
{|align=right | |- | |- | |- | |} Asbestos (Greek a-, "not"; sbestos, "extinguishable") is a group of fibrous metamorphic rocks. The name is derived for its historical use in lamp wicks; the resistance of asbestos to fire has long been exploited for a variety of purposes. It was used in fabrics such as Egyptian burial cloths and Charlemagne's tablecloth, which, according to legend, he threw in a fire to clean. When asbestos is used for its resistance to fire or heat, the fibers are typically mixed with cement or woven into fabric or mats. It was used in brake shoes and gaskets for its heat resistance, on electric oven and hotplate wiring for its electrical insulation at elevated temperature, and in buildings for its flame-retardant and insulating properties, its tensile strength, flexibility, and resistance to chemicals. However, the inhalation of asbestos fibers is now known to cause various illnesses, including cancer, and thus most uses of asbestos are banned in many countries. Fiberglass has been found to be a suitable substitute for thermal insulation and woven ceramic fiber performs as well or better as an insulator of high-temperature electrical conductors. Most respirable asbestos fibers are invisible to the unaided human eye because their size is about 3.0-20.0 Micrometre in length and can be as thin as 0.01 µm. Fibers ultimately form because when these minerals originally cooled and crystallized, they formed by the polymeric molecules lining up parallel with each other and forming oriented crystal lattices. These crystals thus have three cleavage planes as other minerals and gemstones have. But in their case, there are two cleavage planes that are much weaker than the third direction. Thus when sufficient force is applied they tend to break along their weakest directions, resulting in a linear fragmentation pattern and hence a fibrous form. This fracture process can keep occurring over and over until they have been broken down to their smallest unit dimensions. For this reason, one larger asbestos fiber can ultimately become the source of hundreds of much thinner and smaller fibers in a normal environment over the course of time. As they get smaller and lighter, they become more mobile and more easily entrained (wafted) into the air, where human respiratory exposures typically result. Confusingly, the Modern Greek word ''asbestos'' means ''calcium oxide''. ==Types of asbestos== *Chrysotile, or ''white asbestos'', is obtained from Canadian serpentine rocks. It is less friable (and therefore less likely to be inhaled) than the other types and is the type most often used industrially. Chrysotile should not be confused with chrysolite, a synonym of olivine. *Amosite, or ''brown asbestos'', is an amphibole from Africa. *Crocidolite, or ''blue asbestos'', is an amphibole from Africa and Australia. It is the fibrous form of riebeckite. Blue asbestos is commonly thought of as the most dangerous type of asbestos (see above and below). Notes: Serpentine rocks are those with curled fibres. Amphiboles have straight, needle-like fibres. The amphiboles, in their fibrous form, are friable and therefore the most carcinogenic, although they also exist in safer non-fibrous forms. Other asbestos minerals, such as tremolite, actinolite and anthophyllite are less-used industrially but can still be found in a variety of construction materials and insulations and occur in a few consumer products, such as talcum powders and vermicullite. In the United States, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has banned all construction-related products that have asbestos content of 1% or greater. It has also banned asbestos in all other friable (easily crushed by finger pressure) products. ==Asbestos-related diseases== ===Asbestosis and cancer=== Strong concerns about the health hazards associated with asbestos had been described many times over the years. As early as 1898 the Chief Inspector of Factories of the United Kingdom reported to Parliament in his Annual Report about the "evil effects of asbestos dust". He reported the "sharp, glass like nature of the particles" when allowed to remain in the air in any quantity, "have been found to be injurious, as might have been expected" (Report of the Select Committee 1994). In 1906 a British Parliamentary Commission confirmed the first cases of asbestos deaths in factories in Britain and recommended better ventilation and other safety measures. In 1918 a US insurance company produced a study showing premature deaths in the asbestos industry in the United States and in 1926 the Massachusetts Industrial Accidents Board processed the first successful compensation claim by a sick asbestos worker. The fine asbestos fibres are easily inhaled, and can cause a number of respiratory