The American Kennel Club (or AKC) is the largest breed registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States. The AKC registered just over 900,000 dogs in 2003. Beyond maintaining its pedigree registry, it also promotes events for purebred dogs, including the prestigious Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, an annual event which predates the official forming of the AKC, and the AKC/Eukanuba National Championship. ==Dog registration== The AKC is not the only registry of purebred dogs, but it is the one with which most Americans are familiar. For a dog to be registered with the AKC, the dog's parents must be registered with the AKC as the same breed, and the litter in which the dog is born must be registered with the AKC. Once these criteria are met, the dog can be registered as purebred by the AKC. Registration indicates only that the dog is purely of one recognized breed; it does not necessarily indicate that the dog comes from healthy or show-quality blood lines. Nor is registration necessarily a reflection on the quality of the breeder or how the puppy was raised. Registration is necessary only for breeders (so they can sell registered puppies) or for purebred dog show or purebred dog sports participation (similar to the medieval requirement of royal family for jousting competitions). ==Recognized breeds== As of October 2004, the AKC recognizes only 157 of the hundreds of dog breeds known around the world, and another 51 rare breeds can be registered in its Foundation Stock Service. The AKC divides dog breeds into seven ''groups'', one ''class'', and the FSS, consisting of the following as of October, 2004: *Sporting Group: 26 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/sporting_group.cfm] developed as bird dogs. *Hound Group: 22 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/hound_group.cfm] developed to hunt using sight (sighthounds) or scent (scent hounds). *Working Group: 24 large breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/working_group.cfm] developed for a variety of jobs, including guarding property, guarding lifestock, or pulling carts. *Terrier Group: 27 feisty breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/terrier_group.cfm] developed to hunt vermin and to dig them from their burrows or lairs. *Toy Group : 21 small companion breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/toy_group.cfm]. *Non-sporting Group: 17 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/non-sporting_group.cfm] that do not fit into any of the preceding categories. *Herding Group: 18 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/herding_group.cfm] developed to herd livestock. *Miscellaneous Class: 4 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/miscellaneous_class.cfm] that have advanced from FSS but that are not yet fully recognized. *Foundation Stock Service (FSS) program: 51 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/fss_breeds.cfm]. This is a breed registry in which breeders of rare breeds can record the birth and parentage of a breed that they are trying to establish in the United States; these dogs provide the ''foundation stock'' from which eventually a fully recognized breed might result. These breeds cannot participate in AKC events until at least 150 individual dogs are registered; thereafter, competition in various events is then provisional. ==Other AKC programs== The AKC also offers the Canine Good Citizen program. ==See also== *List of dog breeds *United Kennel Club ==External links== *[http://www.akc.org/ American Kennel Club web site] *[http://www.akc.org/reg/dogreg_stats.cfm AKC Dog Registration Statistics for 2003 and 2004] Kennel clubs
==AKC problems removed from article== Removed from article after being added by User:205.188.116.66; needs more NPOV & more encyclopedic writing. User:Elf | User talk:Elf 19:08, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC) Unfortunately, the above claim regarding "that the dog is purely of one recognized breed," is not backed up by the facts. The registration "papers" not only do not warrant that the dog is healthy, or from show-quality blood lines, registration papers do not warrant much of anything. For example, the AKC gets a tax-exemption for maintaining the purebred dog registry. However, in a July 15, 1996 letter, David C. Merriman, then Executive Vice President and CEO of the AKC, wrote, "To my knowledge, there has never been an audit of the AKC registry by an outside or independent investigator." In an ABC World News Tonight Story, as well as a 1995 20/20 investigative piece (as well as numerous newspaper investigative stories) one of the AKC's top investigators estimated that at least half of the AKC's Registry was no good. That is, when the AKC's own investigators go into check on a puppy mill (yes, AKC registers puppy-mill dogs), even if they find a complete mess, with no accurate records, no way to connect parents to offspring or even determine if the dog's are not mixed-breeds, for example, they do not purge the registry and pull out all the (often) thousands and thousands of unproven registered offspring. Nor do they notify all the puppy buyers, past and present, that AKC's own investigators have shown that their dog can't be certified as "purebred." A few years ago, when the AKC decided to consider offering a higher-tiered paper that involved DNA testing for its registration papers, a secret memo that circulated to the top management of AKC warned that use of DNA would "define the lack of integrity in the Registry," thus "negatively affect the basic cash cow [dog registrations]." Recently, since revenues are down, AKC has started an Online Breeders Classified Program. Under the