April 1
April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in
leap years) in the
Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining.
==Events==
*
527 -
Byzantine Emperors Justin I names his nephew
Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
*
1318 -
Berwick-upon-Tweed is captured by the
Scotland from the
England
*
1789 - In
New York City, the
United States House of Representatives holds its first quorum and elects
Frederick Muhlenberg of
Pennsylvania as its first House Speaker.
*
1826 -
Samuel Morey patents the
internal combustion engine.
*
1854 -
Hard Times begins serialisation in
Charles Dickens magazine, ''Household Words''.
*
1865 -
American Civil War:
Battle of Five Forks - In
Petersburg, Virginia, Confederate General
Robert E. Lee begins his final offensive.
*
1867 -
Singapore becomes British
crown colony.
*
1873 - The
United Kingdom steamer
SS Atlantic sinks off
Nova Scotia killing 547.
*
1891 - The
Wrigley Company is founded in
Chicago.
*
1918 - The
Royal Flying Corps is replaced by the
Royal Air Force.
*
1924 -
Adolf Hitler is sentenced to five years in
jail for his participation in the "
Beer Hall Putsch." However, he spends only nine months in jail, during which he writes the book ''
Mein Kampf''.
*
1924 - First revenue flight for
Belgium's
Sabena Airlines
*
1933 - The recently elected
Nazism under
Julius Streicher organize a one-day boycott of all Jewish-owned businesses in
Germany, ushering in the series of
anti-Semitism acts that will be known as the
Holocaust.
*
1934 -
Bonnie and Clyde kill two young highway patrolmen near
Grapevine, Texas.
*
1937 -
Aden becomes a British
crown colony.
*
1945 -
World War II:
Battle of Okinawa -
United States troops land on
Okinawa in the last campaign of the war.
*
1946 -
Aleutian Island earthquake: A 7.8 magnitude
earthquake near the
Aleutian Islands creates a
tsunami that strikes the
Hawaiian Islands killing 159 (mostly in
Hilo, Hawaii).
*
1948 -
Cold War:
Berlin Airlift - Military forces, under direction of the Soviet-controlled government in
East Germany, set-up a land blockade of
West Berlin.
*
1949 -
Newfoundland becomes the tenth Province of
Canada
* 1949 -
Chinese Civil War:
Communist Party of China hold unsuccessful peace talks with the
Kuomintang in
Beijing, after three years of fighting.
*
1954 - President
Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the creation of the
United States Air Force Academy in
Colorado.
*
1960 - The
United States launches the first
weather satellite,
TIROS-1.
*
1967 - The
United States Department of Transportation begins operation.
*
1969 - The
Hawker Siddeley Harrier enters service with the
Royal Air Force.
*
1970 -
Phil Spector finishes the orchestral
overdubs for the upcoming
Beatles album, ''
Let it Be'', including the songs "
Let it Be", "
Across the Universe", and "
The Long and Winding Road". This causes controversy among
Beatles fans who feel that
Phil Spector has overproduced the album.
*
1970 - President
Richard Nixon signs the
Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act into law banning
cigarette advertisements in the
United States starting on
January 1,
1971.
*
1970 -
American Motors introduces the
AMC Gremlin.
*
1973 -
Project Tiger, a
tiger conservation project, is launched in the
Corbett National Park,
India.
*
1976 -
Apple Computer Company is formed by
Steve Jobs and
Steve Wozniak.
*
1979 -
Iran's government becomes
Islamic Republic by a 98% vote, overthrowing the
Shah officially.
*
1985 -
David Lee Roth announces his departure from ''
Van Halen''.
*
1996 -
University of Kentucky team wins
NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship.
*
1999 -
Nunavut is established as a
Canada territory carved from the eastern part of the
Northwest Territories.
*
2001 - An
EP-3E United States Navy plane collides with a Chinese
People's Liberation Army fighter jet. The Navy crew makes an emergency landing in
Hainan,
People's Republic of China and is detained.
* 2001 - Former president of
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milosevic surrenders to police special forces, to be tried on charges of
war crimes.
* 2001 - The first legal
same-sex marriage in the Netherlands is celebrated.
*
2002 - The
Netherlands legalizes
euthanasia, becoming the only nation in the world to do so.
