#REDIRECT Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue is an anatomy term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. Its main role is to store energy in the form of fat, although it also cushions and insulation the body. It has an important endocrine function in producing recently-discovered hormones such as leptin, resistin and TNF-alpha. == Anatomical features == Adipose tissue is primarily located beneath the skin, but is also found around internal Organ (anatomy)s. In the skin, it accumulates in the deepest level, the subcutaneous layer, providing insulation from heat and cold. Around organs, it provides protective padding. It also functions as a reserve of nutrients. In a severely obese person, excess adipose tissue hanging downward from the abdomen is referred to as a panniculus (or pannus). A panniculus complicates surgery of the morbidly obese, and may remain as a literal "apron of skin" if a severely obese person loses most of the excess weight (as after a bypass). Adipose tissue has an "intracellular matrix," rather than an extracellular one. Adipose tissue is divided into lobes by small blood vessels. The Cell (biology)s of this layer are adipocytes. == Physiology == Free fatty acid is "liberated" from lipoproteins by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and enters the adipocyte, where it is reassembled into triglycerides by esterising it onto glycerol. Fat cells have an important physiology role in maintaining triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, as well as determining insulin resistance. Abdomen fat has a different metabolism profile—being more prone to induce insulin resistance. This explains to a large degree why central obesity is a marker of impaired glucose tolerance and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (even in the absence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension). Hormones secreted by adipose tissue include: * Adiponectin * Resistin * Angiotensin * PAI-1 (see coagulation) * TNF-alpha * Interleukin * Leptin A specialised form of adipose tissue in human infants, and some animals, is brown fat or brown adipose tissue. It is located mainly around the neck and large blood vessels of the thorax. This specialised tissue can generate heat by "uncoupling" the respiratory chain of oxidative phosphorylation within mitochondria, leading to the breakdown of fatty acids. This thermogenic process may be vital in neonates exposed to the cold, who then require this thermogenesis to keep warm as they are unable to shivering , or take other actions to keep themselves warm. Attempts to stimulate this process pharmacology have so far been unsuccessful, but might in the future be a target of weight loss therapy. == Cultural and social role == In the modern world, excess fatty tissue on a human is often considered an aesthetic and medical problem (see dieting and obesity). In earlier times and other societies, fat was considered aesthetically pleasing. This can be inferred from the depiction of characters who by modern standards would be considered obese, in paintings by Rembrandt and especially Peter Paul Rubens. The latter's characters inspired the term ''Rubenesque'' as a positive (if sometimes jocular) reference to a woman with notable amounts of body fat. In Arab, West African, native Arctic and many Latin American cultures, many men express a preference for sturdy or "well-fed" women. The majority of men from developed nations, East Asia, and many East African cultures show a preference for thin women. More generally, fat, because of its association with high food energy intake and low physical exertion, may be considered an indication of wealth and privilege as well as gluttony and sloth. == See also == * Obesity * Cellulite Tissues
At the request of someone on the Spanish-language wikipedia, I did my best here to translate the more extensive material on this topic from the Spanish-language wikipedia. This really needs review now by a competent biologist, because I am a total layman attempting translation of technical material. Also, in searching for vocabulary I came across http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Connective/Connect.htm, which looks to my layman's eyes to be very solid and informative. I suspect it is a good mine of information and that one or more articles should include it in their external links. However, since it's totally outside my field, I can't judge it, so I'm leaving the linking to someone with a clue. -- User:Jmabel 07:45, 28 Jan 2004 (UTC) ------ The article looks good to me; I am not a biologist, having taken only college biology courses, but I have some familiarity with the terminology. So if someone else reads the article and thinks it's okay, it's probably worth taking out the notice. User:Aarchiba 09:50, Apr 14, 2004 (UTC) The article is a nice concise overview. I am removing the notice and making a few small edits. E.g, zootomy means cutting up animals; zoology