section on "legal concerns," # 2 states: "The AKC makes no warranty or guarantee as to health, quality, parentage or value of dogs listed." In other words, AKC won't even warrant parentage, so the claim of the dog being "purebred" has no verifiable meaning. The buying public is simply being sold (through the U.S. Mail) a piece of paper that nobody warrants, not event the AKC. So, what is the dog buying public actually buying when they send their money into AKC for their "paper?" Buyers get a piece of paper with numbers printed on it, a paper that has nothing to do with health, quality or even guarantees the dog's parentage, let alone whether or not it's "pure-bred." The Registry has never been audited, the AKC's own top investigator estimates that at least 50% of the "paper" sold is worthless. And the AKC has never purged that registry of "disallowed" dogs, not even in the case of brokers who were selling thousands of dogs (see the John & Sandra Maike case:John Rau Maike, et al, Debtors; J.R. Maike v AKC, Case No. 87-10376; Adversary proceeding 87-0090, Kansas, March 20, 1987), for example. For another interesting overview of what AKC is really selling, see case # 4:CV-93-122l (Judge McClure)American Kennel Club, Inc, vs Gladstone& Watkins, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania, June 14, 1995. In this action, Steven D. Gladstone stated, "But even though AKC knows better, they continue to register dogs of 'dubious lineage,' which have no records to support the AKC registerable claim. In so doing AKC and its lawyers know that it 'perpetrates a fraud on the dog-buying public.' They simply do not care." Gladstone later dropped his lawsuit and is now serving on the AKC's Board. The lawsuit's claim, made in a sworn affidavit, by an attorney in good standing with the Pennsylvania bar, makes for very interesting reading. And, along with other lawsuit evidence, is why one federal attorney refered to AKC dog registrations as "the mother of all mail frauds." ==Lots of problems with AKC== More wrong with the AKC than failure to abide by its standards. It's not just that the AKC doesn't always meet its standards - it's that its standards are destructive to working breeds. They insist that standards are written to tightly define a specific appearance, when that appearance is irrelevent to or even detrimental to the purpose of the breed. They refuse standards that include behavioral requirements, even when the behavioral requirements are essential to the breed. And they close the stud book - registering only pure descendents of their own registered dogs. Severely limiting the genetic diversity available, and weakening the breed. I'm coming at this from the Jack Russell community - and the Jack owners are very much aware of how the Kennel Clubs destroyed the Fox Terriers. Not only are Fox Terriers no longer suitable for going to ground after a fox, they're no longer capable of it. They're too tall and far to thick in the chest. More than that, their straight shoulders mean that they can't even run efficiently. The JRT clubs (JRTCGB/JRTCA/JRTCC) were established for the specific purpose of ensuring that the Jacks stayed Jacks - small fiesty terriers suitable for foxing. And then the AKC comes along, recognizes the breed in direct opposition to the wishes of the vast majority of JRTC members and breeders, and establishes a "standard" that has no behavioral component and that excludes every dog small enough to go down a hole. (AKC height is 12-15", with an ideal height of 13" and 14" for female and male - JRTC is 10-15" with no "ideal" height specified.) Is it any wonder that the JRT owners are so strongly opposed to the AKC? User:Jdege | User talk:JDege 17:59, 2004 Nov 30 (UTC) :There's a whole book out that describes what the AKC has done to dog breeds. I don't remember the title now, dagnabbit--but it's very scary. Those of us who are around a lot of performance dogs find a lot of antipathy towards AKC. They've done some good things-- Canine Good Citizen, the Home Again registry for finding lost dogs-- and you'll find many defenders of why it's important to keep a closed stud book etc. But definitely controversial. Makes writing an article challenging. :-) User:Elf | User talk:Elf 02:58, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC) :I don't know if it's the book you're thinking of, Elf, but there's ''The Puppy Report'' by Larry Shook, it deals alot with what the AKC is doing to pure breds, and why many "rare" dog breed clubs refuse to join. User_talk:Lachatdelarue">User:Lachatdelarue|Lachatdelarue User talk:Lachatdelarue 15:03, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC) ==Re: Group articles== We already had the discussion about what to do about Group articles and decided that, because the lists are dynamic and because there's really no useful info we can add, the best thing to do at Wikipedia is to have a single article that compares the dogs in the various groups. The only reason we decided to do FCI differently was because of the sectioning strategy, although after working onthe Toy Group page I think we could get rid of FCI Terrier Group and find a clean way to fold it back in to Terrier Group. It would be insane (MyPOV) to try to maintain the other lists when they're readily available on the web in other places. Wikip is so slow right now that I can't take the time to find it, but I think it's on one of the subpages or subpage discussions at the dog project. So I'm going to revert the changes. User:Elf | User talk:Elf 22:12, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with American_Kennel_Club:
American_Kennel_Club
American_Kennel_Club
American Kennel Club
