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Arizona{| align="right" |- | cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" | |- | |} Arizona was the 48th U.S. state admitted to the United States and is part of the Southwest United States. It is one of the Four Corners (United States) states, south and east of the Colorado River (U.S.), bordering New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, California and Mexico, and touching Colorado. It is also the name of a US Battleship, the USS Arizona. Its major cities are Phoenix, Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, Yuma, Arizona, and Flagstaff, Arizona. Besides the Grand Canyon National Park, a number of other National Forests, National parks (United States), National parks (United States), and Indian reservations are located in the state. Historians disagree about the etymology of the name "Arizona" and its attachment to the region. Three possible derivations are: *O'odham language words "alĭ ṣon" ("small spring"), actually the name of a town which is called "Arizonac" in English. Arizonac is a small town about 12 km/eight miles south of the United States-Mexican border. Historically, it may have been "alĭ son" or even "alĭ sona". The O'odham "l" is a voiced alveolar lateral fricative, which might sound to a Spanish or English speaker like an "r" sound. Later in the mid 18th century Spanish missionaries changed Father Eusebio Francisco Kino's maps of the area; they renamed the town Arizonac as Arizona. As the maps were republished and circulated in Europe, the name Arizona became attached to the whole northern part of New Spain. *Spanish language words "árida zona" ("arid zone") *Nahuatl language word "arizuma" ("silver bearing"). In 1736, a small silver-mining camp called "Real Arissona" by the Spanish was established near Arizonac. USS Arizona was named in honor of this state. == History == Beyond its original Native Americans inhabitants, Marcos de Niza, a Franciscan, explored the area in 1539. Francisco Vásquez de Coronado's expedition entered the area in 1540–1542 during its search for Cibola. Father Kino developed a chain of missions and taught the Indians Christianity in Pimería Alta (now southern Arizona and northern Sonora) in the 1690's and early 1700's. Spain founded fortified towns (presidios) at Tubac in 1752 and Tucson in 1775. All of what is now Arizona became part of Mexico's northwest frontier upon the Mexican assertion of independence from Spain in 1810. The United States took possession of most of Arizona at the end of the Mexican War in 1848. In 1853 the land below the Gila River was acquired from Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase. Arizona was administered as part of the Territory of New Mexico until it was organized into a separate territory on February 24, 1863. With the encouragement of Brigham Young, Mormons went to Arizona from Utah in the mid to late 1800s to the Phoenix Valley (or "Valley of the Sun"), Mesa, Arizona, Tempe, Arizona, Prescott, Arizona, Snowflake, Arizona, Heber, Arizona, and many other Arizona towns to settle there. Arizona was also the site of a German and Italian prisoner of war camp during WWII. The site was purchased after the war by the Maytag family, and is currently the Phoenix Zoo. Arizona was admitted into the Union on February 14, 1912. == Law and government == ''See: United_States_Congress/Arizona'' Arizona's legislature consists of a thirty-member Senate and a 60-member House of Representatives. The majority party is the United States Republican Party, which has held power since 1950. The 2002 budget of the Arizona state legislature was $14.3 billion, while the executive budget was $13.8 billion. Besides the money spent on state agencies, money has also been allocated for tax cuts, pay raises for government employees, and health insurance for government employees. The executive budget has allocated money to previously passed legislation. Arizona state senators and representatives are elected for two year terms and there are no terms limits. However, no more than four terms may be served consecutively. Arizona's executive branch is headed by a governor elected for a four-year term. The governor may serve any number of terms, though no more than two in a row. The current Governor of Arizona is Janet Napolitano, a United States Democratic Party. She has been governor since 2003. ''See:List of Arizona Governors'' The two Arizona US Senators are Senator John McCain (Republican) and Senator Jon Kyl (Republican). Arizona's representatives