complaints, including a potentially serious lung fibrosis called ''asbestosis''. Exposure to asbestos has also been determined to cause a very serious form of cancer, mesothelioma, that occurs in the chest and abdominal cavities. This aggressive disease is not properly referred to as a lung cancer, as the malignant cells are derived from the mesothelium, a tissue found on the inner walls of the chest and abdominal cavities and on the outer surface of the lungs rather than in the lung itself. When inhaled, asbestos is carcinogenic. In the United States alone, it is estimated that ten thousand people die each year of asbestos-related diseases, such as mesothelioma, asbestosis, lung cancer, and gastrointestinal cancer. Asbestos has a synergistic effect with tobacco smoking in the causation of lung cancer. ===Other asbestos-related diseases=== *''asbestos warts'' – caused when the sharp fibres lodge in the skin and are overgrown causing benign callus-like growths. *''pleural plaques'' – discrete fibrous or partially calcified thickened area which can be seen on X-rays of individuals exposed to asbestos. They do not become malignant nor normally cause any lung impairment. *''diffuse pleural thickening'' – similar to above and can sometimes be associated with asbestosis. Usually no symptoms shown but if extensive can cause lung impairment. ==Litigation== In the United States, asbestos was one of the first hazardous air pollutants regulated under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act (USA) (1970) of 1970. Today, lawsuits claiming that asbestos caused plaintiffs' diseases form a gigantic part of the total amount of lawsuits pending in American courts. Since the late 1970s, approximately 6% of all filings in American courts each year were related to asbestos. As of 2004, asbestos cases result in about 600 to 700 appellate opinions per year (that is, including both federal and state courts); this number obviously does not include countless more cases that were not appealed, or were settled or otherwise abandoned before trial. Estimates of total American deaths attributable to asbestos range from 200,000 to 265,000 (according to the March 1991 Report of the Judicial Conference Ad Hoc Committee on Asbestos Litigation). Asbestos-related cases were a rare sight on the U.S. Supreme Court docket prior to 1980, but since then, the Court has dealt with asbestos-injury cases in 2002, 1999, 1997, 1995, 1993, and 1986. The 1999 and 1997 cases both involved giant settlement class actions that were designed to stabilize the liability of the largest defendants. Both settlements were ultimately overturned by the Court. In the U.S. Congress, legislation has been introduced each session for many years, proposing to ban civil lawsuits against asbestos manufacturers and instead establish a settlement fund for victims. Asbestos liability is by far the largest issue facing the global insurance industry today, with the industry protesting because many are suing because they have been exposed but have not as yet contracted asbestos-related lung diseases, which have latency periods of 10-40 years. In mid-2004, a huge public outcry across Australia followed revelations at a New South Wales government-sanctioned inquiry into the company James Hardie's handling of its asbestos injury liabilities. In Brazil, prohibition of extraction and use of asbestos is currently under consideration. ==Removal of asbestos== Many buildings contain asbestos, which was used as a flame retardant. Typically, asbestos was "flocked" under false ceilings, inside technical ducts, and in many other small spaces where firefighters would have difficulty gaining access. Structural components like asbestos panels were also used. In residences, it was often a component of a type of flocked acoustic ceiling called "popcorn ceiling", until its production was banned in the U.S. in 1978. However, the ban allowed installers to use up remaining stocks, so houses built as late as 1986 could still have asbestos in their acoustic ceilings. The only way to be sure is to remove a sample and have it tested by a competent laboratory. Depending on how and where asbestos was applied, it might not pose any risk to most users of the building. If the fibers cannot dislodge themselves, they cannot be inhaled, and thus the risk is absent. However, with certain ways of applying asbestos, particularly flocking, asbestos fibers may gradually drop off into the air. Furthermore, in all cases, asbestos poses special hazards to maintenance personnel who have to drill holes in walls for installation of cables or pipes. Also, even if the workers are protected, such maintenance operation may release fibers into the air, which may be inhaled by other users later. As a consequence, interventions