is doubtless intended. alteripse 29 apr 04 This was already pretty good, but I had a further play before checking the talk page - i must stop doing that!! fixed a few links and hopefully clarified and emphasised the main points. the only thing I'm unsure of ist the adipose panniculus, which i've never heard. it'd be great if somebody could check my changes for typos! --User:Erich gasboy 05:46, 2 May 2004 (UTC) :Pannus and panniculus refer to the "apron" of fat hanging from the abdomen downwards in severe obesity. I am not aware of any difference in the two words and they are used interchangably (although etymologically the one is the diminutive of the other and they are rarely diminutive when worth discussing in a medical context). A large pannus or panniculus complicates surgery of the morbidly obese, and may remain as a literal "apron of skin" if a severely obese person loses most of the excess weight (as after a bypass). Maybe I'll add this to the article. User:Alteripse 13:29, 2 May 2004 (UTC) :looks good! so what do you do for a day job Alteripse? --User:Erich gasboy 13:46, 2 May 2004 (UTC) Can't you guess? I teach Latin (and sometimes other things) to our residents. User:Alteripse 14:31, 2 May 2004 (UTC) ..mmm that makes you an ?old Indianna endrocrinologist??? :-) --User:Erich gasboy 14:38, 2 May 2004 (UTC) ?old=!ouch but reasonable deducing User:Alteripse 14:45, 2 May 2004 (UTC) he he. sorry us aussies aren't big on decorum... have you dropped by the User_talk:Jfdwolff/WikiDoc --User:Erich gasboy 14:53, 2 May 2004 (UTC) == Should social use include ancient greek sacrifices? == Thanks to Prometheus, the god's portion of a typical Ancient Greek animal sacrifice consisted of bones and internal organs covered with adipose tissue. Perhaps a link should be in the mythology section and not here. I'm not familiar enough with the wiki to attempt an addition, so I'm just commenting here. stevieo@nyc.rr.com == cellulite == Why does cellulite redirect here? There's nothing in this article about cellulite. -- User:Kimiko 21:01, 11 Jun 2004 (UTC) good point. I'll make a stubb ;-) User:Erich gasboy 01:56, 12 Jun 2004 (UTC) How about adding a stub to the "Adipocyte" entry. Because a tissue is something cpmpletely different than a certain type of cells? --User:Ivenger 21:24, 16 Jun 2004 (UTC)
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Words begining with Adipose_tissue:
Adipose_Tissue
Adipose_tissue
Adipose_tissue
Adipose Tissue
#REDIRECT Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue is an anatomy term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. Its main role is to store energy in the form of fat, although it also cushions and insulation the body. It has an important endocrine function in producing recently-discovered hormones such as leptin, resistin and TNF-alpha. == Anatomical features == Adipose tissue is primarily located beneath the skin, but is also found around internal Organ (anatomy)s. In the skin, it accumulates in the deepest level, the subcutaneous layer, providing insulation from heat and cold. Around organs, it provides protective padding. It also functions as a reserve of nutrients. In a severely obese person, excess adipose tissue hanging downward from the abdomen is referred to as a panniculus (or pannus). A panniculus complicates surgery of the morbidly obese, and may remain as a literal "apron of skin" if a severely obese person loses most of the excess weight (as after a bypass). Adipose tissue has an "intracellular matrix," rather than an extracellular one. Adipose tissue is divided into lobes by small blood vessels. The Cell (biology)s of this layer are adipocytes. == Physiology == Free fatty acid is "liberated" from lipoproteins by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and enters the adipocyte, where it is reassembled into triglycerides by esterising it onto glycerol. Fat cells have an important physiology role in maintaining triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, as well as determining insulin resistance. Abdomen fat has a different metabolism profile—being more prone to induce insulin resistance. This explains to a large degree why central obesity is a marker of impaired glucose tolerance and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (even in the absence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension). Hormones secreted by adipose tissue include: * Adiponectin * Resistin * Angiotensin * PAI-1 (see coagulation) * TNF-alpha * Interleukin * Leptin A specialised form of adipose tissue in human infants, and some animals, is brown fat or brown adipose tissue. It is located mainly around the neck and large blood vessels of the thorax. This specialised tissue can generate heat by "uncoupling" the respiratory chain of oxidative phosphorylation within mitochondria, leading to the breakdown of fatty acids. This thermogenic process may be vital in neonates exposed to the cold, who then require this thermogenesis