in the United States House of Representatives are Rick Renzi (R-1), Trent Franks (R-2), John Shadegg (R-3), Ed Pastor (D-4), J.D. Hayworth (R-5), Jeff Flake (R-6), Raul Grijalva (D-7), and Jim Kolbe (R-8). Arizona gained two seats in the House of Representatives due to redistricting based on United_States_2000_census. == Geography == {| |- | ''See:'' || ''List of Arizona counties'' | ''List of Arizona rivers'' || ''List of Arizona lakes'' |- | | ''List of Arizona state parks'' | ''List of U.S. National Forests'' |} Like other states of the Southwest, Arizona has an abundance of topographical characteristics in addition to its desert climes. More than half of the state features mountains and plateaus and contains the largest stand of Ponderosa pine in the United States. The Mogollon Rim, a 600-meters (2000-foot) escarpment, cuts across the central section of the state and marks the southwestern edge of the Colorado Plateau, where the state experienced its Rodeo-Chediski fire in 2002. The Grand Canyon is a colorful, steep-sided gorge, carved by the Colorado River (U.S.), in northern Arizona. The Grand Canyon is one of the seven natural wonders of the world and is largely contained in the Grand Canyon National Park - one of the first national parks in the United States. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of the Grand Canyon area, visiting on numerous occasions to hunt mountain lion and enjoy the breathtaking scenery. The Grand Canyon, created by the Colorado River cutting a channel over millions of years, is about 277 mile (446 km) long, ranges in width from 6 to 29 kilometers (4 to 18 miles) and attains a depth of more than 1,6 km (1 mile). Nearly 2 billion years of the Earth's history has been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut through layer after layer of sediment as the Colorado Plateaus have uplifted. :Statistics :*''Largest City:'' Phoenix, Arizona :*''Highest Point:'' Humphreys Peak - 12,633 ft. near Flagstaff :*''Lowest Point:'' Colorado River - 70 ft. == Art == Arizona has witnessed a continuous string of dancing and performing groups of many ethnicities. The state is a recognized center of Native American art, with a number of galleries such as the Heard Museum showcasing historical and contemporary works. Sedona and Tubac are known as budding artist colonies, and small arts scenes exist in the larger cities and near the state universities. Many tourist souvenirs produced in Arizona or by its residents display immediately characteristic images, such as sunsets, coyotes, and desert plants. Several major Hollywood films, such as U-Turn, Waiting to Exhale, and Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure have been made there (as indeed have many Westerns). == Climate == Due to its large area and variations in elevation, the state has a wide variety of climates. In the lower elevations, the climate is primarily desert, with mild winters and hot summers. Typically, from late fall to early spring, the weather is mild, averaging a minimum of 15 degrees Celsius (60 degrees Fahrenheit). November through February are the coldest months with temperatures typically ranging from 4 - 24 degrees Celsius (40-75 degrees Fahrenheit), although occasional frosts are not uncommon. About midway through February, the temperatures start to rise again with sunny warm days, and cool breezy nights. The summer months of May through August bring a dry, heat ranging from 35 to 40 degrees Celsius (the high 90-100s), with occasional high temperatures exceeding 50C (125 F) have been observed in the desert area. Due to the primarily dry climate, large temperature swings often occur between day and night temperatures, with temperature swings as large as 10 C (50 F) in the summer months. However, the northern third of Arizona is a plateau at signficantly higher altitudes than the lower desert, and has an appreciably cooler climate, with cold winters and mild summers. Extreme cold temperatures are not unknown, cold air systems from the northern states and Canada occasionally push into the state bringing temperatures below -20C ( subzero Fahrenheit) temperatures in the higher parts of the state. Monsoon season in Arizona is from the end of July through August. The monsoons bring lightning, thunderstorms, wind and torrentious, if usually brief, evening downpours. It is rare for tornadoes to occur in Arizona. == Economy == The 2003 total gross state product was $182 billion. Its per capita income was $27,232, 39th in the United States. Early in its history, Arizona's