in areas where asbestos is present often have to follow stringent procedures. The removal of asbestos from a building is quite difficult because of the above constraints. If removal is to be performed when users are still present in the building, it is usually necessary to relocate some of them temporarily. Typically, the part of the building from which asbestos is being removed has to be sealed off in order to prevent contamination of the other areas. Even if the building is closed to normal users, it is necessary to seal it off from outside atmosphere so that innocent bystanders are not contaminated. Accordingly, asbestos removal projects are long and costly. Examples of long asbestos removal enterprises include the Jussieu Campus (begun circa 1996 and still going on as of 2005) and the ''Tour Montparnasse'' (in 2005, projected duration was 3 years if the tower was emptied of its users, and 10 years if it was not). An asbestos-containing building that is to be torn down may have to be sealed, and to have its asbestos safely removed first before ordinary demolition can be performed. The asbestos removal may take longer and cost more than the actual tearing-down of the building. ==See also== *Eternit *Industrial health and safety issues in asbestos-related diseases *List of minerals *Vermiculite ==External links== *[http://asbestos.blogspirit.com/ Asbestos Reporter] *[http://www.epa.gov/asbestos/index.html U.S. EPA Asbestos Home Page] *[http://www.asbestosnews.com/html/schools.html Asbestos in Schools] *[http://www.safetyline.wa.gov.au/institute/level2/course21/lecture95/l95_04.asp Health History Source: Article by the SafetyLine Institute - WorkSafe - Western Australian state government] *[http://www.hse.gov.uk/asbestos/ British Government Health and Safety Executive (HSE)] *[http://www.aisolutions.co.uk/community/hse-awareness-campaign/ HSE Asbestos Awareness Campaign] *[http://www.aisolutions.co.uk/products/toolkit-cs/asbestos/ UK Asbestos Management Software] *[http://www.tuc.org.uk/h_and_s/index.cfm?mins=262 Health and Safety - Asbestosis (TUC Resources, UK)] *[http://www.mccord-museum.qc.ca/en/keys/webtours/VQ_P3_11_EN.html White Gold Pioneers: Asbestos Mining] — The origins of asbestos mining, illustrated with many early photographs Asbestos simple:asbestos
Asbestos
{|align=right | |- | |- | |- | |} Asbestos (Greek a-, "not"; sbestos, "extinguishable") is a group of fibrous metamorphic rocks. The name is derived for its historical use in lamp wicks; the resistance of asbestos to fire has long been exploited for a variety of purposes. It was used in fabrics such as Egyptian burial cloths and Charlemagne's tablecloth, which, according to legend, he threw in a fire to clean. When asbestos is used for its resistance to fire or heat, the fibers are typically mixed with cement or woven into fabric or mats. It was used in brake shoes and gaskets for its heat resistance, on electric oven and hotplate wiring for its electrical insulation at elevated temperature, and in buildings for its flame-retardant and insulating properties, its tensile strength, flexibility, and resistance to chemicals. However, the inhalation of asbestos fibers is now known to cause various illnesses, including cancer, and thus most uses of asbestos are banned in many countries. Fiberglass has been found to be a suitable substitute for thermal insulation and woven ceramic fiber performs as well or better as an insulator of high-temperature electrical conductors. Most respirable asbestos fibers are invisible to the unaided human eye because their size is about 3.0-20.0 Micrometre in length and can be as thin as 0.01 µm. Fibers ultimately form because when these minerals originally cooled and crystallized, they formed by the polymeric molecules lining up parallel with each other and forming oriented crystal lattices. These crystals thus have three cleavage planes as other minerals and gemstones have. But in their case, there are two cleavage planes that are much weaker than the third direction. Thus when sufficient force is applied they tend to break along their weakest directions, resulting in a linear fragmentation pattern and hence a fibrous form. This fracture process can keep occurring over and over until they have been broken down to their smallest unit dimensions. For this reason, one larger asbestos fiber can ultimately become the source of hundreds of much thinner and smaller fibers in a normal environment over the course of time. As they get smaller and lighter, they become more mobile and more easily entrained (wafted) into the air, where human respiratory exposures typically result. Confusingly, the Modern Greek word ''asbestos'' means ''calcium oxide''. ==Types of asbestos== *Chrysotile, or ''white asbestos'', is obtained from Canadian