The American Kennel Club (or AKC) is the largest breed registry of purebred dog pedigrees in the United States. The AKC registered just over 900,000 dogs in 2003. Beyond maintaining its pedigree registry, it also promotes events for purebred dogs, including the prestigious Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, an annual event which predates the official forming of the AKC, and the AKC/Eukanuba National Championship. ==Dog registration== The AKC is not the only registry of purebred dogs, but it is the one with which most Americans are familiar. For a dog to be registered with the AKC, the dog's parents must be registered with the AKC as the same breed, and the litter in which the dog is born must be registered with the AKC. Once these criteria are met, the dog can be registered as purebred by the AKC. Registration indicates only that the dog is purely of one recognized breed; it does not necessarily indicate that the dog comes from healthy or show-quality blood lines. Nor is registration necessarily a reflection on the quality of the breeder or how the puppy was raised. Registration is necessary only for breeders (so they can sell registered puppies) or for purebred dog show or purebred dog sports participation (similar to the medieval requirement of royal family for jousting competitions). ==Recognized breeds== As of October 2004, the AKC recognizes only 157 of the hundreds of dog breeds known around the world, and another 51 rare breeds can be registered in its Foundation Stock Service. The AKC divides dog breeds into seven ''groups'', one ''class'', and the FSS, consisting of the following as of October, 2004: *Sporting Group: 26 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/sporting_group.cfm] developed as bird dogs. *Hound Group: 22 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/hound_group.cfm] developed to hunt using sight (sighthounds) or scent (scent hounds). *Working Group: 24 large breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/working_group.cfm] developed for a variety of jobs, including guarding property, guarding lifestock, or pulling carts. *Terrier Group: 27 feisty breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/terrier_group.cfm] developed to hunt vermin and to dig them from their burrows or lairs. *Toy Group : 21 small companion breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/toy_group.cfm]. *Non-sporting Group: 17 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/non-sporting_group.cfm] that do not fit into any of the preceding categories. *Herding Group: 18 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/herding_group.cfm] developed to herd livestock. *Miscellaneous Class: 4 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/miscellaneous_class.cfm] that have advanced from FSS but that are not yet fully recognized. *Foundation Stock Service (FSS) program: 51 breeds[http://www.akc.org/breeds/fss_breeds.cfm]. This is a breed registry in which breeders of rare breeds can record the birth and parentage of a breed that they are trying to establish in the United States; these dogs provide the ''foundation stock'' from which eventually a fully recognized breed might result. These breeds cannot participate in AKC events until at least 150 individual dogs are registered; thereafter, competition in various events is then provisional. ==Other AKC programs== The AKC also offers the Canine Good Citizen program. ==See also== *List of dog breeds *United Kennel Club ==External links== *[http://www.akc.org/ American Kennel Club web site] *[http://www.akc.org/reg/dogreg_stats.cfm AKC Dog Registration Statistics for 2003 and 2004] Kennel clubs
American Kennel Club
==AKC problems removed from article== Removed from article after being added by User:205.188.116.66; needs more NPOV & more encyclopedic writing. User:Elf | User talk:Elf 19:08, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC) Unfortunately, the above claim regarding "that the dog is purely of one recognized breed," is not backed up by the facts. The registration "papers" not only do not warrant that the dog is healthy, or from show-quality blood lines, registration papers do not warrant much of anything. For example, the AKC gets a tax-exemption for maintaining the purebred dog registry. However, in a July 15, 1996 letter, David C. Merriman, then Executive Vice President and CEO of the AKC, wrote, "To my knowledge, there has never been an audit of the AKC registry by an outside or independent investigator." In an ABC World News Tonight Story, as well as a 1995 20/20 investigative piece (as well as numerous newspaper investigative stories) one of the AKC's top investigators estimated that at least half of the AKC's Registry was no good. That is, when the AKC's own investigators go into check on a puppy mill (yes, AKC registers puppy-mill dogs), even if they find a complete mess, with no accurate records, no way to connect parents to offspring or even determine if the dog's are not mixed-breeds, for example, they do not purge the registry and pull out all the (often) thousands and thousands of unproven registered offspring. Nor do they notify all the puppy buyers, past and present, that AKC's own investigators have shown that their dog can't be certified as "purebred." A few years ago, when the AKC decided to consider offering a higher-tiered paper that involved DNA testing for its registration papers, a secret memo that circulated to the top management of AKC warned that use of DNA would "define the lack of integrity in the Registry," thus "negatively affect the basic cash cow [dog registrations]." Recently, since revenues are down, AKC has started an Online Breeders Classified Program. Under the section on "legal concerns," # 2 states: "The AKC makes no warranty or