
''This article provides extensive lists of events and significant personalities of the 1970s. For an in-depth article on the culture and social trends of the decade, please see The Seventies'' {| align=right cellpadding=3 id=toc style="margin-left: 15px;" |- | align="center" | Millennia:
1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium
|- | align="center" | Centuries:
19th century - 20th century - 21st century
|- | align="center" colspan=2 | Decades:
1940s 1950s 1960s - 1970s - 1980s 1990s 2000s
|- | align="center" colspan=2 | Years:
1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 |} ---- ==Events and trends== Although in the United States and in many other Western societies the 1970s are often seen as a period of transition between the turbulent 1960s and the more conservative 1980s and 1990s, many of the trends that are associated widely with the Sixties, from the "Sexual Revolution" to radical left-wing activism, reached fruition during this decade. Outside of the Western world, the continuing process of decolonization continued to define the relationship between developing and developed nations, as well as mark the course of the Cold War. ===Technology=== While personal computers did not become widespread in the developed world until the 1980s, rapid advances in consumer electronics began to impact the marketplace by the middle of the decade. * Microprocessors are developed - used first in industrial applications and after that also in consumer products * Pocket calculators make the slide rule obsolete * Home computer revolution starts * Video game arcades, and later, consoles, become popular * Unix created along with C language programming language * Microsoft is founded (1975) * Touch tone telephones begin to replace rotary dials * Digital watches and clocks become available to consumers ===Science=== Space exploration, both manned and unmanned, continued into the 1970s, with the realization of lunar and interplanetary missions and the launching of interstellar Pioneer program spacecraft. * Apollo program voyages to the moon continue * Viking program missions to Mars (planet) * Venera missions to Venus (planet) * Voyager program spacecraft launched to explore the outer solar system * Skylab and Salyut space stations * The Space Shuttle is developed (first launched in 1981). * ''Homo ergaster'' discovered; ''Homo rudolfensis'' skull unearthed at Koobi Fora but identified as ''Homo habilis'' * Discovery of the bottom quark; theory of quantum chromodynamics postulated to describe the strong interaction, one of the four fundamental force * Southern blot genetics technique developed ===War, peace and politics=== Relations between the rival Cold War power blocs improved substantially during the early and mid-1970s, with high profile exchanges between The United States and the Soviet Union (see détente), and increased cooperation between West Germany and East Germany. The United States and most other Western bloc nations also extended diplomatic recognition to The Peoples Republic of China. However, the rapprochement between superpowers did little to quell guerrilla warfare and terrorism in many parts of the world, often directed by proxies of one of the two superpowers. In 1979, the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan, and the Islamic Revolution in Iran ended the spirit of détente and involved both powers in a complex struggle with an increasingly assertive Muslim world. * fear of nuclear war despite détente, SALT I treaties. * Watergate break-in, cover-up, and scandal, leading to United States president Richard Nixon's resignation * Yom Kippur War of 1973; Egypt and Israel establish diplomatic relations through Camp David Accords (1978) of 1978 * Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. East Pakistan wins independence as Bangladesh. Martial law declared in Pakistan. Indira Gandhi suspends constitution in India * U.S. expansion of, then withdrawal from Vietnam War. Saigon falls to North Vietnamese forces in 1975. * Genocide in Cambodia under Khmer Rouge. Pol Pot deposed by Vietnamese troops * widespread Strike actions and industrial unrest in the United Kingdom throughout decade; Conservative Party (UK)'s Margaret Thatcher elected first female prime minister * Chilean coup of 1973 in Chile topples government of Salvador Allende, who is replaced by Augusto Pinochet. Coups and revolutions topple governments of Afghanistan, Argentina, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Ghana, and Nicaragua among others. Iranian Revolution and hostage crisis. Assassination of South Korea's Park Chunghee. * Soviet Union begins disastrous military campaign in Afghanistan * Spain establishes democracy after death of dictator Francisco Franco; withdraws from Western Sahara to see it occupied by Morocco * Portugal's decolonization from Mozambique, Angola, Portuguese Guinea, and East Timor; Indonesia invades the last. Carnation Revolution * Torrijos-Carter Treaties promise U.S. withdrawal from Panama Canal * Rise of environmentalism and green movements, peace movement and women's liberation in Europe and the United States. First Earth Day (1970). Whole Earth Catalog becomes widely popular and wins National Book Award. * Decline