*
2003 - In
Sturgis, Michigan, seven men place signs around town reading "
All your base are belong to us", "
Someone set us up the bomb", and "
You have no chance to survive make your time", based on the popular mistranslation from the
Japan video game ''
Zero Wing.''
*
2004 -
Google unveils their invitation-based email service
Gmail.
*
2004 -
George W. Bush signs the
Unborn Victims of Violence Act, which makes an attack that leads to the death of a mother and her unborn child two criminal charges.
*
2004 - The first legal
same-sex marriage in Canada of
Quebec:
Michael Hendricks and René Leboeuf wed in
Montreal.
*
2005 -
Terri Schiavo dies of
starvation two weeks after her
feeding tube is removed, ending a 15-year legal battle that made headlines worldwide, over a person's
right to die.
==Births==
*
1578 -
William Harvey, English physician (d.
1657)
*
1732 -
Franz Josef Haydn, Austrian composer (d.
1809)
*
1776 -
Sophie Germain, mathematician (d.
1831)
*
1815 -
Otto von Bismarck, German politician (d.
1898)
*
1815 -
Edward Clark, Governor of Texas (d.
1880)
*
1834 -
James Fisk, entrepreneur (d.
1872)
*
1856 -
Acacio Gabriel Viegas, famous doctor, president of the
Bombay Municipal Corporation. (d.
1933)
*
1865 -
Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Austrian-born chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1929)
*
1866 -
Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist and composer (d.
1924)
*
1873 -
Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian composer, pianist, and conductor (d.
1943)
*
1875 -
Edgar Wallace, writer (d.
1932)
*
1883 -
Lon Chaney, Sr., American actor (d.
1930)
*
1885 -
Wallace Beery, actor (d.
1949)
*
1895 -
Alberta Hunter, singer (d.
1984)
*
1899 -
Gustavs Celmins, politician (d.
1968)
*
1901 -
Whittaker Chambers, Hiss case witness (d.
1961)
*
1906 -
Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev, Russian engineer and airplane designer (d.
1989)
*
1908 -
Abraham Maslow, psychologist (d.
1970)
*
1914 -
Jerome L. Walton. author
*
1915 -
Otto Wilhelm Fischer, actor
*
1920 -
Toshiro Mifune, actor (d.
1997)
*
1922 -
William Manchester, writer (d.
2004)
*
1924 -
Brendan Byrne, governor of
New Jersey
*
1926 -
Charles Bressler, American tenor
* 1926 -
Anne McCaffrey, American author
*
1929 -
Jane Powell, dancer, actress, singer
*1929 -
Milan Kundera, Czech writer
*1929 -
Bo Schembechler, American football coach
*
1930 -
Grace Lee Whitney, American actress
*
1931 -
Rolf Hochhuth, German writer
*
1932 -
Gordon Jump, American television actor (d.
2003)
*1932 -
Debbie Reynolds, American actress
*
1934 -
Rod Kanehl,
Major League Baseball player (d.
2004)
*1934 -
Jim Ed Brown, American country music singer
*1934 -
Don Hastings, American actor
*
1935 -
Larry McDonald, American politician (d.
1983)
*
1938 -
Ali MacGraw, American actress
*
1939 -
Phil Niekro, American baseball pitcher
*
1940 -
Wangari Maathai, environmentalist
*
1942 -
Samuel R. Delany, science fiction author
*
1942 -
Annie Nightingale, British disc jockey
*
1946 -
Ronnie Lane, British musician (
The Small Faces,
The Faces) (d.
1997)
*
1947 -
Alain Connes, French mathematician
*
1948 -
Jimmy Cliff, musician
*
1949 -
Gil Scott-Heron, musician, composer
*
1952 -
Annette O'Toole, American actress
*
1953 -
Barry Sonnenfeld, producer, director
*
1955 -
Ronnie Burk, artist and
AIDS activist (d.
