerbaijani_language
Azerbaijani_literature
Azerbaijani_literature
Azerbaijani_mathematicians
Azerbaijani_music
Azerbaijani_musicians
Azerbaijani_people
Azerbaijani_people_by_occupation
Azerbaijani_pianists
Azerbaijani_politicians
Azerbaijani_Republic
Azerbaijani_scientists
Azerbaijani_singers
Azerbaijani_sport
Azerbaijani_sportspeople
Azerbaijan_(disambiguation)
Azerbaijan_(disambiguation)
Azerbaijan_Airlines
Azerbaijan_at_the_2004_Olympics
Azerbaijan_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics
Azerbaijan_Communist_Party
Azerbaijan_Democratic_Party_(ADF)
Azerbaijan_Democratic_Party_(ADP)
Azerbaijan_geography_stubs
Azerbaijan_images
Azerbaijan_infobox
Azerbaijan_Liberal_Party
Azerbaijan_national_football_team
Azerbaijan_National_Independence_Party
Azerbaijan_People's_Government
Azerbaijan_Popular_Front
Azerbaijan_presidential_election,_2003
Azerbaijan_Republic
Azerbaijan_Social_Democratic_Party
Azerbaijan_SSR
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani language: Azərbaycan) is a country in the Caucasus, at the crossroads of Europe and Southwest Asia, with an eastern coast on the Caspian Sea. It has frontiers with Russia in the north, Georgia (country) in the northwest, Armenia in the west, and Iran in the south. The Nakhichevan (an exclave of Azerbaijan) borders Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and Turkey to the northwest. The country’s formal name is the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani language: Azərbaycan Respublikası). Azerbaijan is a secular state, and has been a member of the Council of Europe since 2001. A majority of the population are Shia Muslim and of Western Turkic descent, known as Azerbaijanis, or simply Azeris. The country is formally an emerging democracy, however with strong Authoritarianism rule. {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0.5em 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+Azərbaycan Respublikası |- | style="background: #efefef;" align=center colspan=2 | {| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 |- | align=center width="140px" | | align=center width="140px" | |- | align=center width="140px" | (Flag of Azerbaijan) | align=center width="140px" | (Coat of Arms of Azerbaijan) |} |- | align=center colspan=2 | ''National motto: None'' |- | align=center colspan=2 | |- | Official language || Azerbaijani language |- | Capital || Baku |- | Capital’s coordinates || |- | President of Azerbaijan || Ilham Aliyev |- | Prime Minister of Azerbaijan || Artur Rasizade |- | Area
– Total
– % water | List of countries by area
1 E10 m²
Negligible |- | Population
– Total
– Population density | List of countries by population
7,868,385 (As of 2004 Estimation)
90/km². |- | Collapse of the Soviet Union
– Date | From Soviet Union
30 August 1991 |- | Currency || Manat (AZM) |- | Time zone || Coordinated Universal Time +4 (Daylight Saving Time) |- | valign=top | National anthem || National Anthem of the Republic of Azerbaijan |- | Top-level domain || .az |- | List of country calling codes || 994 |} == Origin and history of the name == There are several hypotheses regarding the origins of the name "Azerbaijan." The most common theory is that it is derived from "Atropatan." Atropat was the satrap at the time of the Persian empire Achaemenid dynasty, and gained independence after Alexander the Great destroyed the Achaemenids. The region was known as ''Medes Atropatia'' or ''Atropatene'' at the time. There are also alternative opinions that the term is a slight Turkification of ''Azarbaijan'', in turn an Arabicized version of the original Persian name ''Azarpayagan'', made up of ''azar+payag+an'' (''azar''=fire; ''payag''=base; ''an''=suffix of location); that it traditionally means "the land of eternal flames" or "the land of fire." Some Azeri historians also contend that the name is made up of four Azerbaijani language components: ''az+er+bay+can'', which means "the land of the brave Az people" or "an elevated place for the wealthy and exalted." Historically, the territory of the present-day Azerbaijan Republic, sometimes referred to as North Azerbaijan, has also been called Arran (Azerbaijan), named after Arran, a legendary founder of Caucasian Albania. However, the precise location identified by this name has shifted somewhat over time, currently referring to the lowland Karabakh plains situated between the Kura and Araks rivers. Despite the demonstrable antiquity of the name, some opponents of the name ''Azerbaijan'' assert that it is anachronistic to use it in a historical context before 1918, because, they say, the term was first introduced by the national intelligentsia in early 20th century and later was endorsed by the Bolsheviks, with intention of claiming the