of the Black Panther Party. Peak of activity of the Japanese Red Army, Red Army Faction, Red Brigades, Symbionese Liberation Army, and Weathermen. * United Kingdom suffers from the Winter of discontent in 1979. ===Economics=== In many developed nations, the long post-World War II period of economic growth came to an end. Established industrial regions such as Northern England and the United States Midwest were particularly hard hit by falling demand, rising energy costs, labor conflict, and increased competition from emerging Asian producers of steel, ships, and automobiles. By contrast Japan emerged as an economic power through the use of new technologies, and a highly skilled and productive workforce. * high inflation, unemployment, and interest rates produce stagflation among industrialized nations; most OECD economies fall into chronic budget deficit. * collapse of the Bretton Woods system and macroeconomic consensus. U.S. leaves the gold standard; gold commodity prices soar. * OPEC oil embargo (see 1973 energy crisis) and Iranian Revolution (see 1979 energy crisis) spark petroleum crises. * the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and Denmark join European Union in 1973. * rise of supply-side economics and resurgence of the Austrian school; Robert Lucas Jr. and the "New Classical" school challenge Keynesian economics; monetarism Paul Volcker appointed chairman of the Federal Reserve. * Eurocommunism peaks under Enrico Berlinguer; neoliberalism policies implemented under Augusto Pinochet and Margaret Thatcher. * Federal Government of the United States Airline Deregulation Act, bails out Chrysler, creates Conrail and Amtrak. ===Culture=== In American cinema, the Seventies was the decade of the blockbuster; high-budget films which are promoted through extensive merchandising, and when successful, prompt sequels. Star Wars, and Superman (movie) spawned successful film franchises that continued into the 1980s, and broke new ground in the use of special effects. Jaws_(movie), and Rocky were also successful films that led to numerous sequels and had a tremendous impact on popular culture. The relaxation of censorship in the late 1960s continued, leading to a brief "golden age" of pornographic film (Deep Throat), as well as frank depictions of sexuality in "mainstream" cinema (Last Tango in Paris, Waiting for Mr. Goodbar). Many noted 1970s films also serious examine the impact of crime and violence on society (The Godfather, Taxi Driver). The early 1970s saw the death of several notable rock musicians - Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, and Jim Morrison -as well as the break-up of the Beatles, who had dominated rock in the 1960s. Rock music increasingly fragmented into genres (heavy metal, soft rock), and became increasingly commercialized. Punk rock and disco emerge in the mid-1970s partly as reactions against the mainstream rock music promoted on FM Radio and in arena concerts. Rock and pop music in its various forms also inspired several popular musicals on the stage and in film, such as Jesus Christ Superstar, Grease, Saturday Night Fever, and Tommy. In the late 1970s, Elvis Presley and Keith Moon of The Who died. * Funk, glam rock, disco, punk rock, gothic rock music * The science fiction movie Star Wars achieves massive world-wide success * An age of superstars and idols in sports, music, literature and film * Jamaican reggae music begins to gain an international audience, while dub music influences African Americans in New York City, leading to the development of hip hop * In design, 1970s forms tended to be squared off and voluminous * Commercial body piercing (other than earring) originated at gauntlet (body piercing store), a small shop in Southern California * Beginnings of a widespread, strong interest in bringing the considerations of ecology together with the disciplines of planning and design in environmental design * U.S. popular culture refers to this time period as the "[http://o0everlast0o.tripod.com/ Me Decade]" * The hippie culture of the late 1960s leads to widespread use (and near marijuana legalization) of marijuana and the introduction of harder drugs like cocaine. ===Others=== * Indonesian Archaeological Service and UNESCO restore Borobodur stupa. ==People== ===World leaders=== * Prime Minister Gough Whitlam (Australia) * Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau (Canada) * Chairman Mao Zedong (People's Republic of China) * Deng Xiaoping (People's Republic of China) * President Chiang Kai-shek (Republic of China on Taiwan) * President Yen Chia-kan (Republic of China on Taiwan) * President Anwar Sadat (Egypt) * President Urho Kekkonen (Finland) * President Georges Pompidou (France) * President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (France) * Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (India) * President Suharto (Indonesia) * Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (Iran) * Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (Iran) * President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr (Iraq) * President Saddam Hussein (Iraq) * President Erskine Hamilton Childers (Ireland) * President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (Ireland) * President