serpentine rocks. It is less friable (and therefore less likely to be inhaled) than the other types and is the type most often used industrially. Chrysotile should not be confused with chrysolite, a synonym of olivine. *Amosite, or ''brown asbestos'', is an amphibole from Africa. *Crocidolite, or ''blue asbestos'', is an amphibole from Africa and Australia. It is the fibrous form of riebeckite. Blue asbestos is commonly thought of as the most dangerous type of asbestos (see above and below). Notes: Serpentine rocks are those with curled fibres. Amphiboles have straight, needle-like fibres. The amphiboles, in their fibrous form, are friable and therefore the most carcinogenic, although they also exist in safer non-fibrous forms. Other asbestos minerals, such as tremolite, actinolite and anthophyllite are less-used industrially but can still be found in a variety of construction materials and insulations and occur in a few consumer products, such as talcum powders and vermicullite. In the United States, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has banned all construction-related products that have asbestos content of 1% or greater. It has also banned asbestos in all other friable (easily crushed by finger pressure) products. ==Asbestos-related diseases== ===Asbestosis and cancer=== Strong concerns about the health hazards associated with asbestos had been described many times over the years. As early as 1898 the Chief Inspector of Factories of the United Kingdom reported to Parliament in his Annual Report about the "evil effects of asbestos dust". He reported the "sharp, glass like nature of the particles" when allowed to remain in the air in any quantity, "have been found to be injurious, as might have been expected" (Report of the Select Committee 1994). In 1906 a British Parliamentary Commission confirmed the first cases of asbestos deaths in factories in Britain and recommended better ventilation and other safety measures. In 1918 a US insurance company produced a study showing premature deaths in the asbestos industry in the United States and in 1926 the Massachusetts Industrial Accidents Board processed the first successful compensation claim by a sick asbestos worker. The fine asbestos fibres are easily inhaled, and can cause a number of respiratory complaints, including a potentially serious lung fibrosis called ''asbestosis''. Exposure to asbestos has also been determined to cause a very serious form of cancer, mesothelioma, that occurs in the chest and abdominal cavities. This aggressive disease is not properly referred to as a lung cancer, as the malignant cells are derived from the mesothelium, a tissue found on the inner walls of the chest and abdominal cavities and on the outer surface of the lungs rather than in the lung itself. When inhaled, asbestos is carcinogenic. In the United States alone, it is estimated that ten thousand people die each year of asbestos-related diseases, such as mesothelioma, asbestosis, lung cancer, and gastrointestinal cancer. Asbestos has a synergistic effect with tobacco smoking in the causation of lung cancer. ===Other asbestos-related diseases=== *''asbestos warts'' – caused when the sharp fibres lodge in the skin and are overgrown causing benign callus-like growths. *''pleural plaques'' – discrete fibrous or partially calcified thickened area which can be seen on X-rays of individuals exposed to asbestos. They do not become malignant nor normally cause any lung impairment. *''diffuse pleural thickening'' – similar to above and can sometimes be associated with asbestosis. Usually no symptoms shown but if extensive can cause lung impairment. ==Litigation== In the United States, asbestos was one of the first hazardous air pollutants regulated under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act (USA) (1970) of 1970. Today, lawsuits claiming that asbestos caused plaintiffs' diseases form a gigantic part of the total amount of lawsuits pending in American courts. Since the late 1970s, approximately 6% of all filings in American courts each year were related to asbestos. As of 2004, asbestos cases result in about 600 to 700 appellate opinions per year (that is, including both federal and state courts); this number obviously does not include countless more cases that were not appealed, or were settled or otherwise abandoned before trial. Estimates of total American deaths attributable to asbestos range from 200,000 to 265,000 (according to the March 1991 Report of the Judicial Conference Ad Hoc Committee on Asbestos Litigation). Asbestos-related cases were a rare sight on the U.S. Supreme Court docket prior to 1980, but since then, the Court has dealt with asbestos-injury cases in 2002, 1999, 1997, 1995, 1993, and 1986. The 1999 and 1997 cases both involved