northern province of Persia. To substantiate this claim they state that till early 20th century the population of present-day Azerbaijan had no clear ethnic identification and referred to themselves primarily as "Muslims." == History == ''Main article: History of Azerbaijan'' Historically Azerbaijan has been occupied by a variety of peoples, including Persians, Roman Empire, Arabs, Turks, Mongols and Russians. The first state to emerge in the territory of present-day Republic of Azerbaijan was Mannai in the 9th century BC, lasting until 616 BC when it was overthrown by the Medes. The satrapies of Atropatene and Caucasian Albania were established in the 4th century BC and included the approximate territories of present-day Azerbaijan and southern parts of Dagestan. Islam spread in Azerbaijan following the Arab conquests in the 7th century–8th century. In the 11th century, the Seljuk Turks became the dominant force in Azerbaijan and laid the ethnic foundation of contemporary Azerbaijanis. In the 13th century–14th century, the country experienced Mongol-Tatar invasions. Azerbaijan was part of the Safavids in 15th century–18th century. It also underwent a brief period of feudal fragmentation in the mid-18th to early 19th centuries, and consisted of independent khanates. Following the two wars between the Qajars of Persian Empire and the Russian Empire, Azerbaijan was acquired by Russia through the Treaty of Gulistan in 1813, and the Treaty of Turkmenchay in 1828. After the collapse of the Russian Empire during World War I, Azerbaijan declared independence and established the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. This first Muslim republic in the world lasted only two years, from 1918 to 1920, before the Soviet Red Army invaded Azerbaijan. Subsequently, Azerbaijan became part of the Soviet Union. Azerbaijan re-established its independence upon the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Despite a cease-fire in place since 1994, Azerbaijan has yet to resolve its conflict with Armenia over the Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh enclave (largely Armenian-populated). Azerbaijan has lost 16% of its territory, and must support some 800,000 refugees and internally displaced persons as a result of the conflict. == Politics == ''Main article: Politics of Azerbaijan'' Azerbaijan is a presidential republic. The head of state and head of government are separate from the country’s law-making body. The people elect the president of Azerbaijan for a five-year term of office. The president appoints all cabinet-level government administrators. A fifty-member national assembly makes the country’s laws. The people of Azerbaijan elect the National Assembly. Azerbaijan has universal suffrage above the age of eighteen. However, the Azerbaijani government has been accused of widespread corruption (a kleptocracy, according to some people). == Administrative divisions == ''Main article: Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan'' Azerbaijan is divided into: *59 rayons (rayonlar; rayon – singular), *11 cities* (şəhərlər; şəhər – singular), *1 autonomous republic** (muxtar respublika); Absheron Rayonu, Agjabedi Rayonu, Agdam Rayonu, Agdash Rayonu, Agstafa Rayonu, Agsu Rayonu, Ali Bayramli Sahari*, Astara Rayonu, Baku Sahari*, Balakan Rayonu, Barda Rayonu, Beylaqan Rayonu, Bilasuvar Rayonu, Jabrayil Rayonu, Calilabad Rayonu, Dashkasan Rayonu, Davaci Rayonu, Fizuli Rayonu, Gadabay Rayonu, Ganja_(city) Sahari*, Goranboy Rayonu, Goychay Rayonu, Hajigabul Rayonu, Imishli Rayonu, Ismayilli Rayonu, Kalbajar Rayonu, Kurdamir Rayonu, Lachin Rayonu, Lankaran Rayonu, Lankaran Sahari*, Lerik Rayonu, Masalli Rayonu, Mingechevir Sahari*, Naftalan Sahari*, Nakhichevan**, Neftchala Rayonu, Oguz Rayonu, Gabala Rayonu, Gakh Rayonu, Gazakh Rayonu, Gobustan Rayonu, Guba Rayonu, Gubadly Rayonu, Gusar Rayonu, Saatli Rayonu, Sabirabad Rayonu, Sheki Rayonu, Sheki Sahari*, Salyan Rayonu, Shamakhy Rayonu, Shamkir Rayonu, Samux Rayonu, Siyazan Rayonu, Sumqayit Sahari*, Shusha Rayonu, Shusha Sahari*, Tartar Rayonu, Tovuz Rayonu, Ujar Rayonu, Khachmaz Rayonu, Khankendi Sahari*, Khanlar Rayonu, Khizi Rayonu, Khojaly Rayonu, Khojavend Rayonu, Yardimli Rayonu, Yevlakh Rayonu, Yevlakh Sahari*, Zangilan Rayonu, Zagatala Rayonu, Zardab Rayonu. == Geography == ''Main article: Geography of Azerbaijan'' Azerbaijan has an arid climate, except in the southeast near Gilan. Temperatures vary by season. In the southeast lowland, temperatures average 6°C (43°F) in the winter and 26°C (80°F) in the summer — though daily maxima typically reach 32°C (89°F). In the northern and western mountain ranges, temperatures average 12°C (55°F) in the summer and –9°C (20°F) in the winter. Annual rainfall