guarantee as to health, quality, parentage or value of dogs listed." In other words, AKC won't even warrant parentage, so the claim of the dog being "purebred" has no verifiable meaning. The buying public is simply being sold (through the U.S. Mail) a piece of paper that nobody warrants, not event the AKC. So, what is the dog buying public actually buying when they send their money into AKC for their "paper?" Buyers get a piece of paper with numbers printed on it, a paper that has nothing to do with health, quality or even guarantees the dog's parentage, let alone whether or not it's "pure-bred." The Registry has never been audited, the AKC's own top investigator estimates that at least 50% of the "paper" sold is worthless. And the AKC has never purged that registry of "disallowed" dogs, not even in the case of brokers who were selling thousands of dogs (see the John & Sandra Maike case:John Rau Maike, et al, Debtors; J.R. Maike v AKC, Case No. 87-10376; Adversary proceeding 87-0090, Kansas, March 20, 1987), for example. For another interesting overview of what AKC is really selling, see case # 4:CV-93-122l (Judge McClure)American Kennel Club, Inc, vs Gladstone& Watkins, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania, June 14, 1995. In this action, Steven D. Gladstone stated, "But even though AKC knows better, they continue to register dogs of 'dubious lineage,' which have no records to support the AKC registerable claim. In so doing AKC and its lawyers know that it 'perpetrates a fraud on the dog-buying public.' They simply do not care." Gladstone later dropped his lawsuit and is now serving on the AKC's Board. The lawsuit's claim, made in a sworn affidavit, by an attorney in good standing with the Pennsylvania bar, makes for very interesting reading. And, along with other lawsuit evidence, is why one federal attorney refered to AKC dog registrations as "the mother of all mail frauds." ==Lots of problems with AKC== More wrong with the AKC than failure to abide by its standards. It's not just that the AKC doesn't always meet its standards - it's that its standards are destructive to working breeds. They insist that standards are written to tightly define a specific appearance, when that appearance is irrelevent to or even detrimental to the purpose of the breed. They refuse standards that include behavioral requirements, even when the behavioral requirements are essential to the breed. And they close the stud book - registering only pure descendents of their own registered dogs. Severely limiting the genetic diversity available, and weakening the breed. I'm coming at this from the Jack Russell community - and the Jack owners are very much aware of how the Kennel Clubs destroyed the Fox Terriers. Not only are Fox Terriers no longer suitable for going to ground after a fox, they're no longer capable of it. They're too tall and far to thick in the chest. More than that, their straight shoulders mean that they can't even run efficiently. The JRT clubs (JRTCGB/JRTCA/JRTCC) were established for the specific purpose of ensuring that the Jacks stayed Jacks - small fiesty terriers suitable for foxing. And then the AKC comes along, recognizes the breed in direct opposition to the wishes of the vast majority of JRTC members and breeders, and establishes a "standard" that has no behavioral component and that excludes every dog small enough to go down a hole. (AKC height is 12-15", with an ideal height of 13" and 14" for female and male - JRTC is 10-15" with no "ideal" height specified.) Is it any wonder that the JRT owners are so strongly opposed to the AKC? User:Jdege | User talk:JDege 17:59, 2004 Nov 30 (UTC) :There's a whole book out that describes what the AKC has done to dog breeds. I don't remember the title now, dagnabbit--but it's very scary. Those of us who are around a lot of performance dogs find a lot of antipathy towards AKC. They've done some good things-- Canine Good Citizen, the Home Again registry for finding lost dogs-- and you'll find many defenders of why it's important to keep a closed stud book etc. But definitely controversial. Makes writing an article challenging. :-) User:Elf | User talk:Elf 02:58, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC) :I don't know if it's the book you're thinking of, Elf, but there's ''The Puppy Report'' by Larry Shook, it deals alot with what the AKC is doing to pure breds, and why many "rare" dog breed clubs refuse to join. User_talk:Lachatdelarue">User:Lachatdelarue|Lachatdelarue User talk:Lachatdelarue 15:03, 1 Dec 2004 (UTC) ==Re: Group articles== We already had the discussion about what to do about Group articles and decided that, because the lists are dynamic and because there's really no useful info we can add, the best thing to do at Wikipedia is to have a single article that compares the dogs in the various groups. The only reason we decided to do FCI differently was because of the sectioning strategy, although after working onthe Toy Group page I think we could get rid of FCI Terrier Group and find a clean way to fold it back in to Terrier Group. It would be insane (MyPOV) to try to maintain the other lists when they're readily available on the web in other places. Wikip is so slow right now that I can't take the time to find it, but I think it's on one of the subpages or subpage discussions at the dog project. So I'm going to revert the changes. User:Elf | User talk:Elf 22:12, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
A
AB | AC | AD | AE | AF | AG | AH | AI | AJ | AK | AL | AM | AN | AO | AP | AR | AS | AT | AU | AW | AX | AY | AZ |Words begining with American_Kennel_Club:
American_Kennel_Club
American_Kennel_Club
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