to keep warm as they are unable to shivering , or take other actions to keep themselves warm. Attempts to stimulate this process pharmacology have so far been unsuccessful, but might in the future be a target of weight loss therapy. == Cultural and social role == In the modern world, excess fatty tissue on a human is often considered an aesthetic and medical problem (see dieting and obesity). In earlier times and other societies, fat was considered aesthetically pleasing. This can be inferred from the depiction of characters who by modern standards would be considered obese, in paintings by Rembrandt and especially Peter Paul Rubens. The latter's characters inspired the term ''Rubenesque'' as a positive (if sometimes jocular) reference to a woman with notable amounts of body fat. In Arab, West African, native Arctic and many Latin American cultures, many men express a preference for sturdy or "well-fed" women. The majority of men from developed nations, East Asia, and many East African cultures show a preference for thin women. More generally, fat, because of its association with high food energy intake and low physical exertion, may be considered an indication of wealth and privilege as well as gluttony and sloth. == See also == * Obesity * Cellulite Tissues
Adipose tissue
At the request of someone on the Spanish-language wikipedia, I did my best here to translate the more extensive material on this topic from the Spanish-language wikipedia. This really needs review now by a competent biologist, because I am a total layman attempting translation of technical material. Also, in searching for vocabulary I came across http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Connective/Connect.htm, which looks to my layman's eyes to be very solid and informative. I suspect it is a good mine of information and that one or more articles should include it in their external links. However, since it's totally outside my field, I can't judge it, so I'm leaving the linking to someone with a clue. -- User:Jmabel 07:45, 28 Jan 2004 (UTC) ------ The article looks good to me; I am not a biologist, having taken only college biology courses, but I have some familiarity with the terminology. So if someone else reads the article and thinks it's okay, it's probably worth taking out the notice. User:Aarchiba 09:50, Apr 14, 2004 (UTC) The article is a nice concise overview. I am removing the notice and making a few small edits. E.g, zootomy means cutting up animals; zoology is doubtless intended. alteripse 29 apr 04 This was already pretty good, but I had a further play before checking the talk page - i must stop doing that!! fixed a few links and hopefully clarified and emphasised the main points. the only thing I'm unsure of ist the adipose panniculus, which i've never heard. it'd be great if somebody could check my changes for typos! --User:Erich gasboy 05:46, 2 May 2004 (UTC) :Pannus and panniculus refer to the "apron" of fat hanging from the abdomen downwards in severe obesity. I am not aware of any difference in the two words and they are used interchangably (although etymologically the one is the diminutive of the other and they are rarely diminutive when worth discussing in a medical context). A large pannus or panniculus complicates surgery of the morbidly obese, and may remain as a literal "apron of skin" if a severely obese person loses most of the excess weight (as after a bypass). Maybe I'll add this to the article. User:Alteripse 13:29, 2 May 2004 (UTC) :looks good! so what do you do for a day job Alteripse? --User:Erich gasboy 13:46, 2 May 2004 (UTC) Can't you guess? I teach Latin (and sometimes other things) to our residents. User:Alteripse 14:31, 2 May 2004 (UTC) ..mmm that makes you an ?old Indianna endrocrinologist??? :-) --User:Erich gasboy 14:38, 2 May 2004 (UTC) ?old=!ouch but reasonable deducing User:Alteripse 14:45, 2 May 2004 (UTC) he he. sorry us aussies aren't big on decorum... have you dropped by the User_talk:Jfdwolff/WikiDoc --User:Erich gasboy 14:53, 2 May 2004 (UTC) == Should social use include ancient greek sacrifices? == Thanks to Prometheus, the god's portion of a typical Ancient Greek animal sacrifice consisted of bones and internal organs covered with adipose tissue. Perhaps a link should be in the mythology section and not here. I'm not familiar enough with the wiki to attempt an addition, so I'm just commenting here. stevieo@nyc.rr.com == cellulite == Why does cellulite redirect here? There's nothing in this article about cellulite. -- User:Kimiko 21:01, 11 Jun 2004 (UTC) good point. I'll make a stubb ;-) User:Erich gasboy 01:56, 12 Jun 2004 (UTC) How about adding a stub to the "Adipocyte" entry. Because a tissue is something cpmpletely different than a certain type of cells? --User:Ivenger 21:24, 16 Jun 2004 (UTC)
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
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Adipose_tissue
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