Adenosine is a nucleoside comprised of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Adenosine plays an important role in biochemistry processes, such as energy transfer - as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) - as well as in signal transduction as cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP. If adenine is attached to a deoxyribose ring, it is known as a deoxyadenosine. ==Pharmacological effects== ===Action on the heart=== When administered intravenously, adenosine causes transient heart block in the AV node of the heart. In individuals suspected of suffering from a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), adenosine is used to help identify the rhythm. Certain SVTs can be successfully terminated with adenosine. This includes any re-entrant arrhythmias that require the AV node for the re-entry (e.g, AV reentrant tachycardia (AVRT), AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)). In addition, atrial tachycardia can sometimes be terminated with adenosine. Fast rhythms of the heart that are confined to the atrium (anatomy) (e.g, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter) or Ventricle (heart) (e.g, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia) and do not involve the AV node as part of the re-entrant circuit are not typically effected by adenosine. Because of the effects of adenosine on AV node-dependent SVTs, adenosine is considered a class V antiarrhythmic agents . The pharmacological effects of adenosine are blunted in individuals who are taking methylxanthines (e.g, caffeine (even coffee) and theophylline). ===Dosage=== When given for the evaluation or treatment of an SVT, the initial dose is 6 mg, given as a fast intravenous push. Due to adenosine's extremely short half-life, start the IV line as proximal to the heart as possible, such as the antecubital fossa. If this has no effect (e.g, no evidence of transient AV block), a 12 mg dose can be given 1-2 minutes after the first dose. If the 12mg dose has no effect, a second 12 mg dose can be administered 1-2 minutes after the previous dose. Some clinicians may prefer to administer a higher dose (typically 18 mg), rather than repeat a dose that apparently had no effect. Consider ''increasing'' the recommended dose in patients on theophylline since methylxanthines prevent binding of adenosine at receptor sites. Consider ''decreasing'' the dose in patients on dipyridamole (Persantine) and diazepam (Valium) because adenosine potentiates the effects of these drugs. ===Side effects=== Many individuals experience facial flushing, lightheadedness, diaphoresis, or nausea after administration of adenosine. These symptoms are transitory, usually lasting less than one minute. ==Metabolism== When adenosine enters the circulation, it is broken down by adenosine deaminase, which is present in red cells and the vessel wall. Dipyridamole, an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, allows adenosine to accumulate in the blood stream. This causes an increase in coronary vasodilatation. == See also == * Adenosine receptors Antiarrhythmic agents Nucleosides
==Wikipedia:Welcome, newcomers to the Wikipedia== Welcome, newcomer! Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience: * First, take a look at the Wikipedia:Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the Wikipedia:Test area. * When you have some free time, take a look at the Wikipedia:Manual of Style and Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines. They can come in very handy! * Remember to use a Wikipedia:Neutral point of view! * If you need any Wikipedia:Help, feel free to post a question at the Wikipedia:Help desk * Explore, Wikipedia:Be bold in updating pages, and, most importantly, have fun! Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time: User talk:Adenosine *Wikipedia:Policy Library *Wikipedia:Utilities *Wikipedia:Cite your sources *Wikipedia:Verifiability *Wikipedia:Wikiquette *Wikipedia:Civility *Wikipedia:Conflict resolution *Wikipedia:Brilliant prose *Wikipedia:Pages needing attention *Wikipedia:Peer review *Wikipedia:Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense *Wikipedia:Village pump *Wikipedia:Boilerplate text Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on User_talk:ClockworkTroll. You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~. Best of luck, and have fun! User:ClockworkSoulUser talk:ClockworkSoul 05:57, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
#REDIRECT Adenosine
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
Words begining with Adenosine:
Adenosine
Adenosine
Adenosine
Adenosine_deaminase
Adenosine_deaminase_deficiency
Adenosine_diphosphate
Adenosine_diphosphate_receptor_inhibitor
Adenosine_monophosphate
Adenosine_monophosphate
Adenosine_monophosphate_deaminase_deficiency
Adenosine_receptor
Adenosine_triphosphate
Adenosine_triphosphate
Adenosine