over most of the country varies from 200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 inches) and is generally lowest in the northeast. In the far southeast, however, the climate is much moister and annual rainfall can be as high as 1300 mm (51 inches). For most of the country, the wettest periods are in spring and autumn, with summers being the driest. == Economy == ''Main article: Economy of Azerbaijan'' The economy is largely based on industry. Industries include machine manufacture, petroleum and other mining, petroleum refining, textiles production, and chemical processing. Agriculture accounts for one-third of Azerbaijan’s economy. Most of the nation’s farms are irrigation. In the lowlands, farmers grow such crops as cotton, fruit, cereal, tea, tobacco, and many types of vegetables. Silkworms are raised for the production of natural silk for the clothing industry. Azerbaijan’s herders raise cattle, sheep and goats near the mountain ranges. Seafood and fish are caught in the nearby Caspian Sea. Azerbaijan has a highly dynamic economy, mainly because of oil, and has a GDP growth rate of up to 11% a year. == Demographics == ''Main article: Demographics of Azerbaijan'' According to the CIA World Factbook, about eighty-nine percent of Azerbaijan’s population is ethnic Azerbaijanis, or Azeris. Other major ethnicities include local Talysh, Lezgi, Avar and Tat and numerous other minorities, as well as Russians. Some people argue that the number of Talysh is more than officially recorded, as many of them are counted as Azerbaijanis. The country’s large Armenian population mostly fled to Armenia and to other countries with the beginning of the Armenian-Azeri conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. During the same period, Azerbaijan also received a large influx of Azerbaijanis fleeing Armenia and later Nagorno-Karabakh and adjacent provinces occupied by the Armenians. Most Azerbaijanis, or Azeris, are Shia Islam. Other religions or philosophy beliefs that are followed by many in the country are the Sunni and Sufi sects of Islam, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Russian Orthodox Church, and various secular beliefs (many of which are left over from the Soviet era of less tolerance for spirituality). == Culture == ''Main article: Culture of Azerbaijan'' The official language of Azerbaijan is Azerbaijani, a member of the Oguz subdivision of the Turkic language family, and is spoken by around 95% of the republic’s population, as well as about a quarter of the population of Iran. Its closest relatives are Turkish language and Turkmen language. As a result of the language policy of the Soviet Union, Russian is also commonly spoken as a second language among the urbane. * Music of Azerbaijan * Islam in Azerbaijan * Azerbaijani literature == Miscellaneous topics == * Communications in Azerbaijan * Transportation in Azerbaijan * Military of Azerbaijan * Foreign relations of Azerbaijan * Public holidays in Azerbaijan * List of Azerbaijanis * Nagorno-Karabakh == External links and references== * [http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/aj.html CIA World Factbook — Azerbaijan] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/1235976.stm BBC Country Profile: Azerbaijan] * [http://www.azerb.com/ Azerbaijan from A to Z] * [http://www.zerbaijan.com/ Virtual Azerbaijan Republic] *[http://www.caucaz.com/home_uk Caucaz.com]: Weekly online publishing articles and reports about Azerbaijan and South Caucasus. Available in English and French *[http://www.bakutoday.net Baku Today] *[http://www.president.az/index_e.html President of the Republic of Azerbaijan] *[http://www.azstat.org/indexen.php State Statistical Committee of the Azerbaijan Republic] *[http://www.un-az.org United Nations Office in Azerbaijan] with a [http://www.un-az.org/couinf.htm country report] *[http://www.loc.gov/rr/international/amed/azerbaijan/azerbaijan.html Library of Congress Portals on the World — Azerbaijan] *[http://bakuservices.com Azerbaijan Travel Services] *[http://numismondo.com/pm/aze/ Azerbaijan Paper Money]: Issues from the Russian, Iranian and Autonomous Republic periods as well as current Republic issues Caucasus Azerbaijan az:Azərbaycan bn:আজারবাইজান bs:Azerbejdžan fa:جمهوری آذربایجان hi:अज़रबैजान ka:აზერბაიჯანი lv:Azerbaidžāna li:Azerbaidzjan ms:Azerbaijan zh-min-nan:Azerbaijan na:Azerbaijan nds:Aserbaidschan th:ประเทศอาเซอร์ไบจาน
Azerbaijan
Middle Eastern countries European countries Caucasus fa:Category:جمهوری آذربایجان ka:კატეგორია:აზერბაიჯანი
Azerbaijan