Patrick Hillery (Ireland) * Taoiseach Jack Lynch (Republic of Ireland) * Taoiseach Liam Cosgrave (Republic of Ireland) * Taoiseach Charles Haughey (Republic of Ireland) * Prime Minister Golda Meir (Israel) * Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin (Israel) * Prime Minister Menachem Begin (Israel) * Emperor Hirohito (Japan) * Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka (Japan) * Pope Paul VI * Pope John Paul I * Pope John Paul II * Prime Minister Keith Holyoake (New Zealand) * Prime Minister John Ross Marshall (New Zealand) * Prime Minister Norman Eric Kirk (New Zealand) * Prime Minister Wallace Rowling (New Zealand) * Prime Minister Robert Muldoon (New Zealand) * Prime Minister James Chichester-Clark (Northern Ireland) * Prime Minister Brian Faulkner (Northern Ireland) * Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Pakistan) * First Secretary Edward Gierek (Poland) * King Faisal of Saudi Arabia (Saudi Arabia) * Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew (Singapore) * Prime Minister and President B.J. Vorster (South Africa) * President Park Chunghee (South Korea) * Leonid Brezhnev (Soviet Union) * Generalísimo Francisco Franco (Spain) * Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (United Kingdom) * Prime Minister Edward Heath (United Kingdom) * Prime Minister Harold Wilson (United Kingdom) * Prime Minister James Callaghan (United Kingdom) * President Richard Nixon (United States) * President Gerald Ford (United States) * President Jimmy Carter (United States) * Chancellor Willy Brandt (West Germany) * Chancellor Helmut Schmidt (West Germany) * President Josip Broz Tito (SFRY) ===Actors and Entertainers=== ====Film Actors==== * Woody Allen * Peggy Ashcroft * Alan Bates * Ingmar Bergman * Ingrid Bergman * Jean-Paul Belmondo * Humphrey Bogart * Ernest Borgnine * Kenneth Branagh * Richard Burton * Claudia Cardinale * Sean Connery * Robert De Niro * Marlene Dietrich * Richard Dreyfuss (''Jaws (movie)'', ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'', ''American Graffiti'') * Clint Eastwood (''Dirty Harry'', ''Escape from Alcatraz'') * Harrison Ford * Greta Garbo * Ava Gardner * John Gielgud * Mel Gibson * Gene Hackman * Mark Hamill (''Star Wars''`) * Rex Harrison * Goldie Hawn (''Butterflies Are Free'', ''Shampoo (movie)'', ''$ (movie)'') * Audrey Hepburn * Katharine Hepburn * Charlton Heston * Dustin Hoffman * William Holden * Rock Hudson * Diane Keaton * George Kennedy * Jack Lemmon * Jack Nicholson (''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'', ''Chinatown (movie)'', ''The Last Detail'', ''Five Easy Pieces'') * David Niven * Peter O'Toole * Laurence Olivier * Al Pacino * Gregory Peck * Anthony Quinn * Robert Redford * Vanessa Redgrave * Diana Rigg * George C. Scott * Sylvester Stallone (''Rocky'') * Meryl Streep * Elizabeth Taylor * John Travolta * Liv Ullmann * Peter Ustinov * John Wayne * Gene Wilder * Norman Wisdom * Franco Zeffirelli 1970s ====TV Actors==== * Alan Alda (''M*A*S*H'') * Gary Coleman (''Diff'rent Strokes'') * Tony Danza * Joyce DeWitt * Redd Foxx * James Garner (Jim Rockford on ''The Rockford Files'') * Judd Hirsch * Ron Howard * Mary Tyler Moore * Bob Newhart * The Not Ready for Prime-Time Players * Carroll O'Connor * John Ritter * Suzanne Sommers * John Travolta * Johnny Whitaker * Henry Winkler (The Fonz on ''Happy Days'') 1970s ====Entertainers==== * Carol Burnett * David Cassidy (''The Partridge Family'') * Louis de Funes * Serge Gainsbourg * George Lucas (''Star Wars'', ''American Graffiti'', ''THX 1138'') * Steve Martin * Wayne Newton * Richard Pryor * Sony * Barbra Streisand * Flip Wilson ===Models=== * Farrah Fawcett * Cheryl Ladd * Jaclyn Smith ===Sports figures=== * Henry Aaron (U.S. baseball player) * Muhammad Ali (U.S. boxing) * Rick Barry (U.S. basketball player) * Franz Beckenbauer (West German soccer player) * Wilfred Benitez (Puerto Rican boxing) * George Best (Northern Irish soccer player) * Larry Bird (U.S. basketball player) * Björn Borg (Swedish tennis player) * Terry Bradshaw (U.S. American football player) * Rod Carew (Panamanian baseball player) * Nadia Comaneci (Romanian gymnastics) * Jimmy Connors (U.S. tennis player) * Johan Cruijff (Dutch soccer player) * Roberto Duran (Panamanian boxing) * Gareth Edwards (Welsh rugby football player) * Julius Erving (U.S. basketball player) * George Foreman (U.S. boxing) * Joe Frazier (U.S. boxing) * Wilfredo Gómez (Puerto Rican boxing) * Bobby Hull (Canadian ice hockey player) * Kareem Abdul Jabbar (U.S. basketball player) * Reggie Jackson (U.S. baseball player) * Bruce Jenner * Barry John (Welsh rugby football player) * Billie Jean King (U.S. tennis player) * Olga Korbut (Russian gymnastics) * Guy Lafleur (Canadian ice hockey player) * Niki Lauda (Austrian motor racing) * Clive Lloyd (Guyanan cricketer) * Pete Maravich (U.S. basketball player) * Leigh Matthews (Australian Australian Rules Football player) * Willie Mays (U.S. baseball player) * Eddie Merckx (Belgian cycling) * Carlos Monzon (Argentinian boxing) * Gerd Müller (West German soccer player) * Joe Namath (U.S. American football player) * Jack Nicklaus (U.S. golfer) * Jim Palmer (U.S. baseball player) * Pelé (Brazilian soccer player) * Richard