giant settlement class actions that were designed to stabilize the liability of the largest defendants. Both settlements were ultimately overturned by the Court. In the U.S. Congress, legislation has been introduced each session for many years, proposing to ban civil lawsuits against asbestos manufacturers and instead establish a settlement fund for victims. Asbestos liability is by far the largest issue facing the global insurance industry today, with the industry protesting because many are suing because they have been exposed but have not as yet contracted asbestos-related lung diseases, which have latency periods of 10-40 years. In mid-2004, a huge public outcry across Australia followed revelations at a New South Wales government-sanctioned inquiry into the company James Hardie's handling of its asbestos injury liabilities. In Brazil, prohibition of extraction and use of asbestos is currently under consideration. ==Removal of asbestos== Many buildings contain asbestos, which was used as a flame retardant. Typically, asbestos was "flocked" under false ceilings, inside technical ducts, and in many other small spaces where firefighters would have difficulty gaining access. Structural components like asbestos panels were also used. In residences, it was often a component of a type of flocked acoustic ceiling called "popcorn ceiling", until its production was banned in the U.S. in 1978. However, the ban allowed installers to use up remaining stocks, so houses built as late as 1986 could still have asbestos in their acoustic ceilings. The only way to be sure is to remove a sample and have it tested by a competent laboratory. Depending on how and where asbestos was applied, it might not pose any risk to most users of the building. If the fibers cannot dislodge themselves, they cannot be inhaled, and thus the risk is absent. However, with certain ways of applying asbestos, particularly flocking, asbestos fibers may gradually drop off into the air. Furthermore, in all cases, asbestos poses special hazards to maintenance personnel who have to drill holes in walls for installation of cables or pipes. Also, even if the workers are protected, such maintenance operation may release fibers into the air, which may be inhaled by other users later. As a consequence, interventions in areas where asbestos is present often have to follow stringent procedures. The removal of asbestos from a building is quite difficult because of the above constraints. If removal is to be performed when users are still present in the building, it is usually necessary to relocate some of them temporarily. Typically, the part of the building from which asbestos is being removed has to be sealed off in order to prevent contamination of the other areas. Even if the building is closed to normal users, it is necessary to seal it off from outside atmosphere so that innocent bystanders are not contaminated. Accordingly, asbestos removal projects are long and costly. Examples of long asbestos removal enterprises include the Jussieu Campus (begun circa 1996 and still going on as of 2005) and the ''Tour Montparnasse'' (in 2005, projected duration was 3 years if the tower was emptied of its users, and 10 years if it was not). An asbestos-containing building that is to be torn down may have to be sealed, and to have its asbestos safely removed first before ordinary demolition can be performed. The asbestos removal may take longer and cost more than the actual tearing-down of the building. ==See also== *Eternit *Industrial health and safety issues in asbestos-related diseases *List of minerals *Vermiculite ==External links== *[http://asbestos.blogspirit.com/ Asbestos Reporter] *[http://www.epa.gov/asbestos/index.html U.S. EPA Asbestos Home Page] *[http://www.asbestosnews.com/html/schools.html Asbestos in Schools] *[http://www.safetyline.wa.gov.au/institute/level2/course21/lecture95/l95_04.asp Health History Source: Article by the SafetyLine Institute - WorkSafe - Western Australian state government] *[http://www.hse.gov.uk/asbestos/ British Government Health and Safety Executive (HSE)] *[http://www.aisolutions.co.uk/community/hse-awareness-campaign/ HSE Asbestos Awareness Campaign] *[http://www.aisolutions.co.uk/products/toolkit-cs/asbestos/ UK Asbestos Management Software] *[http://www.tuc.org.uk/h_and_s/index.cfm?mins=262 Health and Safety - Asbestosis (TUC Resources, UK)] *[http://www.mccord-museum.qc.ca/en/keys/webtours/VQ_P3_11_EN.html White Gold Pioneers: Asbestos Mining] — The origins of asbestos mining, illustrated with many early photographs Asbestos simple:asbestos
Asbestos
User since May 2004
I'm currently pursuing an MSc in Artificial Intelligence at Edinburgh University. Prior to that I recieved my BA in Cognitive Science at Wesleyan University.