''An event mentioned in this article is an Template:August 30 selected anniversaries''. ---- ==Edit war== Special:Contributions/198.81.26.74/User:K1: Please refrain from reverting each other's versions of the article wholesale. It is apparent that you have issues with the content of each other's versions; why not resolve them here, instead? It will save everyone a lot of hassle. Thank you. -- User:Grunt User_talk:Grunt 00:55, 2004 Jun 28 (UTC) Grunt, I can see that we have a bunch of real competent admins here in wikipedia. You and another admin are locking the pages of this guy's version of lies and deceptions and invite me to resolve the problem with him? Can you read and understand plain english? I responded to your comments on the Talk:South Azerbaijan page the other day, and explained that this moron with a random IP and no histoty of constructive work in wikipedia changes the pages with a CLEAR political agenda, and DOES NOT engage in any dialog. He puts out flat out lies, he is not even a registered contributor, and his rubbish get to overridde my work with over a year of active, accurate and useful contributions to Wikipedia. On page Nezami he writes Nezami has works in Turkish. So in the discussion area I tell him why don't you then just name his "Turkish works" in the article? (mind you, there is NONE) He does not respond. So we revert the article to the version that is CORRECT, and he immediately reverts back to his version. The same bullshit is going on a a bunch of pages, ALL OF WHICH are related to one cause: Pan-Turkism. He has today created a new completely false article Persian Chauvinisim in conjunction with his other contaminations of the neighbourhood -- thanks to admins like you who encourage abuse of the open nature of Wikipedia. This moron's IP should have been blocked a long time ago after a couple of warnings when his abuse and malintentions became apparent. User:K1 09:24, 28 Jun 2004 (UTC) :You didn't read m:The wrong version or Wikipedia:Lamest edit wars ever, did you? - User:David Gerard 23:36, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC) :The state of Iran was formed on the basis of 1 thing: To take every neighbour's history and "Persianize" it to make the Persians feel better about themsleves. Shame on those who don't accept other's history it is truely a sad case of feeling low about yourself. -[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Special:Contributions&target=198.81.26.106 198.81.26.106] 23:11, 6 Jul 2004 (UTC) :As far as I'm concerned both of you have equally valid (invalid?) points of view here; we are going to have to accept that fact and attempt to create a version of this article that properly represents both points of view. Clearly two points of view exist; otherwise there wouldn't be enough material to create two versions of the article, would they? If we can just calm down enough to accept that fact, perhaps we'll be able to resolve this whole mess... -- User:Grunt User_talk:Grunt 01:35, 2004 Jul 7 (UTC) Interesting how all the people fighting so passionately for what they write about Azerbaijan are from Iran... All I can read is Iran this, Persia that. I wouldn't be surprised if the admin is some sort of Iranian descent. Is this not supposed to be Azerbaijan's history? As opposed to the glorious Persian history? I hope the brainless admins try searching up some websites made in Azerbaijan to ban these incompetent fools. :: I as an Azerbaijani condamn the Grey Wolf pan-Turkist attempt to fabricate a falsified and distorted history for our land. Its as clear as day that we were a part of Persia before being captured by the Russians. You escape reality just to feel good and bring more misery for the people of Caucasus. Get off of my history and go back to your camps in Ankara. ==Some material from the Persian Encyclopedia== I did some translations from the 1966 Persian Encyclopedia. It is available at Talk:History of Azerbaijan#From my Persian Encyclopedia. User:Roozbeh 02:59, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC) == the yelling at the top == The controversiality notice is supposed to go on the talk page, and that red notice is nothing but an abomination. If someone is constantly vandalizing the page, either work it out somehow or ban them, don't cater to them by screwing up the whole page because of them. --User:Joy 12:32, 26 Aug 2004 (UTC) :I realise this. I'm just trying to discourage people from making edits which might provoke more edit warring. -- User:Grunt User_talk:Grunt 17:42, 2004 Aug 26 (UTC) ==my changes== I hope my changes aren't, you know, offensive, but I noticed a few POV problems, and a lot of unlinked words... User:Ugen64 20:57, Aug 28, 2004 (UTC) == User:LinkBot/suggestions/Azerbaijan == An User:LinkBot has some possible wiki link suggestions for the Azerbaijan article, and they have been placed on User:LinkBot/suggestions/Azerbaijan for your convenience.