Petty (U.S. motor racing) * Bobby Riggs * Pete Rose (U.S. baseball player) * Red Rum (horse racing) * Secretariat (racehorse) (horse racing) * Barry Sheene (English motorcycle racing) * O.J. Simpson (U.S. American football player) * Mark Spitz (U.S. swimming) * Roger Staubach (U.S. American football player) * Bill Walton (U.S. basketball player) ===Writers=== * Chinua Achebe * Ai (poet) * Edward Albee * Kingsley Amis * Mulk Raj Anand * J. G. Ballard * Saul Bellow * Anthony Burgess * A. S. Byatt * Amy Clampitt * Anita Desai * E. L. Doctrow * Margaret Drabble * Janet Frame * John Gardner * Zulfikar Ghose * William Golding * Thom Gunn * Alamgir Hashmi * Seamus Heaney * Ted Hughes * Philip Larkin * Robert Lowell * Norman Mailer * Kamala Markandaya * Arthur Miller * Iris Murdoch * R. K. Narayan * Harold Pinter * Thomas Pynchon * Salman Rushdie * Anne Sexton * Louis Simpson * Gary Snyder * Wole Soyinka * William Stafford * Gloria Steinem * Anne Stevenson * Tom Stoppard * Mark Strand * John Tranter * Kurt Vonnegut * Gore Vidal * Alice Walker * Judith Wright ==Music== * ABBA * AC/DC * Aerosmith * Allman Brothers Band * Bachman-Turner Overdrive * Jeff Beck * Black Sabbath * Blue Öyster Cult * David Bowie * Jackson Browne * Budgie (band) * Jimmy Buffett * The Carpenters * Cat Stevens * Johnny Cash * Cher (entertainer) * Chicago (band) * Eric Clapton * The Clash * Alice Cooper * Elvis Costello * Crass * Jim Croce * The Damned * Deep Purple * Neil Diamond * The Eagles * Earth, Wind & Fire * Electric Light Orchestra * Emerson, Lake & Palmer * Fleetwood Mac * Gloria Gaynor * Genesis (band) * Gary Glitter * Grateful Dead * Merle Haggard * Waylon Jennings * Jethro Tull (band) * Billy Joel * Elton John * Journey (band) * Carole King * King Crimson * Kiss (band) * DJ Kool Herc * Led Zeppelin * John Lennon * Loretta Lynn * Lynyrd Skynyrd * Barry Manilow * Bob Marley & the Wailers * Paul McCartney & Wings * Steve Miller Band * The Moody Blues * Motörhead * Willie Nelson * Olivia Newton John * P Funk (Parliament (band)/Funkadelic) * Pink Floyd * Queen (band) * Rainbow (band) * The Ramones * Linda Ronstadt * Todd Rundgren * Rush (band) * Santana * Sex Pistols * Carly Simon * Bruce Springsteen * Rod Stewart * Styx (band) * Donna Summer * James Taylor * T. Rex (band) * Television (band) * Three Dog Night * Tower of Power * Triumph (band) * UFO (band) * Van Halen * War (band) * Yes * Neil Young * Warren Zevon See also: List of rock and roll albums in the 1970s ==Television== * All in the Family * The Carol Burnett Show * Columbo * The Flip Wilson Show * Gunsmoke * Happy Days * Hawaii Five-O * Here's Lucy * Ironside (TV series) * Laverne & Shirley * M*A*S*H * Mannix * McCloud * McMillan and Wife * The Partridge Family * Quincy, M.E. * The Rockford Files * Room 222 * Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In * Sanford and Son * The Streets of San Francisco * Taxi (TV series) * Three's Company * The Waltons * Welcome Back Kotter ==External links== *[http://www.doyouremember.co.uk/ 70s memories and memorabilia] simple:1970s
I don't like all the US "world leaders", Agnew, Mondale, Rockefeller. What happens when every country adds its roster of second-rank politicians? "World leaders" itself seems a rather NPOV term, or at least vague. User:Hotlorp :I removed Olivia Newton-John and Gordon Lightfoot from the list of entertainers, because I don't think they're important enough. I'm willing to be proved wrong, but I doubt it can be backed up. User:TUF-KAT I've added Loretta Lynn to the entertainers because she was voted "Artist of the Decade" by the Academy of Country Music. Why are there two categories for musical entertainers? User:Tiles 04:58 Apr 22, 2003 (UTC) : I just moved all the musicians that were in the 'Entertainers' section to the 'Music' section. I think the problem arose because most of the other 'decade' pages don't have a 'Music' section, and musicians were put into the Entertainers section. Later on, someone probably decided to add a 'Music' section but forgot to move the musicians that were already listed. --User:Lancevortex 11:13, 28 Apr 2004 (UTC) ---- I've removed the red-linked entertainers (Shaun Cassidy, Marlo Thomas, Cheryl Tiegs, Jimmie Walker), as in my opinion, if they're not considered major enough to have a Wikipedia article, then they're not major enough to be on the list of Entertainers of the decade. Feel free to disagree and reinstate! --User:Lancevortex 11:13, 28 Apr 2004 (UTC) ---- Added Secretariat as a Sports Figure - as he was (and is) a major icon of the 1970s. == Superstars and idols == Were the 1970s really more of "an age of superstars and idols in sports, music, literature and film" than any other decade since the 1920s (''see'' Events and Trends -- Culture)? I would vote to delete that comment. --User:Lancevortex 10:21, 12 May 2005 (UTC) == Saddam Hussein == Hello, I moved Saddam Hussein, who was mispelleds and in the wrong column, along with entertainers == The Seventies == I removed the redirect at The Seventies and the COTW notice. User:BastiqueUser talk:Bastique 03:01, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
Years by decade 20th century simple:Category:1970s
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1970s