You can contact me at (or just by clicking Special:Emailuser/Asbestos) I will make this user page a little better soon, but for the moment I have started Exaptation, Daniel Barringer (geologist), Barringer, Hyperpolyglot, Dangerous Minds, Sideman, Ad infinitum, Dry orgasm, Squirrel Nut Zippers, The Pompatus of Love, Love handles, Middle age, Arcadia University, Baggio, Balian and Capoeira music
... along with numerous other minor edits, clean ups, vandal-hunting, and discussions in many other articles. I also contribute to Wikibooks (see my WB user page b:User:Asbestos). *Want to see your edit count? Try [http://kohl.wikimedia.org/~kate/cgi-bin/count_edits.cgi?user=Asbestos&dbname=enwiki Kate's Tools]. Want other links to tools, help pages, policies and the like? Check out my Vital_Links">/Links. *You find something new every day: While I already go to all these links, a nice collection of daily stops can be found at Wikipedia:Nooks and corners of Wikipedia that should be frequented
I'm a member of the Harmonious_Editing_Club">Wikipedia:Harmonious editing club, so call me out if you think I'm not using Talk pages effectively.
I think this is the one of the most important general editing policies, and it also has the best name: Wikipedia:Stay cool
Feel free to [http://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=User_talk:Asbestos&action=edit§ion=new leave me a message]
{| style="border:1px solid #006600; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:110%;" cellpadding=4 cellspacing=4 align=center width=75% id=toc0
|——————————————— ASBESTOS: TALK ———————————————
| Please, [http://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=User_talk:Asbestos&action=edit§ion=new add] new entries to the bottom and don't forget to sign your name by typing four tildes:~~~~ .
|-
|
{| style="border:1px solid #006600; background-color:#f7f8ff; font-size:85%;" align=center width=100%
|User talk:Asbestos/Archive1
|User talk:Asbestos/Archive2
|User talk:Asbestos/Archive3
|}
|}
==User:Nightlark==
Hi Asbestos,
User:Nightlark, who you have warned already, has just added nonsense to one of my User sub-pages [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Cyberjunkie/Sandbox/User_page_2&action=history]. Could you please block him/her? I haven't the power. Thanks, --User:Cyberjunkie 10:07, 28 May 2005 (UTC)
:Sure, it wasn't a malicious edit, but it was nonsense nevertheless. I have no history with Nightlark, nor have I edited any of the articles s/he has. I suspect Nightlark came across my sub-page at Special:Recent changes. Discussion doesn’t appear to be an option either, given s/he has just blanked their talk page and my comments posted on it. However, this isn't an issue I am going to pursue with any great fervour.
:Thank you for responding, and for providing the above options. For now, I may just monitor Nightlark.--User:Cyberjunkie 10:44, 28 May 2005 (UTC)
==Re: Deleting articles==
Thanks Asbestos. In future, I'll do as you suggest.
--- User:Gurry 08:22, 30 May 2005 (UTC)
== Did you know? ==
{| class="Talk-Notice"
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|:Template:Did you know has been updated. A fact from the article sideman, which you recently created, has been featured in that section on the Main Page. If you know of another interesting fact from a recently-created article, then please suggest it on :Template talk:Did you know.
|}
== User page "vandalism" ==
Just in case you did not notice: for all practical purposes, Amorrow = 204.147.187.240, but I have now fixed my login so that it is sticky (I logged out just to make this page). My POV on Elizabeth Morgan was very personal and creating her biography and my own Amorrow user page have been therapy for my own divorce (10 years ago) from my pediatrician ex-wife. My daughter is now 11 years old and ready for some initial "Facts of Life". My comments on my user page might be half-baked and humourous, but they are not intended to be obscene.
