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Apatite



{| border=1 cellspacing=0 align=right cellpadding=0 width=250 valign=top style="margin-left:1em" |----- align=center bgcolor="#9966FF" !colspan=2 align=center|Apatite |----- align=center !colspan=2| |----- align=center bgcolor="#9966FF" !colspan=2|General |----- |Category||Mineral |----- |Chemical formula|| Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) |----- align="center" bgcolor="#9966FF" !colspan=2|Identification |----- | Color || Usually green, less often colorless, yellow, blue to violet. |----- | Crystal habit || Tabular, prismatic crystals, massive, compact or granular. |----- | Crystal structure || Hexagonal |----- | Cleavage|| Poor |----- | Fracture|| Conchoidal to even |----- | Mohs Scale hardness || 5 |----- | Luster|| Vitreous to subresinous |----- | Refractive index|| 1.632-1.646. Biref .002-.004 |----- | Pleochroism|| None |----- | Streak|| White |----- | Specific gravity|| 3.17-3.23 |----- align="center" bgcolor="#9966FF" !colspan=2|Major varieties |----- !colspan=2|None |----- |} Apatite is a group of minerals, usually referring to: hydroxylapatite, fluorapatite, and chlorapatite, named for high concentrations of Hydroxyl-, Fluorine-, or Chlorine- ions, respectively, in the lattice. The formula of the admixture of the three most common species is Calcium5(Phosphate)3(OH, F, Cl). Apatite is one of very few minerals which are produced and used by biological systems. Hydroxyapatite is the major component of tooth enamel, and a large component of bone material. Fluorapatite is slightly stronger than hydroxyapatite; thus, fluoridated water, which will allow exchange in the tooth of hydroxyl ions for fluoride ions, slightly strengthens the teeth. Fission tracks in apatite are commonly used to estimate the thermal history of sediments in sedimentary basins. Phosphorite is the name given to impure, massive apatite. ===External links=== *[http://mineral.galleries.com/minerals/phosphat/apatite/apatite.htm Apatite on /mineral.galleries.com] == See also == * list of minerals * thermal history modelling Minerals Phosphate minerals


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Apatite


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