''This article provides extensive lists of events and significant personalities of the 1970s. For an in-depth article on the culture and social trends of the decade, please see The Seventies'' {| align=right cellpadding=3 id=toc style="margin-left: 15px;" |- | align="center" | Millennia:
1st millennium - 2nd millennium - 3rd millennium
|- | align="center" | Centuries:
19th century - 20th century - 21st century
|- | align="center" colspan=2 | Decades:
1940s 1950s 1960s - 1970s - 1980s 1990s 2000s
|- | align="center" colspan=2 | Years:
1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 |} ---- ==Events and trends== Although in the United States and in many other Western societies the 1970s are often seen as a period of transition between the turbulent 1960s and the more conservative 1980s and 1990s, many of the trends that are associated widely with the Sixties, from the "Sexual Revolution" to radical left-wing activism, reached fruition during this decade. Outside of the Western world, the continuing process of decolonization continued to define the relationship between developing and developed nations, as well as mark the course of the Cold War. ===Technology=== While personal computers did not become widespread in the developed world until the 1980s, rapid advances in consumer electronics began to impact the marketplace by the middle of the decade. * Microprocessors are developed - used first in industrial applications and after that also in consumer products * Pocket calculators make the slide rule obsolete * Home computer revolution starts * Video game arcades, and later, consoles, become popular * Unix created along with C language programming language * Microsoft is founded (1975) * Touch tone telephones begin to replace rotary dials * Digital watches and clocks become available to consumers ===Science=== Space exploration, both manned and unmanned, continued into the 1970s, with the realization of lunar and interplanetary missions and the launching of interstellar Pioneer program spacecraft. * Apollo program voyages to the moon continue * Viking program missions to Mars (planet) * Venera missions to Venus (planet) * Voyager program spacecraft launched to explore the outer solar system * Skylab and Salyut space stations * The Space Shuttle is developed (first launched in 1981). * ''Homo ergaster'' discovered; ''Homo rudolfensis'' skull unearthed at Koobi Fora but identified as ''Homo habilis'' * Discovery of the bottom quark; theory of quantum chromodynamics postulated to describe the strong interaction, one of the four fundamental force * Southern blot genetics technique developed ===War, peace and politics=== Relations between the rival Cold War power blocs improved substantially during the early and mid-1970s, with high profile exchanges between The United States and the Soviet Union (see détente), and increased cooperation between West Germany and East Germany. The United States and most other Western bloc nations also extended diplomatic recognition to The Peoples Republic of China. However, the rapprochement between superpowers did little to quell guerrilla warfare and terrorism in many parts of the world, often directed by proxies of one of the two superpowers. In 1979, the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan, and the Islamic Revolution in Iran ended the spirit of détente and involved both powers in a complex struggle with an increasingly assertive Muslim world. * fear of nuclear war despite détente, SALT I treaties. * Watergate break-in, cover-up, and scandal, leading to United States president Richard Nixon's resignation * Yom Kippur War of 1973; Egypt and Israel establish diplomatic relations through Camp David Accords (1978) of 1978 * Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. East Pakistan wins independence as Bangladesh. Martial law declared in Pakistan. Indira Gandhi suspends constitution in India * U.S. expansion of, then withdrawal from Vietnam War. Saigon falls to North Vietnamese forces in 1975. * Genocide in Cambodia under Khmer Rouge. Pol Pot deposed by Vietnamese troops * widespread Strike actions and industrial unrest in the United Kingdom throughout decade; Conservative Party (UK)'s Margaret Thatcher elected first female prime minister * Chilean coup of 1973 in Chile topples government of Salvador Allende, who is replaced by Augusto Pinochet. Coups and revolutions topple governments of Afghanistan, Argentina, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Ghana, and Nicaragua among others. Iranian Revolution and hostage crisis. Assassination of South Korea's Park Chunghee. * Soviet Union begins disastrous military campaign in Afghanistan * Spain establishes democracy after death of dictator Francisco Franco; withdraws from Western Sahara to see it occupied by Morocco * Portugal's decolonization from Mozambique, Angola, Portuguese Guinea, and East Timor; Indonesia invades the last. Carnation Revolution * Torrijos-Carter Treaties promise U.S. withdrawal from Panama Canal * Rise of environmentalism and green movements, peace movement and women's liberation in Europe and the United States. First Earth Day (1970). Whole Earth Catalog becomes widely popular and wins National Book Award. * Decline of