== Welcoming new users ==
Hi! You welcomed me to Wikipedia a few months ago, and I've seen you have been doing the same with other new users from time to time. Was it your personal inniciative, or is it part of a broader Wikipedia project? If it's the latter, I'd like to do it too. The welcoming message made me feel part of Wikipedia, and I think it is a great thing to do :) User:Sarg 12:23, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
*Thanks for the useful information you gave me. I agree with you that it's quite useless to be a member of a group if you are doing the same things anyway :) See ya. User:Sarg 14:52, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
==VFD==
Just letting you know about Wikipedia:Votes for deletion/HYP (universities) 2. If you have an opinion, please vote. —User:Lowellian (User talk:Lowellian) 23:46, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)
==Moka==
Hi. Looking at your image it is, to my eyes anyway, rather unclear as there is middle section appears to just be a funnel and has no apparent way of holding the grounds! It is also quite a bit smaller. Separately though I hadn't realised there was a Moka article and, checking the dates, it appears it should be merged into Coffee percolator as the earliest-created article and also as the encompassing term. Also, most of the text in Moka already exists in the main article. Will do this shortly. --User:VampWillow:User_talk:VampWillow 19:49, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
:Merge completed. I used your photo but reverted to the earlier cross-section as it shows the lower filter. --User:VampWillow:User_talk:VampWillow 20:14, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
:While I remember ... I've always thought that "Moka" was a tradename for the product but can't trace any origin. Any knowledge of the etymology? --User:VampWillow:User_talk:VampWillow 20:16, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
:I note your change (though point out you said ''"Had I realized, I wouldn't have made another image, since your diagram is fine"'') but your replacement image is still over-complicated to describe the functioning plus, eg, both the up and down spouts are closed rather than open. Given that the pre-existing image was perfectly clear in respect of explaining how it worked and you yourself also thought this, I've left it on the article. --User:VampWillow:User_talk:VampWillow 20:42, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
== Iranian opposition group site ==
Dear Asbestos
I am glad someone finally locked the page about Mojahedin-e Khalq because regime was misusing it as its mouthpiece on an encyclopedia which people take seriously. I was hoping that you could read both the discussion board and the history section of the page and you will see that arguments that me and my friend made, and some other people too, were factual (by which I mean we quoted facts which can be researched on the internet), while the regime-affiliated people who changed the page, at one point even wrote "I HATE YOUR GROUP". That obviously shows that he (or they) have serious POV. In responce to facts we presented, they accused me and my friend of being terrorists (on the basis that I live in France!). I hope you can write me back a message, but I also would like to ask you to revert the page to the unbiased version, which at the minimum call the group by the name they call themselves, PMOI, (You know its on the header of their statements, whereas they never use the term MKO). I say this because I don't like to see facts and history re-written and also because I wanted to show my friends the usefulness of Wikipedia (at present they would automatically reject it as a biased site, not a factual one). One last point is that you will notice, I put a lot of effort in writing a lot on the page "Maryam Rajavi", with plenty of facts, but the regime guy has come there aswell and has changed that too. If you just take a look at his version you will see that it is completely biased and to be honest, full of lies. One can tell that he has animosity towards the Iranian opposition group and can sense he is regime-affiliated. --User:RezaKia 06:51, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
== Cross-section of tooth ==
That's a great picture of a tooth! I added it to dentin as well. User:RJFJR 04:04, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)
== Male and Female Images ==
The new images are much better. Thanks! User:Ebeisher 03:38, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
== Volcanic Pipe ==
Hi Asbestos, the diagram you made for volcanic pipe is perfect! Thanks so much! - User:Bantman 04:03, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)
== User page vandalism ==
Hi Solipsist —
thanks for reverting whatever it was that happened to my user page. I had seen it, but as it was a junble of code with everything mixed up, I figured it to be a server problem, not an act of vandalism, so decided to leave it. I guess I should have thought to check the page history. What did the guy do — copy the contents of the page source into the wiki?