economy relied on the "five C's": copper, cotton, cattle, citrus and climate (i.e., tourism). At one point Arizona was the largest producer of cotton in the country. Copper is still produced in abundance from many giant open-pit mines and underground mines. The state government is the state's largest employer, while Wal-Mart is the state's largest private employer, with 17,343 employees in 2003. Arizona lost much of its advantage as a high-technology industry leader between 1990 and 2001, according to a state [http://www.commerce.state.az.us/ Department of Commerce] report. In 2001, 161,166 Arizonans were employed in the high-tech sector, accounting for about 8.3 percent of total private-sector employment of more than 1.9 million. High-tech payroll in 2001 was $2.2 billion, or 14.7 percent of the private-sector total. High-tech employment was led by software and computers, with 34,314; electronics components manufacturing, 30,358; aerospace manufacturing, 25,641; architectural and engineering services, 21,378; telecommunications, 21,224; and instruments manufacturing, 13,056. == Demographics == As of 2003, Arizona had a population of 5,580,811 according Census Bureau estimates. The racial breakdown of the state is as follows: *63.8% Whites non-Hispanic *25.3% Hispanic American *5% American Indian *3.1% African American *1.8% Asian American *2.9% mixed race According to 2003 Census esimates, Arizona has the second highest number of Native Americans of any state in the Union. 286,680 reportedly live in Arizona, this represents more than 10% of the country's total Indian population of 2,752,158. Only California has more Indians than Arizona, and Arizona has slightly more Indians than Oklahoma [http://eire.census.gov/popest/data/states/ST-EST2002-ASRO-03.php]. Arizona is likely to become a minority-majority state by the year 2035 at the latest. In 2003, for the first time, there were more Hispanic births in the state than white non-Hispanic births. As of 2000, 74.1% of Arizona residents age 5 and older speak English language at home and 19.5% speak Spanish language. Navajo language is the third most spoken language at 1.9%, followed by Other Native North American languages at 0.6% and German language at 0.5%. 49.9% of the population is male, 50.1% is female. ''See also the list of Natives of Arizona. '' ===Religion=== Four in five Arizonans are self-described Christians, with large numbers of both Catholics and Protestants living in the state. There is also a significant Mormon population. *80% Christianity **31% Catholicism **43% Protestant ***9% Baptist ***5% Methodist ***4% Lutheran ***25% Other Protestants **6% Mormon *2% Non-Christian religions *18% No Religion == Important cities and towns == See: List of cities in Arizona, List of cities in Arizona (by population), List of Arizona counties Each city named in bold has a population greater than 100,000. {| |- | valign="top" | *Apache Junction, Arizona *Avondale, Arizona *Bullhead City, Arizona *Casa Grande, Arizona *Casas Adobes, Arizona *Catalina Foothills, Arizona *Chandler, Arizona *Cottonwood, Arizona *Cottonwood-Verde Village, Arizona *Douglas, Arizona *Drexel Heights, Arizona *Eloy, Arizona *Flagstaff, Arizona *Florence, Arizona *Flowing Wells, Arizona *Fortuna Foothills, Arizona *Fountain Hills, Arizona *Gilbert, Arizona *Glendale, Arizona *Globe, Arizona *Goodyear, Arizona *Green Valley, Arizona *Kingman, Arizona *Lake Havasu City, Arizona *Marana, Arizona *Mesa, Arizona | valign="top" | *Mohave Valley, Arizona *New Kingman-Butler, Arizona *New River, Arizona *Nogales, Arizona *Oro Valley, Arizona *Paradise Valley, Arizona *Payson, Arizona *Peoria, Arizona *Phoenix, Arizona *Prescott Valley, Arizona *Prescott, Arizona *Safford, Arizona *San Luis, Arizona *Scottsdale, Arizona *Sedona, Arizona *Sierra Vista Southeast, Arizona *Sierra Vista, Arizona *Sun City West, Arizona *Sun City, Arizona *Sun Lakes, Arizona *Surprise, Arizona *Tanque Verde, Arizona *Tempe, Arizona *Tucson Southeast, Arizona *Tucson, Arizona *Yuma, Arizona |} ===25 Richest Places in Arizona=== Ranked by per capita income