''Tip:'' Some people find it helpful if these suggestions are shown on this talk page, rather than on another page. To do this, just add
Azerbaijan
{| id="toc" style="margin: 0 2em 0 2em;"
! style="background:#ccccff" align="center" width="100%" |Administrative_divisions_of_Azerbaijan of Azerbaijan
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| align="center" style="font-size: 90%;" colspan="2" | Abseron Rayonu, Agcabadi Rayonu, Agdam Rayonu, Agdas Rayonu, Agstafa Rayonu, Agsu Rayonu, Ali Bayramli şahari*, Astara Rayonu, Baki şahari*, Balakan Rayonu, Barda Rayonu, Beylaqan Rayonu, Bilasuvar Rayonu, Cabrayil Rayonu, Calilabad Rayonu, Daskasan Rayonu, Davaci Rayonu, Fuzuli Rayonu, Gadabay Rayonu, Ganca şahari*, Goranboy Rayonu, Goycay Rayonu, Haciqabul Rayonu, Imisli Rayonu, Ismayilli Rayonu, Kalbacar Rayonu, Kurdamir Rayonu, Lacin Rayonu, Lankaran Rayonu, Lankaran şahari*, Lerik Rayonu, Masalli Rayonu, Mingacevir şahari*, Naftalan Sahari*, Naxcivan Muxtar Respublikasi**, Neftcala Rayonu, Oguz Rayonu, Qabala Rayonu, Qax Rayonu, Qazax Rayonu, Qobustan Rayonu, Quba Rayonu, Qubadli Rayonu, Qusar Rayonu, Saatli Rayonu, Sabirabad Rayonu, Sheki Rayonu, Sheki şahari*, Salyan Rayonu, Samaxi Rayonu, Samkir Rayonu, Samux Rayonu, Siyazan Rayonu, Sumqayit şahari*, Shusha Rayonu, Shusha şahari*, Tartar Rayonu, Tovuz Rayonu, Ucar, Azerbaijan Rayonu, Xacmaz Rayonu, Xankandi şahari*, Xanlar Rayonu, Xizi Rayonu, Xocali Rayonu, Xocavand Rayonu, Yardimli Rayonu, Yevlax Rayonu, Yevlax Sahari*, Zangilan Rayonu, Zaqatala Rayonu, Zardab Rayonu.
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Azerbaijan
The message is not factual: the articles are not edited by residents only, the most frequent pro-Republic of Azerbaijan editors use AOL IP addresses, and the most frequent pro-Iran editor (K1) doesn't reside in Iran, as far as I can tell. Refdoc does not reside in Iran either. The message is not neutral either: some people consider "the area of Azerbaijan" as referring to both Republic of Azerbaijan and Iranian Azerbaijan offensive and factually incorrect. They consider these two areas named similarly. User:Roozbeh 11:09, Aug 28, 2004 (UTC) :The color hurts my eyes - someone change it to lightgoldenrod or something, lol... User:Ugen64 20:43, Aug 28, 2004 (UTC)
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A
AB | AC | AD | AE | AF | AG | AH | AI | AJ | AK | AL | AM | AN | AO | AP | AR | AS | AT | AU | AW | AX | AY | AZ |Words begining with Azerbaijan:
Azerbaijan
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Azerbaijani_hip_hop
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Azerbaijan_(disambiguation)
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