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Asphalt:''The term asphalt is often used as an abbreviation for asphalt concrete.'' Asphalt is a highly viscosity liquid that occurs naturally in most crude petroleums. Asphalt can be separated from the other components in crude oil (such as naphtha, gasoline and diesel) by the process of fractional distillation, usually under vacuum conditions. A better separation can be achieved by further processing of the heavier fractions of the crude oil in a de-asphalting unit which uses either propane or butane in a supercritical phase to dissolve the lighter molecules which are then separated. Further processing is possible by "blowing" the product: namely reacting it with oxygen. This makes the product harder and more viscous. It is sometimes confused with tar, which is an artificial material produced by the destructive distillation of organic matter. Both tars and asphalts are classified as bitumens, a classification that includes all materials entirely soluble in carbon disulphide. Asphalt is commonly used in roofing shingles, and combined with mineral gravel to make asphalt concrete for making roads. The asphalt used for asphalt concrete is called ''bitumen'' in many countries and is blended up from various components in an oil refinery to meet the desired hardness. Asphalt is rather hard to transport in bulk (it hardens unless kept very hot) so it is sometimes mixed with diesel or kerosene before shipping. Upon delivery, these lighter materials are separated out of the mixture. This mixture is often called bitumen feedstock, or BFS. Gilsonite is a natural form of asphalt. ==External link== *[http://www.biffvernon.freeserve.co.uk/black_stuff.htm Black Stuff] Petroleum Construction Pavements AsphaltBitumen and asphalt are both naturally occuring minerals that are used in various combinations to create a very durable surface suitable for roads. The finished combination is often called tarmac which, strictly speaking, is incorrect. Tarmac is short for "tar-macadam", meaning a coating of tar (or bitumen) on the surface of a ''macadamised road'' - this being the near-universal modern method of road construction invented by John MacAdam near the end of the 18th Century. It involves laying a well-drained foundation of large stones, overlaid with crushed rock, which is bound with gravel, watered, and compacted to form a tough, durable roadway which can shed rainwater and stand up to heavy traffic. MacAdam built experimental roads on his private estate in Scotland, then became responsible for road building in the Bristol area, and was eventually made surveyor-general of roads in England. By the end of the 19th Century, his methods had been adopted all over the world. With the rise of the bicycle and the motor car came the final refinment: spreading a thin layer of asphalt over the surface of a macadised road to form "tar-macadam" or, as it is called today, "tarmac". : It seems that Karen's keyboard is running hot. I'll go find an area where I don't have to type so fast! User:Tannin I'm not all that proficient in English, and do not know what "roofing shingles" mean. Kdict offers the following explanations for 'shingles': 1) Eruptions along a nerve path often accompanied by severe neuralgia 2) A kind of herpes (Herpes zoster) which spreads half way around the body like a girdle, and is usually attended with violent neuralgic pain. Niether of which seems appropriate. Is there a typo here, or do shingles mean tiles? User:Cederal Yep: shingles is effectively another word for tiles: in Australia at least I'd use to mean small tiles, typically made of wood, but can't speak for other forms of english. --User:GPoss 09:37, Aug 3, 2004 (UTC) == Suggest 1 possible wiki link and 1 possible backlink for Asphalt. == An User:Nickj/Link_Suggester has some possible wiki link suggestions for the Asphalt article: * Can link organic matter: ''User talk:LinkBot'': User:Nickj/Link Suggester/Positive Feedback, User:Nickj/Link Suggester/Negative Feedback, User:Nickj/Link Suggester/Don't link to — User:LinkBot 11:30, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC) == Ashphalt == The mis-spelling is not rare, as a Google search shows, and the mis-pronounciation is not rare either (I didn't know it was a mis-pronounciation). User:Brianjd 06:18, 2004 Dec 12 (UTC) :Brianjd, I'm afraid I have to disagree with you here if you are going to use Google to back this up. There are 8,510 hits for ashphalt vs. 5,070,000 hits for asphalt, so that is a rate of about 1 misspelling in 1,000, which is definitely uncommon—moreover it seems like there is actually a band or song with the neologism "ashphalt" in it so not all of these are actually misspellings for asphalt. If every misspelling that occurred at a rate of 1 in 1000 or more was included in Wikipedia, then most of the entries in Wikipedia would need a section containing a litany of misspellings. I am going to take this back out. Please do not revert this unless you can provide a new justification as to why this is an exceptional enough misspelling to mention here. User:NTK 06:27, 12 Dec 2004 (UTC) See other meanings of words starting from letter: AAB | AC | AD | AE | AF | AG | AH | AI | AJ | AK | AL | AM | AN | AO | AP | AR | AS | AT | AU | AW | AX | AY | AZ |Words begining with Asphalt: Asphalt Asphalt Asphaltum Asphalt_concrete Asphalt_concrete Asphalt_paving Asphalt_Urban_GT Asphalt_Warriors
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