2003)
*
1965 -
Mark Jackson (basketballer), basketball player
*
1965 -
Robert Steadman, composer
*
1970 -
Sung Hi Lee, model
*
1971 -
Method Man, musician
*
1972 -
Hughes Brothers, American film directors
*
1980 -
Randy Orton, professional wrestler
*
1981 -
Hannah Spearritt,
United Kingdom singer (
S Club 7)
*
1959 - Stephane Pirard, language-obsessed, dented teacher
==Deaths==
*
1204 -
Eleanor of Aquitaine, wife of
Henry II of England (b. c.
1122)
*
1637 -
Niwa Nagashige, Japanese daimyo and retainer (b.
1571)
*
1839 -
Benjamin Pierce (governor) (b.
1757)
*
1872 -
Frederick Maurice, English theologian (b.
1805)
*
1878-
John Corry Wilson Daly, Canadian politician (b.
1796)
*
1914 -
Rube Waddell,
Baseball Hall of Famer (b.
1876)
*
1917 -
Scott Joplin, American musician and composer (b.
1868)
*
1922 - Emperor
Karl of Austria (b.
1887)
*
1946 -
Noah Beery, actor (b.
1882)
*
1947 - King
George II of Greece (b.
1890)
*
1950 -
Charles R. Drew, physician (b.
1904)
*
1966 -
Flann O'Brien, humorist (b.
1911)
*
1968 -
Lev Davidovich Landau, Russian physicist (b.
1908)
*
1976 -
Max Ernst, German artist (b.
1891)
*
1984 -
Marvin Gaye, singer (b.
1939)
*
1988 -
Joe Besser, American actor and comedian
*1988 -
Jim Jordan (actor), American actor
*
1991 -
Martha Graham, American dancer and choreographer (b.
1894)
*
1994 -
Léon Degrelle, Belgian Nazi (b.
1906)
*
1993 -
Alan Kulwicki, American race car driver (b.
1954)
*
1996 -
John McSherry, American baseball umpire
*
1998 -
Rozz Williams, musician (
Christian Death) (b.
1963)
*
1998 -
Gene Evans, American actor
*
2001 -
Trinh Cong Son, Vietnamese songwriter (b.
1939)
*
2003 -
Leslie Cheung, actor and singer (b.
1956)
* 2003 -
Hyosuke Kujiraoka, Japanese politician
*
2004 -
Carrie Snodgress, American actress (b.
1946)
*
2005 -
Cheryl Barrymore, wife and agent of
Michael Barrymore (lung cancer)
* 2005 -
Harald Juhnke, German entertainer (b.
1929)
* 2005 -
Jack Keller (songwriter), songwriter
* 2005 -
Robert Coldwell Wood, American university president and political appointee
==Holidays and observances==
*
April 1 is known as
April Fool's Day or All Fools' Day in many countries.
*
Feast day of
Hugh of Grenoble in the
Roman Catholic Church calendar
*
Roman Empire -
Veneralia celebrated to honor
Venus (goddess)
*
Japan - The official start of school years in most universities and schools. Also, the official First Day of Work at companies and offices for new university graduates hires, marked by welcoming ceremonies and speeches.
*
India - Start of financial year.
*
Brielle celebrates victory of
1572 over Spaniards.
* In
San Marino, two
Captains Regent, elected by Parliament, take office for six months
* Date that
bobhouses, used for ice-fishing, must be taken off frozen lakes in
New Hampshire.
*
Fortuna Virilis (Old Roman Women's Festival to Venus, seeking good relations with men)
*
Loki's Day (Norse)
*
Islamic Republic Day (Iran)
*
EOKA Day (Greece)
*
San Marino National Day
*
Tater Days begin (Kentucky)
*
St. Lasarus' Day (patron of spring, love, Bulgaria)
*
St. Mary of Egypt's Day (Eastern)
== External links ==
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/1 BBC: On This Day]
* [http://www.tnl.net/when/4/1 Today in History: April 1]
----
March 31 -
April 2 -
March 1 -
May 1 --
historical anniversaries
ga:1 Aibreán
simple:April 1
th:1 เมษายน
vi:1 tháng 4
April 1
--
User:Maveric149 23:25, 29 Feb 2004 (UTC)
MediaWiki:April 1 selected anniversaries -
MediaWiki talk:April 1 selected anniversaries -
[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=MediaWiki:April_1_selected_anniversaries&action=edit edit]
----
What with the smiley and Japanese joke?
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