Anyway, thanks, — User:Asbestos | User talk:Asbestos 11:03, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
:No worries. I'm not really sure what they did. There was a fair bit of HTML code and #includes - I didn't pay much attention. When I see an anon-IP edit a user page without explanation there is a good chance it is vandalism, but this may just have been a mistake. Either way you are probably better off without it. -- User:Solipsist 12:02, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Minerals Toxicology Fibers
How is asbestos related to mineral wool? --User:Smack (User talk:Smack) 05:34, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Asbestos:
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos,_Quebec
Asbestos-Ceramic
Asbestos/Anon
Asbestos/Archive1
Asbestos/Archive2
Asbestos/Archive3
Asbestos/archived_replies
Asbestos/Asbestosis
Asbestos/Copyvio
Asbestos/GFDL
Asbestos/Images
Asbestos/Links
Asbestos/Redirects
Asbestos/Sandbox
Asbestos/Templates
Asbestos/VfD
Asbestos/Welcome
Asbestos/Welcome2
Asbestosis
Asbestosis
Asbestosis_-_Compensation_and_Liability_Disputes
Asbestosis_-_Compensation_and_Liability_Disputes
Asbestos_and_the_law
Asbestos_and_the_law
Asbestos_County_Regional_Municipality,_Quebec
Asbestos_culture
Asbestos_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec
Asbestos_Strike
Asbestos_Strike
You can contact me at (or just by clicking Special:Emailuser/Asbestos) I will make this user page a little better soon, but for the moment I have started Exaptation, Daniel Barringer (geologist), Barringer, Hyperpolyglot, Dangerous Minds, Sideman, Ad infinitum, Dry orgasm, Squirrel Nut Zippers, The Pompatus of Love, Love handles, Middle age, Arcadia University, Baggio, Balian and Capoeira music
... along with numerous other minor edits, clean ups, vandal-hunting, and discussions in many other articles. I also contribute to Wikibooks (see my WB user page b:User:Asbestos). *Want to see your edit count? Try [http://kohl.wikimedia.org/~kate/cgi-bin/count_edits.cgi?user=Asbestos&dbname=enwiki Kate's Tools]. Want other links to tools, help pages, policies and the like? Check out my Vital_Links">/Links. *You find something new every day: While I already go to all these links, a nice collection of daily stops can be found at Wikipedia:Nooks and corners of Wikipedia that should be frequented
My current to do list:
*Add articles to important items in List of Latin phrases
*Vice magazine?
*Add to the Mafia article
*Nothing on sperm wars??
*Something should be written about Copernic
*Capoeira article should refer to Orishas
*Geschwind-Galaburda cluster?
*Cogent?
*Expand Paolo Conte
*Mr Nice?
*Must add more articles to :Category:Central nervous system
*How can there not be an article on Categorical perception??
*Clean up Conditioning
Images and Diagrams
*Keep an eye on Wikipedia:Requested pictures
*List yourself on Wikipedia:Wikipedians/Photographers when you get that Canon EOS-300D...
*Diagram for Stratigraphy article?
__NOTOC____NOEDITSECTION__Asbestos
| Please, [http://www.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=User_talk:Asbestos&action=edit§ion=new add] new entries to the bottom and don't forget to sign your name by typing four tildes:
Asbestos
Minerals Toxicology Fibers
Asbestos
How is asbestos related to mineral wool? --User:Smack (User talk:Smack) 05:34, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
A
AB | AC | AD | AE | AF | AG | AH | AI | AJ | AK | AL | AM | AN | AO | AP | AR | AS | AT | AU | AW | AX | AY | AZ |Words begining with Asbestos:
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos,_Quebec
Asbestos-Ceramic
Asbestos/Anon
Asbestos/Archive1
Asbestos/Archive2
Asbestos/Archive3
Asbestos/archived_replies
Asbestos/Asbestosis
Asbestos/Copyvio
Asbestos/GFDL
Asbestos/Images
Asbestos/Links
Asbestos/Redirects
Asbestos/Sandbox
Asbestos/Templates
Asbestos/VfD
Asbestos/Welcome
Asbestos/Welcome2
Asbestosis
Asbestosis
Asbestosis_-_Compensation_and_Liability_Disputes
Asbestosis_-_Compensation_and_Liability_Disputes
Asbestos_and_the_law
Asbestos_and_the_law
Asbestos_County_Regional_Municipality,_Quebec
Asbestos_culture
Asbestos_Regional_County_Municipality,_Quebec
Asbestos_Strike
Asbestos_Strike
Sponsored links: praca.
These materials are based on Wikipedia and licensed under the GNU FDL
YouTube.com videos better site than Turbo Tax 2007