the Black Panther Party. Peak of activity of the Japanese Red Army, Red Army Faction, Red Brigades, Symbionese Liberation Army, and Weathermen. * United Kingdom suffers from the Winter of discontent in 1979. ===Economics=== In many developed nations, the long post-World War II period of economic growth came to an end. Established industrial regions such as Northern England and the United States Midwest were particularly hard hit by falling demand, rising energy costs, labor conflict, and increased competition from emerging Asian producers of steel, ships, and automobiles. By contrast Japan emerged as an economic power through the use of new technologies, and a highly skilled and productive workforce. * high inflation, unemployment, and interest rates produce stagflation among industrialized nations; most OECD economies fall into chronic budget deficit. * collapse of the Bretton Woods system and macroeconomic consensus. U.S. leaves the gold standard; gold commodity prices soar. * OPEC oil embargo (see 1973 energy crisis) and Iranian Revolution (see 1979 energy crisis) spark petroleum crises. * the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and Denmark join European Union in 1973. * rise of supply-side economics and resurgence of the Austrian school; Robert Lucas Jr. and the "New Classical" school challenge Keynesian economics; monetarism Paul Volcker appointed chairman of the Federal Reserve. * Eurocommunism peaks under Enrico Berlinguer; neoliberalism policies implemented under Augusto Pinochet and Margaret Thatcher. * Federal Government of the United States Airline Deregulation Act, bails out Chrysler, creates Conrail and Amtrak. ===Culture=== In American cinema, the Seventies was the decade of the blockbuster; high-budget films which are promoted through extensive merchandising, and when successful, prompt sequels. Star Wars, and Superman (movie) spawned successful film franchises that continued into the 1980s, and broke new ground in the use of special effects. Jaws_(movie), and Rocky were also successful films that led to numerous sequels and had a tremendous impact on popular culture. The relaxation of censorship in the late 1960s continued, leading to a brief "golden age" of pornographic film (Deep Throat), as well as frank depictions of sexuality in "mainstream" cinema (Last Tango in Paris, Waiting for Mr. Goodbar). Many noted 1970s films also serious examine the impact of crime and violence on society (The Godfather, Taxi Driver). The early 1970s saw the death of several notable rock musicians - Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, and Jim Morrison -as well as the break-up of the Beatles, who had dominated rock in the 1960s. Rock music increasingly fragmented into genres (heavy metal, soft rock), and became increasingly commercialized. Punk rock and disco emerge in the mid-1970s partly as reactions against the mainstream rock music promoted on FM Radio and in arena concerts. Rock and pop music in its various forms also inspired several popular musicals on the stage and in film, such as Jesus Christ Superstar, Grease, Saturday Night Fever, and Tommy. In the late 1970s, Elvis Presley and Keith Moon of The Who died. * Funk, glam rock, disco, punk rock, gothic rock music * The science fiction movie Star Wars achieves massive world-wide success * An age of superstars and idols in sports, music, literature and film * Jamaican reggae music begins to gain an international audience, while dub music influences African Americans in New York City, leading to the development of hip hop * In design, 1970s forms tended to be squared off and voluminous * Commercial body piercing (other than earring) originated at gauntlet (body piercing store), a small shop in Southern California * Beginnings of a widespread, strong interest in bringing the considerations of ecology together with the disciplines of planning and design in environmental design * U.S. popular culture refers to this time period as the "[http://o0everlast0o.tripod.com/ Me Decade]" * The hippie culture of the late 1960s leads to widespread use (and near marijuana legalization) of marijuana and the introduction of harder drugs like cocaine. ===Others=== * Indonesian Archaeological Service and UNESCO restore Borobodur stupa. ==People== ===World leaders=== * Prime Minister Gough Whitlam (Australia) * Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau (Canada) * Chairman Mao Zedong (People's Republic of China) * Deng Xiaoping (People's Republic of China) * President Chiang Kai-shek (Republic of China on Taiwan) * President Yen Chia-kan (Republic of China on Taiwan) * President Anwar Sadat (Egypt) * President Urho Kekkonen (Finland) * President Georges Pompidou (France) * President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (France) * Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (India) * President Suharto (Indonesia) * Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (Iran) * Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (Iran) * President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr (Iraq) * President Saddam Hussein (Iraq) * President Erskine Hamilton Childers (Ireland) * President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (Ireland) * President