Adenosine is a nucleoside comprised of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Adenosine plays an important role in biochemistry processes, such as energy transfer - as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) - as well as in signal transduction as cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP. If adenine is attached to a deoxyribose ring, it is known as a deoxyadenosine. ==Pharmacological effects== ===Action on the heart=== When administered intravenously, adenosine causes transient heart block in the AV node of the heart. In individuals suspected of suffering from a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), adenosine is used to help identify the rhythm. Certain SVTs can be successfully terminated with adenosine. This includes any re-entrant arrhythmias that require the AV node for the re-entry (e.g, AV reentrant tachycardia (AVRT), AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)). In addition, atrial tachycardia can sometimes be terminated with adenosine. Fast rhythms of the heart that are confined to the atrium (anatomy) (e.g, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter) or Ventricle (heart) (e.g, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia) and do not involve the AV node as part of the re-entrant circuit are not typically effected by adenosine. Because of the effects of adenosine on AV node-dependent SVTs, adenosine is considered a class V antiarrhythmic agents . The pharmacological effects of adenosine are blunted in individuals who are taking methylxanthines (e.g, caffeine (even coffee) and theophylline). ===Dosage=== When given for the evaluation or treatment of an SVT, the initial dose is 6 mg, given as a fast intravenous push. Due to adenosine's extremely short half-life, start the IV line as proximal to the heart as possible, such as the antecubital fossa. If this has no effect (e.g, no evidence of transient AV block), a 12 mg dose can be given 1-2 minutes after the first dose. If the 12mg dose has no effect, a second 12 mg dose can be administered 1-2 minutes after the previous dose. Some clinicians may prefer to administer a higher dose (typically 18 mg), rather than repeat a dose that apparently had no effect. Consider ''increasing'' the recommended dose in patients on theophylline since methylxanthines prevent binding of adenosine at receptor sites. Consider ''decreasing'' the dose in patients on dipyridamole (Persantine) and diazepam (Valium) because adenosine potentiates the effects of these drugs. ===Side effects=== Many individuals experience facial flushing, lightheadedness, diaphoresis, or nausea after administration of adenosine. These symptoms are transitory, usually lasting less than one minute. ==Metabolism== When adenosine enters the circulation, it is broken down by adenosine deaminase, which is present in red cells and the vessel wall. Dipyridamole, an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, allows adenosine to accumulate in the blood stream. This causes an increase in coronary vasodilatation. == See also == * Adenosine receptors Antiarrhythmic agents Nucleosides
Adenosine
==Wikipedia:Welcome, newcomers to the Wikipedia== Welcome, newcomer! Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience: * First, take a look at the Wikipedia:Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the Wikipedia:Test area. * When you have some free time, take a look at the Wikipedia:Manual of Style and Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines. They can come in very handy! * Remember to use a Wikipedia:Neutral point of view! * If you need any Wikipedia:Help, feel free to post a question at the Wikipedia:Help desk * Explore, Wikipedia:Be bold in updating pages, and, most importantly, have fun! Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time: User talk:Adenosine *Wikipedia:Policy Library *Wikipedia:Utilities *Wikipedia:Cite your sources *Wikipedia:Verifiability *Wikipedia:Wikiquette *Wikipedia:Civility *Wikipedia:Conflict resolution *Wikipedia:Brilliant prose *Wikipedia:Pages needing attention *Wikipedia:Peer review *Wikipedia:Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense *Wikipedia:Village pump *Wikipedia:Boilerplate text Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on User_talk:ClockworkTroll. You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~. Best of luck, and have fun! User:ClockworkSoulUser talk:ClockworkSoul 05:57, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC)
Adenosine
#REDIRECT Adenosine
See other meanings of words starting from letter:
A
AB | AC | AD | AE | AF | AG | AH | AI | AJ | AK | AL | AM | AN | AO | AP | AR | AS | AT | AU | AW | AX | AY | AZ |Words begining with Adenosine:
Adenosine
Adenosine
Adenosine
Adenosine_deaminase
Adenosine_deaminase_deficiency
Adenosine_diphosphate
Adenosine_diphosphate_receptor_inhibitor
Adenosine_monophosphate
Adenosine_monophosphate
Adenosine_monophosphate_deaminase_deficiency
Adenosine_receptor
Adenosine_triphosphate
Adenosine_triphosphate
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