Arizona---- Wondering how to edit this State Entry? The WikiProject U.S. States standards might help. == Grand Canyon == How about adding a creationist viewpoint on how the Grand Canyon was formed? Or just leave how it was formed out all together and leave that up to the Grand Canyon article? :No, this would be inappropriate. The vast majority of people (not just scientists) agree that the Grand Canyon was not formed in a matter of weeks. This viewpoint belongs neither on Arizona or Grand Canyon but on Creationism. User:Jeeves 00:26, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC) == Arizona's official language == List of official languages says that English language is not the official language of Arizona. What is, then?? User:66.245.107.126 19:26, 22 May 2004 (UTC) :Nothing presumably - not all states ''have'' an official language -- User:Sannse User talk:Sannse 07:08, 24 May 2004 (UTC) ::I always heard it was co-official with Spanish... :::No, that's New Mexico. Arizona as a whole has no official language, although large chunks do, for example the official language of the Navajo Nation, which includes a very significant portion of Arizona in the north, is Navajo language; the official language of the Tohono O'odham Nation, which takes up a very significant portion in the south, is O'odham language, the official language on Hopi, an enclave in the Navajo reservation, is Hopi. Other large tracts of land with official languages include the San Carlos Apache and White Mountain Apache reservations which border one another, whose official language is Western Apache ("Coyotero Apache"), the Havasupai reservation whose official language is Havasupai, and the Walapai Nation whose official language is Walapai. In fact, the Havasupai Reservation is to my knowledge the only Indian reservation in the US where every single person knows the language fluently, this is partially due to the fact that most of the people there live at the bottom of a canyon. --User:Node ue 22:53, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC) :::Arizona's official language is English (Article 28 of the Arizona Constitution) but most of the provisions of Article 28 is unenforcable. The Arizona Supreme Court deemed the English enforcement sections of Article 28 unconstitutional on First Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment (US Constitution) grounds. User:Keoniphoenix 22:20, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC) == Important cities and towns == I think it could use some major trimming. :-) What might be some qualification for this list? * Population over 100,000. * Significant agriculture, industrial or tourisms to the world/USA and or Arizona economy. * Military, school/educational and or geographical importance. * Has access to a international border, airport, interstate highway and or major railway. * ... baksjeywqieqytwueqyw OR leave it as is, someone put it there, they most have thought it important. Do you feel BOLD? User:Buster2058 15:38, Jun 16, 2004 (UTC) --I put the list there. It is essentially every place, urbanized area or urban cluster with a population over 10,000 identified by the Census Bureau. Suburbs over 10,000 population are listed as sub-points. == removed text == I removed ''Ballet Arizona is the most notable and only professional ballet company in the country.'' This is eye-poppingly untrue. User:Joy Stovall 21:55, Feb 20, 2005 (UTC) *I think it was meant to be ''in the state''. And I don't know why you took out the Irish dance stuff; was it untrue also? User:Blair P. Houghton 05:20, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC) :The article on the Irish dance thing just went through VfD, and consensus seemed to be that it was an advertisement. We usually delete links (or at the very least de-link) to deleted articles. User:Joy Stovall 12:11, Feb 21, 2005 (UTC) --------- Removed: :''One of the first Latter-day Saint temples built in the Southwest was the Mesa Arizona Temple which was completed in 1927.'' This comment does not belong on this page, but on the main page for Mormonism or a page about Mormon temples. The construction of the temple in and of itself may be an ''effect'' of Mormon settlement, but it is not really relevant to state history as a whole. Mormon settlement has already been described in the preceding sentence. This "ta-da" about the temple is self-congratulatory — notice that the grammatical subject is the temple and not the state of Arizona's history or any other relevant item. User:Jeeves 18:34, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC) Arizona{| style="margin:0 auto" align=center class="toccolours" |- !align=center| Regions of Arizona || |- |align=center| North Central Arizona | Northern Arizona | Phoenix metropolitan area | Southern Arizona |- !align=center| List of cities in Arizona |- |align=center| Apache Junction, Arizona | Avondale, Arizona | Bullhead City, Arizona | Casas Adobes, Arizona | Catalina Foothills, Arizona | Chandler, Arizona | Flagstaff, Arizona | Gilbert, Arizona | Glendale, Arizona | Lake Havasu City, Arizona | Mesa, Arizona | Nogales, Arizona | Payson, Arizona | Peoria, Arizona | Phoenix, Arizona | Prescott, Arizona | Scottsdale, Arizona | Sierra Vista, Arizona | Sun City, Arizona | Surprise, Arizona | Tempe, Arizona | Tombstone, Arizona | Tucson, Arizona | Yuma, Arizona |- !align=center| List of Arizona counties |- |align=center| Apache County, Arizona | Cochise County, Arizona | Coconino County, Arizona | Gila County, Arizona | Graham County, Arizona | Greenlee County, Arizona | La Paz County, Arizona | Maricopa County, Arizona | Mohave County, Arizona | Navajo County, Arizona | Pima County, Arizona | Pinal County, Arizona | Santa Cruz County, Arizona | Yavapai County, Arizona | Yuma County, Arizona |} Arizona#redirect Template:Arizona ArizonaArizona is a state in the United States. U.S. states See other meanings of words starting from letter: AAB | AC | AD | AE | AF | AG | AH | AI | AJ | AK | AL | AM | AN | AO | AP | AR | AS | AT | AU | AW | AX | AY | AZ |Words begining with Arizona: Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona Arizona,_United_States Arizona-Sonora_Desert_Museum Arizona/Counties Arizona/Natives Arizona/state_parks Arizonaland Arizonaval Arizonaval Arizona_Airways Arizona_bark_scorpion Arizona_Bay Arizona_Biltmore_Hotel Arizona_Biodesign_Institute Arizona_Brewers Arizona_Cactus_Botanical_Garden Arizona_Canal Arizona_Cardinals Arizona_Cardinals Arizona_Cardinals_players Arizona_City,_Arizona Arizona_City,_Arizona Arizona_counties Arizona_culture Arizona_Cypress Arizona_Department_of_Corrections Arizona_desert_centipede Arizona_Diamondbacks Arizona_Diamondbacks Arizona_Diamondbacks Arizona_Diamondbacks_managers Arizona_Diamondbacks_players Arizona_Dranes Arizona_Dream Arizona_Fall_League Arizona_Fall_League Arizona_geography Arizona_Highways_(magazine) Arizona_history Arizona_Hotels Arizona_Lady Arizona_lakes Arizona_landmarks Arizona_law Arizona_League Arizona_League Arizona_Legislature Arizona_libraries Arizona_locations_by_per_capita_income Arizona_Loop_101 Arizona_Loop_202 Arizona_maps Arizona_media Arizona_Memorial Arizona_Mills Arizona_mountains Arizona_Music_Educators_Association Arizona_Outlaws Arizona_Phoenix Arizona_Pine Arizona_pine Arizona_politicians Arizona_proposition_200 Arizona_Proposition_200_(2004) Arizona_queen_of_the_night Arizona_railroads Arizona_Railway_Museum Arizona_Rangers Arizona_Rangers_(baseball) Arizona_Rattlers Arizona_Recreational_Opportunities Arizona_Republic Arizona_Republlic Arizona_rivers Arizona_Royals Arizona_sandbox Arizona_sports Arizona_Stadium Arizona_State Arizona_state_highways Arizona_state_highways Arizona_State_Highway_101 Arizona_State_Highway_202 Arizona_State_Highway_51 Arizona_State_Highway_66 Arizona_State_Highway_69 Arizona_State_Highway_72 Arizona_State_Highway_79 Arizona_State_Highway_80 Arizona_State_Highway_85 Arizona_State_Highway_87 Arizona_State_Highway_89 Arizona_State_Highway_89A Arizona_State_Legislators Arizona_State_Parks Arizona_state_parks Arizona_state_parks Arizona_state_parks_(list) Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Douglas Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Eyman Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Florence Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Lewis Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Perryville Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Phoenix Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Safford Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Tucson Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Winslow Arizona_State_Prison_Complex_-_Yuma Arizona_State_Prison_Florence-West Arizona_State_Prison_Phoenix-West Arizona_State_Route_101 Arizona_State_Route_202 Arizona_State_Route_51 Arizona_State_Route_66 Arizona_State_Route_69 Arizona_State_Route_72 Arizona_State_Route_79 Arizona_State_Route_80 Arizona_State_Route_85 Arizona_State_Route_87 Arizona_State_Route_89 Arizona_State_Route_89A Arizona_State_Route_90 Arizona_State_Route_92 Arizona_State_Route_Stub Arizona_State_Route_stubs Arizona_State_Senators Arizona_State_Sun_Devils Arizona_State_University Arizona_State_University Arizona_State_University_alumni Arizona_State_University_West Arizona_Sting Arizona_Stock_Exchange Arizona_Territory Arizona_territory Arizona_Territory_(CSA) Arizona_Territory_(USA) Arizona_Veterans_Memorial_Coliseum Arizona_Village,_Arizona Arizona_Village,_Arizona Arizona_Wranglers
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