Patrick Hillery (Ireland) * Taoiseach Jack Lynch (Republic of Ireland) * Taoiseach Liam Cosgrave (Republic of Ireland) * Taoiseach Charles Haughey (Republic of Ireland) * Prime Minister Golda Meir (Israel) * Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin (Israel) * Prime Minister Menachem Begin (Israel) * Emperor Hirohito (Japan) * Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka (Japan) * Pope Paul VI * Pope John Paul I * Pope John Paul II * Prime Minister Keith Holyoake (New Zealand) * Prime Minister John Ross Marshall (New Zealand) * Prime Minister Norman Eric Kirk (New Zealand) * Prime Minister Wallace Rowling (New Zealand) * Prime Minister Robert Muldoon (New Zealand) * Prime Minister James Chichester-Clark (Northern Ireland) * Prime Minister Brian Faulkner (Northern Ireland) * Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Pakistan) * First Secretary Edward Gierek (Poland) * King Faisal of Saudi Arabia (Saudi Arabia) * Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew (Singapore) * Prime Minister and President B.J. Vorster (South Africa) * President Park Chunghee (South Korea) * Leonid Brezhnev (Soviet Union) * Generalísimo Francisco Franco (Spain) * Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (United Kingdom) * Prime Minister Edward Heath (United Kingdom) * Prime Minister Harold Wilson (United Kingdom) * Prime Minister James Callaghan (United Kingdom) * President Richard Nixon (United States) * President Gerald Ford (United States) * President Jimmy Carter (United States) * Chancellor Willy Brandt (West Germany) * Chancellor Helmut Schmidt (West Germany) * President Josip Broz Tito (SFRY) ===Actors and Entertainers=== ====Film Actors==== * Woody Allen * Peggy Ashcroft * Alan Bates * Ingmar Bergman * Ingrid Bergman * Jean-Paul Belmondo * Humphrey Bogart * Ernest Borgnine * Kenneth Branagh * Richard Burton * Claudia Cardinale * Sean Connery * Robert De Niro * Marlene Dietrich * Richard Dreyfuss (''Jaws (movie)'', ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind'', ''American Graffiti'') * Clint Eastwood (''Dirty Harry'', ''Escape from Alcatraz'') * Harrison Ford * Greta Garbo * Ava Gardner * John Gielgud * Mel Gibson * Gene Hackman * Mark Hamill (''Star Wars''`) * Rex Harrison * Goldie Hawn (''Butterflies Are Free'', ''Shampoo (movie)'', ''$ (movie)'') * Audrey Hepburn * Katharine Hepburn * Charlton Heston * Dustin Hoffman * William Holden * Rock Hudson * Diane Keaton * George Kennedy * Jack Lemmon * Jack Nicholson (''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'', ''Chinatown (movie)'', ''The Last Detail'', ''Five Easy Pieces'') * David Niven * Peter O'Toole * Laurence Olivier * Al Pacino * Gregory Peck * Anthony Quinn * Robert Redford * Vanessa Redgrave * Diana Rigg * George C. Scott * Sylvester Stallone (''Rocky'') * Meryl Streep * Elizabeth Taylor * John Travolta * Liv Ullmann * Peter Ustinov * John Wayne * Gene Wilder * Norman Wisdom * Franco Zeffirelli 1970s ====TV Actors==== * Alan Alda (''M*A*S*H'') * Gary Coleman (''Diff'rent Strokes'') * Tony Danza * Joyce DeWitt * Redd Foxx * James Garner (Jim Rockford on ''The Rockford Files'') * Judd Hirsch * Ron Howard * Mary Tyler Moore * Bob Newhart * The Not Ready for Prime-Time Players * Carroll O'Connor * John Ritter * Suzanne Sommers * John Travolta * Johnny Whitaker * Henry Winkler (The Fonz on ''Happy Days'') 1970s ====Entertainers==== * Carol Burnett * David Cassidy (''The Partridge Family'') * Louis de Funes * Serge Gainsbourg * George Lucas (''Star Wars'', ''American Graffiti'', ''THX 1138'') * Steve Martin * Wayne Newton * Richard Pryor * Sony * Barbra Streisand * Flip Wilson ===Models=== * Farrah Fawcett * Cheryl Ladd * Jaclyn Smith ===Sports figures=== * Henry Aaron (U.S. baseball player) * Muhammad Ali (U.S. boxing) * Rick Barry (U.S. basketball player) * Franz Beckenbauer (West German soccer player) * Wilfred Benitez (Puerto Rican boxing) * George Best (Northern Irish soccer player) * Larry Bird (U.S. basketball player) * Björn Borg (Swedish tennis player) * Terry Bradshaw (U.S. American football player) * Rod Carew (Panamanian baseball player) * Nadia Comaneci (Romanian gymnastics) * Jimmy Connors (U.S. tennis player) * Johan Cruijff (Dutch soccer player) * Roberto Duran (Panamanian boxing) * Gareth Edwards (Welsh rugby football player) * Julius Erving (U.S. basketball player) * George Foreman (U.S. boxing) * Joe Frazier (U.S. boxing) * Wilfredo Gómez (Puerto Rican boxing) * Bobby Hull (Canadian ice hockey player) * Kareem Abdul Jabbar (U.S. basketball player) * Reggie Jackson (U.S. baseball player) * Bruce Jenner * Barry John (Welsh rugby football player) * Billie Jean King (U.S. tennis player) * Olga Korbut (Russian gymnastics) * Guy Lafleur (Canadian ice hockey player) * Niki Lauda (Austrian motor racing) * Clive Lloyd (Guyanan cricketer) * Pete Maravich (U.S. basketball player) * Leigh Matthews (Australian Australian Rules Football player) * Willie Mays (U.S. baseball player) * Eddie Merckx (Belgian cycling) * Carlos Monzon (Argentinian boxing) * Gerd Müller (West German soccer player) * Joe Namath (U.S. American football player) * Jack Nicklaus (U.S. golfer) * Jim Palmer (U.S. baseball player) * Pelé (Brazilian soccer player) * Richard Petty (U.S. motor racing) * Bobby Riggs * Pete Rose (U.S. baseball player) * Red Rum (horse racing) * Secretariat (racehorse) (horse racing) * Barry Sheene (English motorcycle racing) * O.J. Simpson (U.S. American football player) * Mark Spitz (U.S. swimming) * Roger Staubach (U.S. American football player) * Bill Walton (U.S. basketball player) ===Writers=== * Chinua Achebe * Ai (poet) * Edward Albee * Kingsley Amis * Mulk Raj Anand * J. G. Ballard * Saul Bellow * Anthony Burgess * A. S. Byatt * Amy Clampitt * Anita Desai * E. L. Doctrow * Margaret Drabble * Janet Frame * John Gardner * Zulfikar Ghose * William Golding * Thom Gunn * Alamgir Hashmi * Seamus Heaney * Ted Hughes * Philip Larkin * Robert Lowell * Norman Mailer * Kamala Markandaya * Arthur Miller * Iris Murdoch * R. K. Narayan * Harold Pinter * Thomas Pynchon * Salman Rushdie * Anne Sexton * Louis Simpson * Gary Snyder * Wole Soyinka * William Stafford * Gloria Steinem * Anne Stevenson * Tom Stoppard * Mark Strand * John Tranter * Kurt Vonnegut * Gore Vidal * Alice Walker * Judith Wright ==Music== * ABBA * AC/DC * Aerosmith * Allman Brothers Band * Bachman-Turner Overdrive * Jeff Beck * Black Sabbath * Blue Öyster Cult * David Bowie * Jackson Browne * Budgie (band) * Jimmy Buffett * The Carpenters * Cat Stevens * Johnny Cash * Cher (entertainer) * Chicago (band) * Eric Clapton * The Clash * Alice Cooper * Elvis Costello * Crass * Jim Croce * The Damned * Deep Purple * Neil Diamond * The Eagles * Earth, Wind & Fire * Electric Light Orchestra * Emerson, Lake & Palmer * Fleetwood Mac * Gloria Gaynor * Genesis (band) * Gary Glitter * Grateful Dead * Merle Haggard * Waylon Jennings * Jethro Tull (band) * Billy Joel * Elton John * Journey (band) * Carole King * King Crimson * Kiss (band) * DJ Kool Herc * Led Zeppelin * John Lennon * Loretta Lynn * Lynyrd Skynyrd * Barry Manilow * Bob Marley & the Wailers * Paul McCartney & Wings * Steve Miller Band * The Moody Blues * Motörhead * Willie Nelson * Olivia Newton John * P Funk (Parliament (band)/Funkadelic) * Pink Floyd * Queen (band) * Rainbow (band) * The Ramones * Linda Ronstadt * Todd Rundgren * Rush (band) * Santana * Sex Pistols * Carly Simon * Bruce Springsteen * Rod Stewart * Styx (band) * Donna Summer * James Taylor * T. Rex (band) * Television (band) * Three Dog Night * Tower of Power * Triumph (band) * UFO (band) * Van Halen * War (band) * Yes * Neil Young * Warren Zevon See also: List of rock and roll albums in the 1970s ==Television== * All in the Family * The Carol Burnett Show * Columbo * The Flip Wilson Show * Gunsmoke * Happy Days * Hawaii Five-O * Here's Lucy * Ironside (TV series) * Laverne & Shirley * M*A*S*H * Mannix * McCloud * McMillan and Wife * The Partridge Family * Quincy, M.E. * The Rockford Files * Room 222 * Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In * Sanford and Son * The Streets of San Francisco * Taxi (TV series) * Three's Company * The Waltons * Welcome Back Kotter ==External links== *[http://www.doyouremember.co.uk/ 70s memories and memorabilia] simple:1970s
1970s
I don't like all the US "world leaders", Agnew, Mondale, Rockefeller. What happens when every country adds its roster of second-rank politicians? "World leaders" itself seems a rather NPOV term, or at least vague. User:Hotlorp :I removed Olivia Newton-John and Gordon Lightfoot from the list of entertainers, because I don't think they're important enough. I'm willing to be proved wrong, but I doubt it can be backed up. User:TUF-KAT I've added Loretta Lynn to the entertainers because she was voted "Artist of the Decade" by the Academy of Country Music. Why are there two categories for musical entertainers? User:Tiles 04:58 Apr 22, 2003 (UTC) : I just moved all the musicians that were in the 'Entertainers' section to the 'Music' section. I think the problem arose because most of the other 'decade' pages don't have a 'Music' section, and musicians were put into the Entertainers section. Later on, someone probably decided to add a 'Music' section but forgot to move the musicians that were already listed. --User:Lancevortex 11:13, 28 Apr 2004 (UTC) ---- I've removed the red-linked entertainers (Shaun Cassidy, Marlo Thomas, Cheryl Tiegs, Jimmie Walker), as in my opinion, if they're not considered major enough to have a Wikipedia article, then they're not major enough to be on the list of Entertainers of the decade. Feel free to disagree and reinstate! --User:Lancevortex 11:13, 28 Apr 2004 (UTC) ---- Added Secretariat as a Sports Figure - as he was (and is) a major icon of the 1970s. == Superstars and idols == Were the 1970s really more of "an age of superstars and idols in sports, music, literature and film" than any other decade since the 1920s (''see'' Events and Trends -- Culture)? I would vote to delete that comment. --User:Lancevortex 10:21, 12 May 2005 (UTC) == Saddam Hussein == Hello, I moved Saddam Hussein, who was mispelleds and in the wrong column, along with entertainers == The Seventies == I removed the redirect at The Seventies and the COTW notice. User:BastiqueUser talk:Bastique 03:01, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
1970s
Years by decade 20th century simple:Category:1970s
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